Validité de construit d’une épreuve de jeu de rôle dans le cadre d’un centre d’évaluation chez des officiers de marine.

The present study was designed to obtain validity estimates for a role-play test. Participants were 125 french Navy officers who were rated by a pool of professional assessors and psychologists. All the assessors received reccurring training sessions, focusing on the behavioral checklist, on rating errors, and on share frame of reference. The assessment procedure included role play exercise, cognitive ability scale (g factor) and personality scale (big five factors). First, exploratory factor analyses were conducted on the data gathered, and four factors were identified (authoritarianism, oral communication, consideration with others and frankness). In a nomological perspective, we also analysed the links between the exercises dimensions, personality inventorie and intelligence scale. The findings suggest that role play dimension, personality and intelligence seem to measure different thinks.     

What sources contribute to variance in observer ratings? Using generalizability theory to assess construct validity of psychological measures

Cronbach and Meehl (Psychol. Bull. 1955; 52:281–302) stated that the key question to be addressed when assessing construct validity is ‘What sources contribute to variance in test performance?’ We illustrate the utility of generalizability theory (GT) as a conceptual framework that encourages psychological researchers to address this question and as a flexible set of analytic tools that can provide answers to inform both substantive theory and measurement practice. To illustrate these capabilities, we analyze observer ratings of 27 caregiver–child dyads, focusing on the importance of situational (contextual) factors as sources of variance in observer ratings of caregiver–child behaviors. Cross‐situational consistency was relatively low for the categories of behavior analyzed, indicating that dyads vary greatly in their interactional patterns from one situation to the next, so that it is difficult to predict behavioral frequencies in one context from behaviors observed in a different context. Our findings suggest that single‐situation behavioral measures may have limited generalizability, either to behavior in other contexts or as measures of global interaction tendencies. We discuss the implications of these findings for research and measurement design in developmental psychology. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国公务员绩效评估公平性结构的实证研究

本论文以833名公务员为对象,通过构建公务员绩效评估公平性问卷,对公务员绩效评估公平性的结构进行了探讨。探索性因素分析表明,公务员绩效评估公平性的结构主要包括评估系统公平、评估者公平、信息公平和人际公平等四个维度;验证性因素分析表明问卷,具有较好的构思效度和建构信度,其问卷可以作为测量公务员绩效评估公平性的工具。     

多重情绪智力量表(MEIS)的信度、结构效度及应用评价研究

对多重情绪智力量表（MEIS）的信度和结构效度进行了实证检验,结果发现,MEIS的内部一致性信度（a）系数偏低,各分量表的分半信度系数很低;MEIS总量表的结构效度明显不足,对七个分量表的因素分析结果显示,每个维度对总量表的贡献率很低;无法满足Mayer和Salovey情绪智力4维度理论框架。对4个维度逐一进行二阶因素分析结果均揭示,MEIS明显缺乏每个维度所设定的4因素的结构效度,项目效率明显不足,因此,MEIS尚不具备有效测量情绪智力的功能。     

智商常态人群的智力个体差异研究述评

智力功能个体差异星正态分布有不同观点：g因素决定特殊能力分化程度差异论、因素搭配差异论;单一认知机能、认知机能系统中的一个或者几个认知机能缺陷影响智力功能差异论;认知发展理论的要素功能大小和要素关联关系强弱、结构差异论;文化活动结构差异和遗传进化的神经效率差异论;神经活动特性水平和神经活动区域效率差异、人格中介情景任务和人     

核心自我评价概念的提出及其验证性研究

自尊、控制源、一般自我效能和神经质四种人格特质都是关于个体对自我评价的概念,Judge等人认为在四种人格特质下有一个更深层次的结构,他们将其命名为核心自我评价(core self-evaluation)。本研究通过对400名企业职工的调查,结果表明有一个单一因素可以解释四种人格特质间的相关。并以大五人格和关系绩效为效标做增益效度的检验,结果表明在控制了核心自我评价对外部效标的解释后,单个特质的增益效度很低。研究结果证明了核心自我评价概念在中国文化背景下的存在。     

情绪智力:多维度构思背后的信息

情绪智力作为影响个人发展与领导能力的关键变量已经得到许多关注。虽然许多研究都认为情绪智力更适合从一个多维度变量角度来探讨,但更多研究主要关注情绪智力的整体效应和差异,比较少从情绪智力的单一维度方面来进行研究。本研究以公务员群体来进行分析,运用多元方差分析和结构方程技术来分析人口统计特征对情绪智力多维度构思的影响,并特别关注情绪智力及各维度对个体绩效的影响。最后根据研究结果对与情绪智力相关的理论研究和管理实践提供一些建议。     

Effect size, power, and sample size determination for structured means modeling and mimic approaches to between-groups hypothesis testing of means on a single latent construct

While effect size estimates, post hoc power estimates, and a priori sample size determination are becoming a routine part of univariate analyses involving measured variables (e.g., ANOVA), such measures and methods have not been articulated for analyses involving latent means. The current article presents standardized effect size measures for latent mean differences inferred from both structured means modeling and MIMIC approaches to hypothesis testing about differences among means on a single latent construct. These measures are then related to post hoc power analysis, a priori sample size determination, and a relevant measure of construct reliability.I wish to convey my appreciation to the reviewers and Associate Editor, whose suggestions extended and strengthened the article's content immensely, and to Ralph Mueller of The George Washington University for enhancing the clarity of its presentation.     

Testing Antonovsky's sense of coherence (SOC) scale among Swedish physically active older people

In Antonovsky's salutogenic theory, the major concept sense of coherence (SOC) is constituted of three core components called comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness. Several scales that are intended to measure SOC are available and used by researchers in health and caring sciences all over the world. When using a scale, evidence of its quality in different study groups is needed in order to get reliable and valid data. The aim of this study was to test reliability and construct validity of the Swedish version of Antonovsky's original 29-item sense of coherence (SOC) scale in a group of physically active older people. The scale was tested with a convenience sample of 140 physically active older individuals, who took part in different fitness-training groups in eastern Sweden. Reliability was assessed as item to total correlations and with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Construct validity was assessed with the known groups technique, confirmatory factor analysis, and with logistic regression analysis. The results showed that in the studied group of older individuals, the instrument was a very reliable tool with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92. Construct validity of the scale was supported by the fact that the global concept sense of coherence was found to be hierarchically organized in a model that consisted of the three core components of comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness. Furthermore, perceived health could be explained to some degree by sense of coherence, but even more by comprehensibility, in both cases independently of chronological age. The results clearly corroborated Antonovsky's theory.     

Psychometrics in Psychological Research: Role Model or Partner in Science?

This is a reaction to Borsboom's (2006) discussion paper on the issue that psychology takes so little notice of the modern developments in psychometrics, in particular, latent variable methods. Contrary to Borsboom, it is argued that latent variables are summaries of interesting data properties, that construct validation should involve studying nomological networks, that psychological research slowly but definitely will incorporate latent variable methods, and that the role of psychometrics in psychology is that of partner, not role model. Requests for reprints should be sent to Klaas Sijtsma, Department of Methodology and Statistics, FSW, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE, Tilburg, The Netherlands.