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141.
Overconcern with weight and shape and body dissatisfaction have both emerged as significant predictors of disordered eating. However, it is unclear how these constructs relate to each other, and if each has different antecedents and consequences. This study aimed to identify prospective predictors of each construct and to determine their relative importance in predicting dietary restraint and binge eating. Eight- to 13-year-old boys and girls (N = 259) were assessed at baseline and one-year follow-up, using a range of measures that included the Child Eating Disorder Examination. Psychosocial variables predicted overconcern with weight and shape whilst objective weight predicted body dissatisfaction. Body dissatisfaction and weight and shape concern predicted restraint, and weight and shape concern and restraint predicted binge eating. Findings provide support for the theoretical differences between body dissatisfaction and overconcern with weight and shape, and highlight the importance of focusing on specific body image variables. 相似文献
142.
精神疾病患者遭受社会歧视的现状及其原因与对策分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
社会对精神疾病患者的歧视由来已久,这种歧视广泛存在于不同的阶层与民族当中,且各有其特点。其对精神病患者及其家属带来的负面影响是显而易见而且是深刻的,这种影响涉及到了患者生活的各个方面。本文对各种歧视的特点及其深层次原因进行了初步分析和探讨,并对如何减少这种歧视进行了探讨。 相似文献
143.
目前,医疗事故技术鉴定过程中忽视了医务人员应有的地位。从法律规定和程序正义、当事人理论等方面明确了医务人员在鉴定中的法律地位。论述了医务人员应当是医疗事故技术鉴定的当事人,其在鉴定中享有当事人的权利和义务,这对保护医务人员的合法权益有着重要意义。 相似文献
144.
A number of recent studies have questioned the conventional view regarding the existence of income-related inequalities in
depression and have suggested that other factors have a more marked impact, most notably those socio-environmental effects
linked to professional status and educational attainment. This paper seeks to measure and decompose the degree of socio-economic
inequality in the factors underlying reported depression by drawing on data from Spain (Spanish National Health Survey, 2003),
a country in which mental care coverage is somewhat limited, but where a marked social transformation has been apparent in
recent decades. Contrary to recent evidence, our findings point towards the existence of significant income-related inequalities
in the prevalence of reported (diagnosed) depression. However, the results from our decomposition analysis are more mixed.
While a modest proportion of overall inequalities (6–13%) is accounted for by income alone, labour status, demographics and
education appear to be more relevant. However, when controlling for potential endogeneity between income and depression by
using instrumental variables (IV), income is found to account for more than 50% of overall inequality in reported depression.
相似文献
Joan Costa-FontEmail: |
145.
Nita Mary McKinley 《Sex roles》2006,54(3-4):159-173
Longitudinal analysis of objectified body consciousness, body esteem, self-acceptance, and weight-related attitudes and behaviors
in young adults (115 women and 49 men), who were undergraduates in 1993, tested hypotheses developed from theory on the social
construction of gendered bodies and the developmental contexts of the post-college transition. Gender differences in body
surveillance, body shame, and body esteem and the relationships between these persisted, whereas the relationship between
body esteem and self-acceptance decreased for women and was similar to men at Wave 2. For both women and men, body surveillance
and body shame decreased and body esteem increased over time, even though BMI also increased. Men wanted to lose weight at
levels similar to women at Wave 2 and were equally likely to exercise to control weight, but they were less likely than women
to diet. These results fit both cohort and age-related changes models of body experience for women and men. 相似文献
146.
医患诚信问题探讨 总被引:17,自引:4,他引:13
方燕君 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2006,27(6):37-39
近些年,诚信缺失现象大量滋生,信用问题日益凸现,医疗行业也深陷其中。医患诚信问题严重地挫伤了医患感情,医患间不信任情绪不断加深。关注和研究我国医患关系中的诚信伦理问题已刻不容缓。 相似文献
147.
148.
Ebenézer A. de Oliveira Fernando C. Barros Luciana D. da Silva Anselmi Cesar A. Piccinini 《Journal of child and family studies》2006,15(5):631-642
Based on Bronfenbrenner's (1999) ecological perspective, a longitudinal, prospective model of individual differences in the quality of home environment (Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment—HOME) was tested in a sample of 179 Brazilian children and their families. Perinatal measures of family socioeconomic status (SES) and child birth weight had direct effects on HOME at preschool age. As either family SES or child birth weight increased, HOME also increased through diminished emotional distress in the mother a month following childbirth. SES had a negative effect on number of children in the household, which in turn had a long-term negative impact on HOME. Compared to mothers who had reported not to plan their pregnancy, those who did were more likely to have fewer children, to report more spouse support during childbearing, and to show less emotional distress a month after childbirth, all of which also influenced HOME at preschool age. These findings are discussed in light of the broader socio-ecological Brazilian context, with direct implications to clinical practice aimed at improving the quality of home environment. 相似文献
149.
The present study examines the role of trait affect in job search. One hundred and twenty-three university students completed measures of positive and negative affectivity, conscientiousness, job search self-efficacy, job search clarity, and job search intensity during their last year of school while on the job market. At the end of the school year, participants completed the measure of job search intensity again, and indicated the number of interviews and offers they had received and whether they had accepted a full-time job. As hypothesized, positive affectivity predicted job search clarity over and above conscientiousness and job search self-efficacy. Job search clarity mediated relationships between positive affectivity and job search intensity and between job search self-efficacy and job search intensity. Negative affectivity, however, did not predict job search clarity. Job search clarity predicted job search intensity, which led to interviews, offers, and employment. The results suggest that job seekers high in positive affectivity find a job because they achieve job search clarity and, in turn, look for a job intensely. 相似文献
150.