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531.
532.
In this study, we examine how daily life fluctuations in positive affect (PA) and negative afect (NA) relate to mixed emotions—that is, simultaneous positive and negative feelings. We utilised three experience sampling studies (total N = 275), in which participants reported their affect 10 times each day for up to 14 days. Because people generally experience fairly stable moderate levels of PA in daily life, we proposed that mixed emotions would typically occur when NA increases and overlaps with, but does not entirely eliminate, PA. Accordingly, within individuals, we found that mixed emotions in daily life were more strongly predicted by changes in NA and the occurrence of negative events than by changes in PA and positive events. At the between-person level, individuals with more variable NA, more stable PA, and higher trait Neuroticism scores experienced higher average levels of mixed emotions. Further, we found evidence that the average magnitude of NA increases may partially mediate the association between Neuroticism and mixed emotions. We also found that positive predictors of mixed emotions are negative predictors of individuals' within-person PA/NA correlations—that is, affective synchrony. Our findings elucidate trait predictors and affective dynamics of daily life mixed emotions, which appear closely intertwined with NA variability. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology 相似文献
533.
Evgeni N. Sokolov Wolfram Boucsein 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2000,35(2):81-119
Despite a wide variety of emotions that can be subjectively experienced, the emotion space has consistently revealed a low
dimensionality. The search for corresponding somato-visceral response patterns has been only moderately successful. The authors
suggest a solution based on an assumed parallelism between emotion coding and color coding. According to the color detection
model proposed by Sokolov and co-workers, neurons responsible for color detection are triggered by a combination of excitations
in a limited number of input cells. Similarly, a limited number of input channels may feed complex emotion detectors being
located on a hypersphere in a four-dimensional emotion space, the three angles of which correspond to emotional tone, intensity,
and saturation, in parallel to hue, lightness, and saturation in color perception. The existence of such a four-dimensional
emotion space in the subjective domain is shown by using schematic facial expressions as stimuli.
A neurophysiological model is provided in which reticular, hypothalamic, and limbic structures constitute input channels of
an emotion detecting system, thus acting as the first layer of emotion predetectors. Hypothalamic neurons with differential
sensitivity for various transmitters may elicit a subsequent selective activation in a second layer of predetectors at the
thalamic level. The latter are suggested to trigger emotion detectors located in cortical areas, the action of which should
be revealed by measures of central nervous system activity. Preliminary results from evoked potential studies show that switching
between schematic faces that express different emotions may be used as an objective measure for establishing a psychophysiological
emotion space. 相似文献
534.
535.
Yona Teichman Zipora Bar-El Henry Shor Abner Elizur 《Journal of Psychotherapy Integration》1998,8(1):27-53
This study evaluated specific influences of a cognitive marital treatment (CMT) for depression based on an integration of cognitive theory of depression and systems theory. The effects of CMT on variables representing cognitions, emotions, and behaviors were compared with the effects of traditional cognitive therapy (CT), pharmacotherapy (PT), and no treatment (NT). Subjects were Major Depression Disorder and Dysthymic outpatients and their spouses. The changes considered were for pre–post treatment and pre-treatment–follow-up. CMT affected a wider range of variables than other treatments. In most instances it was also superior to the NT condition. Most of the gains were manifested at termination and lasted through follow-up. The variables affected by CMT were patients' and spouses' cognitions and emotions. PT had best effects on patients' emotions. CT affected patients' cognitions, but did not achieve superiority on any of the compared variables. None of the treatments produced significant changes in behaviors. 相似文献
536.
Karen B. Schmaling Fred Wamboldt Liz Telford Kenneth B. Newman Hyman Hops J. Mark Eddy 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》1996,3(3):211-218
Some asthmatics show evidence of airways reactivity triggered by strong emotions. Six case studies of married patients with severe asthma are reported. The videotaped interactions of the asthmatic and his/her spouse were coded for affect and behavior. Repeated measures of pulmonary function and affective state were recorded before and after two interaction tasks. Over the course of the experimental period, two patients' pulmonary function improved and four patients' deteriorated. In general, decreased pulmonary function was associated with more self-rated hostility and depression. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for the intra- and interpersonal factors that are important in asthma management. 相似文献
537.
TAPIO NUMMENMAA 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》1990,31(3):161-180
Six actors attempted to communicate by facial expression seven assumedly basic emotions (pleasure, surprise, fear, hate, sorrow, disgust and interest), and all pairwise blends, e.g., fear+sorrow. One hundred and eighty-two subjects (divided into groups as to the six actors) judged pictures of these emotions by three methods: (1) mapping, placing the pictures on coordinate systems with denotated axes, (2) identification and (3) sorting similar emotions into the same pile, followed by multidimensional scaling and cluster analyses. Recognition of the emotions was fairly good, though not equally good for all emotions and their blends; also the actors' ability to express emotions varied. Emotions of opposite hedonic tone did not blend well. Interest seemed to lend poignancy to the basic emotion with which it was blended rather than to constitute an emotion in itself. Expressions seemed to be more easily identified if the actor did not try to feel the emotion too deeply. 相似文献
538.
Body-related emotions and subsequent physical activity behaviour: An ecological momentary assessment
Body-related shame and guilt are theorized to be time-varying affective determinants of physical activity, yet research has predominantly relied on self-report measures of physical activity and between-person associations. To address these limitations, the present study used ecological momentary assessment to examine within- and between-person associations between body-related shame and guilt, and subsequent time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) measured by continuously worn accelerometers. University students (n = 98; 79.6% female; mage = 19.45) were prompted 49 times over seven days to report body-related shame and guilt, and wore activPAL accelerometers to monitor movement behaviours. Higher levels of within-person body-related guilt, but not shame, were associated with increased subsequent time spent in MVPA. Contrary to existing literature, neither body-related shame nor guilt demonstrated a significant association with average levels of MVPA between individuals. These findings support theoretical propositions that body-related guilt may impact engagement in physical activity in daily life. 相似文献
539.
Deborah J. Wu Stylianos Syropoulos Adrian Rivera-Rodriguez Nilanjana Dasgupta 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2023,17(10):e12833
During the COVID-19 pandemic, hate crimes against Asians sharply increased in the United States. We investigated whether the threat of contracting COVID-19 and specific negative emotions (disgust, anxiety, fear, and anger) regarding COVID-19 predicted anti-Asian prejudice in a 3-wave longitudinal study of non-Asian American adults (N = 486) in the early days of the pandemic in 2020. In all 3 timepoints, participants who believed that they may have already contracted COVID and those who expressed greater disgust reported more anti-Asian attitudes, evaluated Asians as less than human, tolerated anti-Asian prejudice, and blamed Asians for spreading COVID-19. In a well-fitting longitudinal path model, we found longitudinal evidence for these associations, such that the belief that one had already contracted COVID-19 in March 2020 predicted greater disgust one month later, in April 2020, which in turn predicted greater anti-Asian prejudice in May 2020. 相似文献
540.
Clara Pretus Jennifer L. Ray Yael Granot William A. Cunningham Jay J. Van Bavel 《European journal of social psychology》2023,53(2):336-353
We investigated whether any differences in the psychological conceptualization of hate and dislike were simply a matter of degree of negativity (i.e., hate falls on the end of the continuum of dislike) or also morality (i.e., hate is imbued with distinct moral components that distinguish it from dislike). In three lab studies in Canada and the United States, participants reported disliked and hated attitude objects and rated each on dimensions including valence, attitude strength, morality, and emotional content. Quantitative and qualitative measures revealed that hated attitude objects were more negative than disliked attitude objects and associated with moral beliefs and emotions, even after adjusting for differences in negativity. In Study 4, we analysed the rhetoric on real hate sites and complaint forums and found that the language used on prominent hate websites contained more words related to morality, but not negativity, relative to complaint forums. 相似文献