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161.
Allison J. Lockard Jeffrey A. Hayes Benjamin D. Locke Kathleen J. Bieschke Louis G. Castonguay 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2019,97(2):128-139
This study examined how academic distress changed over the course of counseling and predicted retention. The sample comprised students receiving services at the campus counseling center (n = 404), students from a psychology department subject pool (n = 311), and students from the general campus population (n = 75,748). The analyses performed included t test, analysis of covariance, chi‐square test, and logistical regression. The results suggested that students whose academic distress did not decrease had lower retention rates than both clients whose academic distress improved and the general student body. 相似文献
162.
机械通气是治疗急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ALI/ARDS)的重要措施之一,本文从理论上探讨直立位机械通气的可行性,推测其可能的机制,与肺保护通气策略的关系,尚需要解决的问题,以期证明优于传统机械通气方式。 相似文献
163.
Catherine B. McClellan Lindsey L. Cohen Karen E. Joseph 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2003,10(4):231-238
The purpose of this study was to comprehensively describe infant procedural distress and pain across assessment modalities, and to compare similarities and differences across measures. A multimethod assessment of distress was conducted to investigate infants (N = 37) undergoing routine immunizations. Measures of infant distress included Parent report, nurse report, infant heart rate, and an observational measure of infant distress. Parents rated their infant's distress and pain significantly higher than did nurses. Observational and physiological ratings of infant distress were found to vary significantly by phase, and there were no correlations between adult ratings of pain and distress and physiological ratings. Findings suggest that infant procedural distress can be assessed in a number of manners. The discordance between these measures emphasizes the need for multimethod assessment of pediatric procedural distress in both research and clinical settings. Given the differences between parent and nurse ratings, clinicians should be aware that different assessment methods might lead to different conclusions about infant procedural distress. 相似文献
164.
Miri Cohen 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2002,9(3):245-251
The purpose of this study was to explore the emotional distress and coping strategies among women with primary as against recurrent (local or metastatic) breast cancer. The study sample consisted of 80 women, all 1 year postdiagnosis of primary or recurrent breast cancer. All women completed a demographic questionnaire, the Emotional Symptoms Checklist (SCL-90R) and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ). Patients with recurrence reported higher levels of depression and anxiety as well as a higher global severity index (GSI). This group used significantly fewer problem-solving and positive-focus strategies. Emotion-focused coping predicted depression and the GSI, but only positive attitude predicted the level of anxiety. The state of disease was a major predictor of emotional symptoms, and to a lesser extent of the coping strategies used. Although emotion-focused coping had a deleterious effect on emotional well-being, our study highlighted the importance and relevance of positive attitude for reducing emotional distress in general and level of anxiety in particular. Promotion of positive-focus coping strategies should thus be a key element in psychological interventions with cancer patients. 相似文献
165.
The Muslim population is growing rapidly throughout the world and a sizable population of 6–8 million Muslims is estimated
in North America alone. This population deals with a vast array of issues, including marital adjustment. Nevertheless, the
marriage and family literature lacks the research needed to facilitate therapeutic treatment with Muslim couples adequately.
Marital adjustment assessments that are commonly utilized have been tested on predominantly Anglo-American or Caucasian couples.
The present study is a preliminary investigation of the Locke–Wallace marital adjustment test’s (LWMAT) reliability when administered
to married, Muslim-American people. 相似文献
166.
Previous research, statistically accounting for self-construal factors and thereby eliminating widely reported culture main
effects in social anxiety scores between East Asians and European-Americans (Norasakkunkit and Kalick 2002 Culture, ethnicity, and emotional distress measures: The role of self-construal and self-enhancement. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(1), 56–70.) suggested that social anxiety measures penalize individuals for being low on independent self-construal;
therefore, cultural differences in emotional distress according to social anxiety measures may possibly misrepresent cultural
differences in emotional well-being. In the current experimental study, 127 Japanese and 126 American participants were either
primed or not primed to access an independent mode of thought prior to filling out two commonly used measures of social anxiety
and a measure of emotional well-being. Independent priming caused social anxiety scores to decrease. Yet, independent priming
did not influence levels of self-reported emotional well-being. Furthermore, although the Japanese respondents were shown
to be more distressed according to both of the standardized social anxiety measures, this finding was actually reversed with
respect to self-reported emotional well-being. The evidence thus points to high scores on measurements of social anxiety being
directly and causally linked to low levels of independence, while no link was found between independence and emotional well-being.
相似文献
Vinai NorasakkunkitEmail: |
167.
Many studies point to the importance of social information processing mechanisms in understanding distinct child behaviors
such as aggression. However, few studies have assessed whether parenting might be related to such mechanisms. This study considers
how aversive forms of parenting (i.e., corporal punishment, psychological control) as well as parental warmth and responsiveness
might be concurrently associated with children’s hostile intent attributions and emotional distress in response to ambiguous
provocation scenarios (both instrumental and relational). A sample of 219 children (101 boys, 118 girls) and their parents
participated. Bivariate associations showed that parenting dimensions and child variables were significantly associated in
mostly expected ways, but only in father–child relationships (especially father–son relationships). Analyses generally showed
dimensions of aversive parenting by fathers to be associated with a greater tendency toward hostile attributional bias in
children. Moreover, paternal warmth and responsiveness, as well as corporal punishment, were associated with less emotional
distress in boys. In contrast, paternal psychological control predicted greater emotional distress in boys. The findings suggest
that the tone of the father–son relationship, in particular, may help set the tone for how boys interpret their social world.
Psychological control figures prominently in this regard. 相似文献
168.
Sharon Rae Jenkins 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》1997,16(1):3-19
Emergency medical workers’ distress and recovery patterns after a mass shooting were related to their coping behaviors and
routine daily activities. This longitudinal repeated measures study assessed 31 emergency medical workers’ psychological and
psychosomatic symptoms self-rated for the weeks before, those just after, and one full month after the shooting. Coping behaviors
and time in creative activities were related to increased acute distress; recovery was related to more time in constructive
activities. Thinking about the incident was related to higher acute distress but better recovery on several SCL9OR scales.
Exercise predicted recovery on Obsessive-Compulsive and Hostility scales. Studies evaluating emergency workers’ reactions
to and recovery from critical incidents should use repeated measures designs, should assess short-term recovery, and should
distinguish among symptoms. 相似文献
169.
Sharon Rae Jenkins 《Current Psychology》1997,16(1):3-19
Emergency medical workers’ distress and recovery patterns after a mass shooting were related to their coping behaviors and
routine daily activities. This longitudinal repeated measures study assessed 31 emergency medical workers’ psychological and
psychosomatic symptoms self-rated for the weeks before, those just after, and one full month after the shooting. Coping behaviors
and time in creative activities were related to increased acute distress; recovery was related to more time in constructive
activities. Thinking about the incident was related to higher acute distress but better recovery on several SCL9OR scales.
Exercise predicted recovery on Obsessive-Compulsive and Hostility scales. Studies evaluating emergency workers’ reactions
to and recovery from critical incidents should use repeated measures designs, should assess short-term recovery, and should
distinguish among symptoms. 相似文献
170.