Validation of the Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety-Revised and school refusal across anxiety profiles

Background/Objectives

This paper aimed to validate the Spanish version of scores of the Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety-Revised (VAA-R) in child population, and to verify the existence of anxiety profiles and to relate them to school refusal.

An abridged Spanish version of Sexual Double Standard Scale: Factorial structure,reliability and validity evidence

Background/Objective

Sexual double standard (SDS) has long been associated to several dimensions of sexual health. Therefore the assessment of SDS is relevant and requires self-reported measures with adequate psychometric properties. This study aims to adapt the Sexual Double Standard Scale (SDSS) into heterosexual Spanish population and examine its psychometric properties. Method: Using quota incidental sampling, we recruited a sample of 1,206 individuals (50% women), distributed across three groups based on their age (18-34, 35-49 and 50 years old and older). Results: We performed both, Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. An abridged version was yielded, consisting of 16 items distributed into two factors (Acceptance for sexual freedom and Acceptance for sexual shyness). A second-order factor structure was also adequate, which facilitates the use of a global index for SDS. Reliability, based on internal consistency and temporal stability was good for the factors. Evidence of validity is also shown and reported. Conclusions: This adapted version of the SDSS is reliable and valid. The importance for its use to estimate the prevalence of both traditional and modern forms of this phenomenon is discussed.     

Self-Criticism,Neediness, and Distress in the Prediction of Suicide Ideation: Results from Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies

The aim of the present study was to test whether the maladaptive personality traits of self-criticism and neediness predict suicide ideation when controlling for general distress. Further, potential interactive effects on suicide ideation of the two traits and distress were also evaluated. Two studies with nonclinical samples were conducted. The first investigation was cross-sectional and involved a final sample of 202 community adults while the second study was longitudinal with a final sample of 207 college students. Results of Study 1 demonstrated that self-criticism, but not neediness, associated with suicide ideation and, in doing so, also interacted with distress. Neediness also tended to interact with self-criticism in the prediction of suicide ideation. Results from Study 2 were similar and confirmed the Study 1 results. Changes in self-criticism, but not changes in neediness, predicted changes in suicide ideation after statistically controlling for changes in distress. Changes in the interaction between self-criticism and distress predicted changes in suicide ideation and changes in the interaction between self-criticism and neediness tended to predict changes in suicide ideation. Results are discussed with regard to their implications for psychological intervention.     

Perceptions of Private Market Landlords Who Rent to Tenants of a Housing First Program

The rental of housing units by landlords to participants in Housing First (HF) programs is critical to the success of these programs. Therefore, it is important to understand the experiences of landlords with having these individuals as tenants. The paper presents findings of qualitative interviews with 23 landlords who rented to tenants from a HF program located in a small city and adjoining rural area in eastern Canada and in which approximately 75 % of tenants had been housed for at least six consecutive months at 2 years in the program. Findings showed that landlords are motivated to rent to HF tenants for financial and pro‐social reasons. They reported holding a range of positive, neutral, and negative perceptions of these tenants. They identified problems encountered with some HF tenants that included disruptive visitors, conflict with other tenants, constant presence in their apartments, and poor upkeep of units. On the other hand, landlords perceived HF tenants as being mostly good tenants who are similar to their other tenants. Implications for practice in the context of HF programs are discussed.     

移动医疗视域下HIV/AIDS患者自我管理体验及需求的质性研究

采用目的抽样选取成都市、绵阳市及西昌市19名HIV/AIDS患者作为研究对象,采用描述性质性研究对研究对象进行半结构式访谈,对访谈结果进行主题分析,共提炼出一级主题5个：（1）患者有基于移动医疗的自我管理需求;（2）基于移动医疗自我管理平台期望载体及形式;（3）基于移动医疗的医疗或行为管理需求;（4）基于移动医疗的角色管理需求;（5）基于移动医疗的情绪管理需求。患者对基于移动医疗的自我管理平台有较高接受度。可设计开发易用性与隐私性强的移动医疗平台,通过提供疾病知识、线上诊疗、疾病监测与心理社会支持等功能,提升患者自我管理能力。

     

医务人员对医患共同决策辅助工具的态度研究

循证医学实践要求在临床决策中整合最佳临床研究证据、医者经验、患者自身价值取向与所处具体临床情境。使用决策辅助工具进行医患共同决策可作为一种实践模式,有必要了解来自临床一线医务人员的态度。采用多阶段分层抽样方法,于国内11省及3个直辖市共32个城市的51所二级和三级医院发放问卷,探究使用决策辅助工具促进共同决策实施的可能性。对1 212份问卷的分析显示,73.2%的医务人员认可患者是高质量临床决策的参与主体;支持患者获知诊疗决策依据、认同患者决策辅助工具的积极效果与高学历等正相关。     

适宜技术与诊疗最优化的可行性研究

在案例分析的基础上,作出了医生是临床诊疗中适宜技术的主要选择者的判断;论证了运用适宜技术实现诊疗最优化的可行性;认为适宜技术难以选择和实施的主要原因是利益关系、责任心不强和管理措施不到位;提出了必须着力培育适合于适宜技术生长的土壤的对策,即:实行政策引导与资金支持、进一步加大监管力度、营造良好的氛围、高度重视并加强医生道德素质的培养。