Young children's difficulty with inhibitory control in a social context1

Abstract: The authors’ prior research has documented that young children's behaviors in the Dimensional Change Card Sorting (DCCS) task can be influenced by their observation of another person performing the task and has suggested that young children committed perseverative errors in a social context. The present study explored whether children who committed perseverative errors in the social context also committed perseverative errors in the standard DCCS task. Three‐ and 4‐year‐old children were given the standard DCCS and the observation version of the DCCS, and the relationship between them was examined. The results showed that the correlation between these two tasks was significant. Furthermore, 4‐year‐old children displayed more difficulty in the observation version than in the standard DCCS, whereas 3‐year‐olds did not. The results are discussed in terms of the development of inhibitory control and social cognition.     

Reconciling Counselors’ Christian Beliefs and Lesbian,Gay, Bisexual,and Transgender Affirmation: A Grounded Theory

The purpose of this qualitative grounded theory study was to learn how 15 Christian heterosexual counselors successfully reconciled a perceived conflict between lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) affirmation and their religious beliefs. Obstacles to reconciliation, helpful factors, states, and participant characteristics were integrated into a grounded theory (the Relational Equilibrium Model) of religious‐based value conflict reconciliation to guide counselor educators and supervisors working with nonaffirming or conflicted Christian trainees to develop LGBT‐affirming dispositions and practices.     

跨文化的实证法学研究：文化心理学的挑战与贡献

跨文化的实证法学研究把文化心理学的理论突破和心理学的实证方法引入到对法学基本原理的研究之中。文化心理学研究中发现的东西方文化在价值定向、道德判断和思维方式等方面的差异能够给跨文化实证法学研究带来重要的启示。在对一些重要法律问题的认识上, 例如法律中的因果关系和责任的判定、合同形成以及纠纷调解等方面, 跨文化心理学研究已经发现了显著的跨文化差异, 这些差异可能会影响到不同文化背景的人对法的认识、法的建设以及法律的应用。我们认为跨文化的实证法学研究不仅可以为法学研究提供一条新的研究路径, 更主要的是还可以为中国法学研究的国际化和国际法律纠纷提供理论指导。     

大学生心理咨询中价值干预的处理原则

依据大学生的心理特点,提出大学生心理咨询中价值干预的处理原则。即两种价值干预并重的原则、心理咨询的原则、接纳和共情的原则、沟通和澄清的原则、修正和艺术的原则。重点阐述在接纳和共情的基础上,咨询者既能保持对自身价值观的高度自觉,又能帮助来访者澄清自身的价值观。     

叙事医学赋能医院管理与高质量发展

叙事医院管理强调在医院管理中融入叙事管理理念,是一种与循证管理互补的新兴管理模式。以广东省医院协会的叙事医学专业委员会平台和南方医科大学指导的叙事中心作为实践起点,在构建中国叙事医学体系的基础上,创新性地提出叙事医院管理框架下的医院叙事生态、管理者叙事商数、职业叙事闭锁、组织核心叙事、叙事调解等核心关键词,旨在激发国内医院管理者聚焦叙事理念,推动医院实现各维度的价值共生。

     

生命伦理学的学科框架、原则及相关问题之我见

生命伦理学应把主要的研究内容转移到精神、灵性与社会生命的伦理解读,研究什么是生命的伦理价值,以及"医疗与保健政策的公正"方面;生命伦理学的学科体系可分为原理（原道）、原论（原法）与原用（原实）三部分,可划分为理论生命伦理学与应用生命伦理学两部分;生命伦理学的原则可分为母原则、基本原则与应用原则;生命伦理学要鼓励创建各种学派,不要搞一言堂;在生命科学进化的今天,有必要保持心境平和,而不是戏剧性的躁动。     

Neuropsychological predictors of conversion to probable Alzheimer disease in elderly with mild cognitive impairment

In the field of neuropsychology, it is essential to determine which neuropsychological tests predict Alzheimer's disease (AD) in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and which cut‐off points should be used to identify people at greater risk for converting to dementia. The aim of the present study was to analyse the predictive value of the cognitive tests included in a neuropsychological battery for conversion to AD among MCI participants and to analyse the influence of some sociodemographic variables – sex, age, schooling – and others, such as follow‐up time and emotional state. A total of 105 participants were assessed with a neuropsychological battery at baseline and during a 3‐year follow‐up period. For the present study, the data were analysed at baseline. During the follow‐up period, 24 participants (22.85%) converted to dementia (2.79 ± 1.14 years) and 81 (77.14%) remained as MCI. The logistic regression analysis determined that the long delay cued recall and the performance time of the Rey figure test were the best predictive tests of conversion to dementia after an MCI diagnosis. Concerning the sociodemographic factors, sex had the highest predictive power. The results reveal the relevance of the neuropsychological data obtained in the first assessment. Specifically, the data obtained in the episodic verbal memory tests and tests that assess visuospatial and executive components may help to identify people with MCI who may develop AD in an interval not longer than 4 years, with the masculine gender being an added risk factor.     

论卫生领域中的政府角色与社会政策

从政府组织存在基本命题、社会政策变革趋势入手,深入探讨卫生领域内政府认知、政府角色、卫生政策现状及发展客观要求,提出新时期公共服务型政府能否制定并执行理性卫生政策,对管理伦理、管理机制和管理意识三方面的必要调整是关键。     

Exploring the Effects of Anticounterfeiting Strategies on Customer Values and Loyalty

Product counterfeiting, a serious problem throughout the world, is particularly challenging for luxury brands, which often have simple designs and a value that depends largely on buyers' perceptions. This study incorporates the concept of customer value into an investigation of the anticounterfeiting strategies. Both hedonic and utilitarian values positively influence customer loyalty toward luxury brands. As a means to strengthen customer values, legal and product strategies positively influence customers' hedonic value, whereas communication and product strategies positively influence their utilitarian value. The managerial implications of these findings and directions for further research are discussed.