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361.
本研究以396名高中二年级学生为被试,采用4×4组间设计探讨规则形式及其呈现问题情境对类比迁移的影响。主要得到以下结论:1.在类比迁移中起关键作用的是规则,但是规则只有与样例结合才能发挥它对样例的促进作用;2.在有问题情境时,直接呈现规则与需要归纳才能得到规则相比,更有利于促进类比迁移;3.在有规则的情况下,样例间的关系为不同领域的相似关系与其他样例间关系相比,对类比迁移的促进作用更大。 相似文献
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亲隐原则是为解决情与法的冲突,依据两害相权取其轻的方法原则所确立的价值取舍原则,其现实基础是以血缘根基和家庭伦理本位为基本特点的中国传统社会。它适合中国过去的社会实际,对我国的传统伦理和古代法律都产生了重要影响,在今天也具有一定的立法意义。 相似文献
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366.
罗尔斯代际正义思想及其意蕴 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
罗尔斯的代际正义思想作为他的正义理论的重要组成部分,体现了对传统正义观的超越与发展,为人类可持续发展所进行的国际合作和国内法律、政策的制定提供了有力的理论支撑和评价标准。 相似文献
367.
经验逆转效应指出,对低先备知识者学习有积极作用的教学设计可能对高先备知识者无效,甚至有消极影响。本研究分别对高、低先备知识者进行关于线索对其学习过程中主观认知负荷及学习结果影响的元分析,检验线索原则是否存在经验逆转效应及认知负荷理论能否解释线索原则的经验逆转效应。结果表明,线索能降低低先备知识者学习过程中的主观认知负荷并促进其学习表现;但线索对高先备知识者认知负荷及学习成绩的总效应均不显著。结合元分析结果,本研究证明了在多媒体学习环境下线索原则存在部分经验逆转,且部分支持了线索原则经验逆转效应的认知负荷理论解释。 相似文献
368.
Simon Rippon 《Australasian journal of philosophy》2013,91(4):783-788
I defend the claim that Kant held a wide-scope view of hypothetical imperatives, against objections raised by Mark Schroeder [2005]. There is an important objection, now commonly known as the ‘bootstrapping’ problem, to the alternative, narrow-scope, view which Schroeder attributes to Kant. Schroeder argues that Kant has sufficient resources to reply to the bootstrapping problem, and claims that this leaves us with no good reason to attribute to Kant the wide-scope view. I show that Schroeder's Kantian reply to the bootstrapping problem cannot fully answer it. Schroeder also offers three main textual arguments for attributing to Kant the narrow-scope view: from Kant's claim that the moral imperative is unique in virtue of its categoricity, from Kant's distinction between ‘problematic’ and ‘assertoric’ hypothetical imperatives, and from Kant's conception of analyticity together with his claim that hypothetical imperatives are analytic. I argue that each of these views can be understood as cohering with the more plausible wide-scope view of hypothetical imperatives. 相似文献
369.
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between using unhealthy substances and the digit ratio (2nd to 4th digit length ratio, 2D:4D) which is supposed to indicate the prenatal testosterone level. The subjects were 455 students, 225 women and 230 men. Participants declared their frequency of smoking and alcohol drinking. There was no significant difference in digit ratios between subjects regularly using both nicotine and alcohol and those who took none of them. When analyzing the two substances separately, there was no relationship between 2D:4D and alcohol drinking, whereas left hand 2D:4D was positively related to smoking only for women (nonsignificant trend was observed for right hand). Contrary to the previous study, our results indicate that there is no relationship between 2D:4D and alcohol drinking. There is, however, a subtle influence of prenatal testosterone levels for cigarette smoking habits in the case of women. 相似文献
370.
Today a change is imperative in approaching global problems: what is needed is not arm‐twisting and power politics, but searching for ways of co‐evolution in the complex social and geopolitical systems of the world. The modern theory of self‐organization of complex systems provides us with an understanding of the possible forms of coexistence of heterogeneous social and geopolitical structures at different stages of development regarding the different paths of their sustainable co‐evolutionary development. The theory argues that the evolutionary channel to the observed increasing complexity is extremely narrow and only certain discrete spectra of relatively stable self‐maintained structures are feasible in complex systems. There exists a restricted set of ways of assembling a complex evolutionary whole from diverse parts. The law of nonlinear synthesis of complex structures reads: the integration of structures in more complex ones occurs due to the establishment of a common tempo of their evolution. On the basis of the theory, we can see not only desirable but also attainable futures. 相似文献