α-硫辛酸对2型糖尿病肾病血浆Hcy和血清Cys水平的影响

观察α-硫辛酸治疗2型糖尿病肾病（DN）的临床疗效。将62例DNⅣ期患者随机分为2组（对照组和试验组）,在常规治疗基础上对照组应用银杏提取物20ml、试验组应用α-硫辛酸300mg,分别加入250ml生理盐水每日一次滴注,共2周。观察治疗前后两组血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、血清胱抑素（Cys）等及一般临床资料水平的变化...     

血清唾液酸测定对新生儿及幼儿期细菌性肺炎临床意义的比较分析

为了探讨血清唾液酸（SA）测定在新生儿及幼儿细菌性肺炎的意义,我们测定了72例新生儿及98例幼儿细菌性肺炎患者血清SA水平。结果显示幼儿肺炎组SA水平在1天~3天内增加到（782.1±16.5）,与幼儿非肺炎对照组（591.9±11.5）比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。新生儿非肺炎组SA水平保持在（357.8±9.1）,明显低于幼儿对照组（P〈0.001）。而新生儿肺炎组在起病1天~3天内增加到（604.1±15.4）,明显高于新生儿非肺炎组（P〈0.001）,但与幼儿对照组没有差异。因此,血清SA水平在幼儿时期即已达到成人水平,而新生儿细菌性肺炎患者虽然SA在正常成人标准范围内,但明显高于非肺炎新生儿水平。     

肝纤维化分期和谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体在肝源性糖尿病中的诊断价值

探讨肝纤维化程度分期和谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体在慢性乙型肝炎（慢乙肝）并发肝源性糖尿病中的诊断价值。对75例慢乙肝和肝硬化合并糖尿病患者分别进行空腹、服糖后2h血浆血糖、胰岛素、C肽和谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体（GADA）测定,对慢乙肝患者进行肝组织病理检查,按肝纤维化程度分期。结果乙肝肝硬化并发肝源性糖尿病患者的BMI值较乙肝肝硬化合并糖尿病患者的低。慢乙肝合并糖尿病S≥3组空腹、餐后2h血糖、胰岛素、C肽、GADA的阳性率以及糖尿病症状、空腹低血糖发生率与乙肝肝硬化并发肝源性糖尿病组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;慢乙肝合并糖尿病S≥3组空腹、餐后2h胰岛素、c肽和与慢乙肝血糖正常S≥3组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而GADA的阳性率显著升高,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义（χ^2=4．713,P〈0．05）。结论肝纤维化程度S≥3和谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体阳性有助于慢乙肝并发肝源性糖尿病的诊断。     

海马NMDA受体经SP-NK1受体通路参与慢性应激诱发的抑郁样行为

为探讨海马N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, NMDA)受体与P物质(Substance P, SP)及其神经激肽1 (neurokinin1, NK1)受体在慢性不可预见性温和应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress, CUMS) 中的作用及其关系, 通过建立CUMS动物模型, 大鼠海马微量注射给药, 测量大鼠体重, 并采用糖水偏爱测试、旷场实验和悬尾实验等方法对大鼠进行行为学检测, 运用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法分析大鼠海马组织中SP和谷氨酸(glutamate, Glu)的含量变化。结果显示, CUMS诱发大鼠表现出明显的抑郁样行为, 海马组织中SP和Glu水平显著增加; 海马注射NMDA, 大鼠表现出与CUMS/SAL组相似的抑郁样行为, 且海马组织中SP的含量比正常对照组显著增加; 微量注射NK1受体阻断剂CP-96345和/或NMDA受体阻断剂MK-801后, 大鼠抑郁样行为明显改善, 且MK-801使CUMS导致的大鼠海马P物质水平升高得到明显控制, 而CP-96345没有明显改变CUMS引起的海马Glu水平升高; CP-96345使NMDA引起的抑郁样行为得到极显著改善。以上结果表明, 慢性应激引起大鼠海马Glu过量释放, 通过激活NMDA受体, 促进P物质合成释放增加, 激活NK1受体, 是导致抑郁样行为发生的重要途径之一。     

白血病诱导分化治疗中的生态自然观

诱导分化是一种治疗白血病的新方法,它通过促使分化不完全的肿瘤细胞分化成熟,使恶性转为良性.临床应用全反式维甲酸(ATRA)和三氧化二砷(As2O3)诱导急性早幼粒细胞性白血病取得了较高的完全缓解率,毒副作用也较低.诱导分化治疗策略突破了将杀灭肿瘤细胞作为治疗肿瘤的惟一方法的思维局限,谋求在与白血病细胞的和谐中获得人类的健康,是生态自然观应用于医疗实践的成功范例.     

Effects of arachidonic acid on the spatial cognition of aged rats

Abstract:  To examine the effects of arachidonic acid (AA) on age-related cognitive deficits, Fischer 344 rats were given an AA-supplemented powder diet for 12 weeks from 18.6 months old as part of the old AA (OA) group. Other age-matched rats were fed a non-AA-supplemented powder diet as part of the old control (OC) group, and young rats were fed lab pellets as part of the young control (YC) group. When the aged rats reached 20.0 months old, all animals were tested for spontaneous activity in an open field, followed by the Morris water maze place and cue tasks. Escape latencies for the place task showed that the YC rats were fastest, and there was no difference between the OA and OC groups. However, the probe test and the first block of the cue task indicated that the OA rats remembered the location of an invisible platform better than the OC rats. Although the amount of hippocampal AA was larger in the OA rats than in the OC rats, the difference was not significant. The results showed that AA administration to aged animals may alleviate age-related deficits in spatial cognition.     

从反义技术到反基因技术：基因治疗的新突破

脱氧寡核苷酸或肽核酸可与基因双链DNA内的特定序列结合形成三逻DNA,三链DNA结构的形成可以抑制靶基因的转录。三链DNA在治疗肿瘤和病毒感染,降低耐药性,抑制免疫等方面都可以有广泛的应用,三链DNA的提出和发现为基因治疗提供了一个新的方向。     

Worsen depression after viscosupplementation treatment for geriatric people with knee osteoarthritis?

Background/objective: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) in older people may result in psychological impairment, including anxiety and depression. This study investigates the effect of intraarticular hyaluronic acid injection (IAHA) on geriatric patients with OA. Method: A total of 102 geriatric patients with knee OA undergoing IAHA were prospectively enrolled in this study. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form (IKDC), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain were recorded. All outcomes were measured at baseline before injection and during two, four, and six month follow-ups. Results: IAHA had a significant short-term effect, relieving pain at the two month follow-up, but the effect was weaker at the four month follow-up. Both IKDC and WOMAC scores were significantly improved at the two month follow-up. Viscosupplementation did not improve STAI. GDS exhibited significant deterioration at the four month follow-up. Conclusions: Although IAHA for the treatment of OA provided short-term efficiency, it had no effects on anxiety and increased depression of geriatric people. Health education should be provided with caution before viscosupplementation treatment to manage expectations of the efficacy of treatment for geriatric OA patients.     

Synchrnoic consciousness from a neurological point of view: the philosophical foundations for neuroethics

Daniel Kolak’s theory of synchronic consciousness according to which the entire range of dissociative phenomena, from pathologies such as MPD and schizophrenia to normal dream states, are best explained in terms of consciousness becoming simultaneously identified as many selves, has revolutionary therapeutic implications for neurology and psychiatry. All these selves, according to Kolak—even the purely imaginary ones that exist as such only in our dreams—are not just conscious but also self-conscious, with beliefs, intentions, living lives informed by memories (confabulatory, in the case of the fictional ones) and personal histories. Kolak’s derivation of psychiatrically relevant aspects of his theory—a neurological rendition of a Kantian transcendental argument—can be given a straightforward neurological, and therefore open to scientific scrutiny, interpretation that would then more easily lend itself to the clinical setting in which these perplexing phenomena, along with their purveyors, must live and cope. This will be the main focus of this paper.     

一氧化氮在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病中的作用

在围产期窒息引起的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）中,一氧化氮（NO）对脑组织具有神经保护性和神经毒性双重效应,这取决于NO的来源。并且NO与谷氨酸及内皮素（ET）相互作用。应用哲学观点深入研究NO的作用机制对于探讨HIE的防治具有重要意义。