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81.
Graduate employment status and health: a longitudinal analysis of the transition from student 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The prevalence of unemployment and underemployment was explored longitudinally in 248 recent graduates (73 males and 175 females)
over an 18–24 month transition from final year student to 9–12 months post-graduation. Over this period changes in levels
of psychological distress, health behaviours, social support, optimism and achievement motivation were measured. Results show
that both unemployment and underemployment have deleterious effects on psychological and physical health, social support,
optimism and achievement motivation.
相似文献
Tony CassidyEmail: |
82.
在临床实践中,呼吸危重症的诊断和治疗存在着一些不同的观点。就其中某些热点问题,如慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并哮喘的诊断和机械通气的指征、肺栓塞的诊断、急性呼吸窘迫综合征的治疗、呼吸重症监护病房的建设和呼吸危重症的伦理学问题进行阐述,以期提高对呼吸危重症的认识。 相似文献
83.
Ebenézer A. de Oliveira Fernando C. Barros Luciana D. da Silva Anselmi Cesar A. Piccinini 《Journal of child and family studies》2006,15(5):631-642
Based on Bronfenbrenner's (1999) ecological perspective, a longitudinal, prospective model of individual differences in the quality of home environment (Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment—HOME) was tested in a sample of 179 Brazilian children and their families. Perinatal measures of family socioeconomic status (SES) and child birth weight had direct effects on HOME at preschool age. As either family SES or child birth weight increased, HOME also increased through diminished emotional distress in the mother a month following childbirth. SES had a negative effect on number of children in the household, which in turn had a long-term negative impact on HOME. Compared to mothers who had reported not to plan their pregnancy, those who did were more likely to have fewer children, to report more spouse support during childbearing, and to show less emotional distress a month after childbirth, all of which also influenced HOME at preschool age. These findings are discussed in light of the broader socio-ecological Brazilian context, with direct implications to clinical practice aimed at improving the quality of home environment. 相似文献
84.
Siglen E Bjorvatn C Engebretsen LF Berglund G Natvig GK 《Journal of genetic counseling》2007,16(5):607-615
This study examines the association between Sense of Coherence and anxiety and depression amongst patients at risk of hereditary
cancer receiving genetic counseling. When writing this article, 144 patients referred for genetic counseling due to a suspicion
of hereditary cancer in the family were recruited for this multicentered longitudinal study on the psychosocial aspects of
genetic counseling in Norway. A total of 96 (66%) patients responded to the follow-up survey distributed 6 months after genetic
counseling. This survey included the Sense of Coherence-29 Scale, Impact of Event Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression
Scale. Multiple regression analyses were applied. Our results show association between cancer-related distress and symptoms
of anxiety and depression. Sense of Coherence is significantly associated with both anxiety and depression. The hypothesis
of Sense of Coherence buffering cancer-related distress and the possible impact of these findings for genetic counseling are
discussed. 相似文献
85.
Cathy Kelleher 《Counselling psychology quarterly》2009,22(4):373-379
Historically, the pathologization of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) orientations shaped research and professional practice, while the impact of stigma was not considered. Within a minority stress conceptualization however, stigma-related prejudice and discrimination experienced by LGBTQ people constitute chronically stressful events that can lead to negative health outcomes. Minority stress has been linked to psychological distress among gay men and lesbians and may contribute to elevated rates of distress frequently observed among LGBTQ youth. This study explored the impact of minority stress on psychological distress among LGBTQ youth in Ireland. Measures assessing three components of minority stress (sexual identity distress, stigma consciousness, and heterosexist experiences) were administered online to LGBTQ youth aged 16–24 years (N = 301). Each minority stressor had a significant independent association with distress. Stepwise regression analyses identified the linear combination of minority stressors as significantly predictive of distress [F(3,201) = 30.80, p ≤ 0.001]. Results suggest that the oppressive social environment created through sexual/transgender identity-related stigma negatively impacts on the well-being of LGBTQ youth. These findings have implications for health professionals and policy makers interested in the concerns of LGBTQ youth experiencing difficulties related to minority status and will facilitate the development and tailoring of interventions aimed at reaching those most at risk. 相似文献
86.
为了探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDs)的危险因素,回顾性分析了我院76例SAP患者入ICU时的年龄、血糖、APACHEⅡ评分等17项指标,根据是否合并ARDS对各项指标进行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析。单因素分析显示两组在年龄、呼吸频率、血糖、感染、APACHEⅡ评分、Ranson评分、CT评分、ICU住院日方面差异有显著性(P〈0.05),多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄、血糖、感染、APACHEⅡ、Ranson、CT评分与SAP并发ARDS有关。故得出结论,年龄、血糖、感染、APACHEⅡ、Ranson与CT评分是SAP并发ARDS的独立危险因素。 相似文献
87.
Cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) is considered to be an effective treatment of distress associated with tinnitus (perception of internal noises without any outer auditory stimulation), but the processes by which the therapy works remain unclear. Mindfulness and acceptance is receiving increased attention in the treatment literature for chronic medical conditions. However, few studies have examined these and related processes with behavioral or observer measures. In the present study 57 videotapes (a total of 1710 min) from 19 clients who participated in a controlled trial of an acceptance-based treatment for tinnitus distress, were coded for frequency and peak level of verbal behaviors expressing either acceptance or cognitive defusion. Frequency of cognitive defusion behaviors and peak level of cognitive defusion as well as peak level of acceptance rated in Session 2, predicted symptom reduction 6 month following treatment. These relationships were not accounted for by the improvement that had occurred prior to the measurement point of the process variables. Moreover, prior symptom changes could not predict process variables rated later in therapy (after most of the improvement in therapy had occurred). Thus, clients’ in-session acceptance and cognitive defusion behaviors appear to play an important role in the reduction of negative impact of tinnitus. 相似文献
88.
Kjell Morten Stormark 《Infant and child development》2007,16(3):321-324
This study examined if infant immunization distress is related to their mothers' affective involvement prior to the injection. The duration of infant cry vocalizations and the amount of maternal behaviour before and after the syringe injection were observed in 18 mother–infant dyads, of whom nine comprised 3‐month‐old and nine 15‐month‐old infants. The maternal behaviour was scored in terms of various soothing strategies used to calm infants in distress. Infant cry duration, in both the 3‐ and the 15‐month olds, was associated with amount of maternal eye‐gaze before the injection. For the 15‐month olds, also face‐to‐face contact and rocking the infant was associated with more crying. Even though the small scale of the study warrants some caution in the interpretation, the overall findings suggest that young infants have a referential understanding of caregiver affective involvement prior to a stressor. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
89.
Storksen I Røysamb E Gjessing HK Moum T Tambs K 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2007,48(6):467-476
The study compares the likelihood of getting married and of getting divorced among the adult offspring of divorced parents versus the adult offspring of parents who remain married (total N = 37,230). It also compares levels of psychological distress in the two groups (total N= 22,898). Data derive from The Nord‐Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) and population registries from Norway. Individuals with divorced parents tended to delay marriage or not marry at all. However, among those who married, there were more divorces among the offspring of divorced parents than among offspring of parents who were still married. Offspring of divorce tended to marry other offspring of divorce. These marriages were at especially high risk of dissolution. Parental divorce was particularly influential as a risk factor during the first years of marriage. Both parental divorce and the individuals’ own divorce were risk factors for psychological distress. 相似文献
90.
Few studies have examined the impact of children with genetic disorders and their unaffected siblings on family functioning. In this study, the reciprocal causal links between problem behaviors and maternal distress were investigated in 150 families containing a child with fragile X syndrome (FXS) and an unaffected sibling. Both children's behavior problems appeared to have strong, direct effects on maternal distress, but maternal distress did not appear to have any reciprocal causal effects on either child's behavior problems. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences in the effects of the two children's behavior problems on maternal distress. These data suggest that the problem behaviors of children with FXS, as well as their unaffected siblings, can have a substantial and additive impact on maternal depression and anxiety. Future research efforts should employ longitudinal research designs to confirm these findings. 相似文献