Coping Self-Efficacy as Mediator in the Dynamics of Psychological Well-Being in Various Contexts

The aim of this study was to explore whether coping self-efficacy mediates between various distress related variables on the one hand (symptoms of stress and depression), and the degree of psycho-social well-being as measured on the upper end of the mental health continuum on the other hand. Participants were two multi-cultural student groups (n₁ = 568; n₂=1480) as well as two community samples of Setswana speaking adults (n₃=477; n₄=1275). Students completed the English versions of measures, and the community samples of adults the Setswana versions. Mediation was evaluated through the testing of structural equation models. Coping self-efficacy mediated significantly between distress and wellbeing, although stressors also influenced the level of psychosocial well-being directly.     

The evaluation of an equine-assisted therapy programme with a group of boys in a youth care facility

The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an equine-assisted therapy programme aimed at improving the psychological well-being of boys in a custodial school of industry. Participants were 39 boys who live in a youth care facility for boys who display problem behaviour. They were from different cultural groups (Black, Coloured, and White) and aged between 14 and 18 years. Horses were utilised in the structured sessions to help the boys learn different coping skills through experiential learning. Data were collected on the boys’ level of coping and subjective well-being in order to assess the efficacy of the programme. The data were analysed using independent groups t-test comparisons. The results showed that the programme significantly improved the boys’ subjective well-being, problem focused coping, and emotion focused coping. However, their levels of dysfunctional coping were unchanged following the intervention. An equine-assisted therapy programme appears to show modest evidence of enhancing psychological well-being of adolescent boys in custodial care.     

Travel and residual emotional well-being

This study addresses the question of how work commutes change positive versus negative and active versus passive mood experienced after the commutes. Analyses are presented for 230 time-sampled morning commutes to work, made by 146 randomly sampled people in three different Swedish cities, asking them to use smartphones to report mood before, directly after, and later in the work place after the commute. The results show that self-reported positive emotional responses evoked by critical incidents are related to mood changes directly after the commute but not later in the day. It is also shown that satisfaction with the commute, measured retrospectively, is related to travel mode, travel time, as well as both positive and negative emotional responses to critical incidents.     

现实利他行为与网络利他行为对大学生主观幸福感的影响：多重中介模型

为探讨现实利他行为与网络利他行为对主观幸福感的影响,并着力考察现实社会支持、网络社会支持与自尊在其中所起的作用,以1064名在读大学生为被试进行问卷调查,研究结果显示：（1）现实利他行为与网络利他行为均能在一定程度上预测主观幸福感。（2）现实、网络社会支持在现实、网络利他行为对主观幸福感的影响中起中介作用。（3）现实社会支持和自尊、网络社会支持和自尊在现实、网络利他行为对主观幸福感的影响中起多重中介作用。     

我国精神卫生政策执行困境研究

通过模糊-冲突理论分析我国精神卫生政策执行困境,为推进精神卫生政策的有效实施提供理论依据。发现我国精神卫生政策的模糊性较低,但冲突性显著,政策执行的冲突性主要表现在观念差异、职业认同冲突、利益协同冲突三方面。因此,我国精神卫生政策执行属于政治性执行,其支配性因素为“权力”,政策执行过程存在一定程度的“形式主义”和“变通执行”。建议从完善政策设计、建立健全配套措施、保障政策执行资源等方面促进精神卫生政策有效实施。

     

‘We despair’: Examining the role of political despair for collective action and well-being

Anecdotally, people often report feeling despair about the political status quo. We conceptualise these feelings as political despair. But what is political despair, and what are its effects? We adapt intergroup emotion theory to analyse political despair in the context of racial inequality (Studies 1 and 2) and climate change (Study 3). Three cross-sectional studies (total N = 866) tested the measurement of political despair (relative to anger and hope), its pattern of appraisals and outcomes for conventional and radical actions along with well-being (stress, burnout and optimism). Structural equation modelling differentiated political despair from anger and hope and found that despair is associated with evaluations that the situation is both illegitimate and intractable (unchangeable). Moreover, political despair consistently had a negative relationship with well-being and positive relationships with conventional and radical collective action. The results suggest political despair is negatively associated with well-being and impact people's engagement in action for social change.     

Developing physical activity interventions for youth with cystic fibrosis and congenital heart disease: Learning from their parents

Despite the benefits of physical activity for youth with cystic fibrosis (CF) and congenital heart disease (CHD), most are insufficiently active. More information is required on how to facilitate physical activity in these populations. Although there are no studies that provide information about participation in CF and CHD youth from the perspective of parents, the involvement of caregivers may be an important facilitator to physical activity in youth with chronic diseases.

Objective

This qualitative study explored how the parents of youth with CF and CHD experience physical activity, and parents commented on both their own and their child’s physical activity.

Methods

Twenty-nine parents from a CHD and CF clinic participated in a semi-structured interview, and a thematic analysis of the transcribed data was undertaken.

Results

Parents discussed the numerous benefits and barriers associated with physical activity for both child and self. Role modeling was a critical social process to overcoming barriers. Parents experiences were situated within the broader family context characterized by a prevailing sense of stress and complexity.

Conclusion

By illustrating how the parents of youth with CF and CHD understand the role of physical activity in their and their child’s life, this study provides valuable information regarding the development of interventions to increase physical activity among children with CF and CHD.     

小学教育专业大学生总体幸福感与应对方式的关系研究

目的探讨大学生应对方式与主观幸福感的关系。方法用《总体幸福感量表》和《简易应对方式问卷》对小学教育专业大学生进行问卷调查,并用spss17.0进行数据整理和相关分析。结果积极应对与总体幸福感的3个维度存在显著性差异(p<0.05);消极应对与总体幸福感的4个维度存在显著性差异(p<0.05),应对方式对幸福感的回归效应显著。结论应对方式是影响大学生幸福感的重要心理因素。     

自谦的研究综述

对自谦的思考由来已久,但是,直到二十一世纪初,人们才试图借助科学手段对自谦进行系统的研究。在心理学界,自谦仍是一个新的研究领域。自谦涉及谦礼、谦敬、谦卑、谦忍,与谦虚、谦逊密切相关。文章通过文献资料的搜集,从自谦的界定、自谦的测量、自谦的相关因素、自谦的研究取向等四个方面进行了综述。