电信员工职业承诺因素结构的研究

本文在访谈、问卷调查的基础上,采用因素分析、回归分析等方法对电信业员工职业承诺的因素结构及其相关变量、人口统计学变量进行了深入研究。结果表明,电信业员工的职业承诺包括情感承诺、继承承诺、规范承诺、理想承诺四个维度。修订后的量表具有良好的信效度,职业承诺与相关变量间相关显著。     

薪酬水平和薪酬差距对企业运营结果影响的元分析

以国内外113篇企业薪酬水平和薪酬差距领域的实证研究(254个效应值, 438880家企业)为样本, 采用基于结构方程模型的元分析方法检验了企业平均薪酬水平、垂直薪酬差距和水平薪酬差距对企业创新、绩效和离职等运营结果的影响。元分析结果显示, 平均薪酬水平不仅能够显著提升企业的创新和绩效水平, 也会抑制企业内部的离职水平; 垂直和水平薪酬差距对企业绩效的主效应并不显著, 但其对企业创新具有显著的抑制作用, 并能够显著提升企业的离职水平。进一步的调节效应检验表明, 国家地域因素调节了薪酬水平与企业绩效之间的关系, 即中国企业的平均薪酬水平对企业绩效的促进作用显著高于美国企业。研究结果对于企业的薪酬管理具有一定的借鉴意义。     

无边界职涯背景下的离职:重回决策者中心

离职曾被视作组织中的"问题"而受到学术界的重视。传统离职研究更关注通过改变员工的态度来减少离职,进而降低离职对组织产生的负面影响,具有鲜明的组织立场。然而离职的本质是员工个体的决策。无边界职业生涯背景下,面对更加多样化的生涯选择,员工在离职决策中的主体性更加凸显,离职研究需要重回决策者中心,重新聚焦决策者:(1)以决策者为中心探讨离职影响因素;(2)探讨决策者制定离职决策的内在过程;(3)关注员工离职的实际行为及后果。     

工作-家庭支持的结构与测量及其调节作用

在深度访谈和开放式问卷调查的基础上, 编制了工作-家庭支持问卷。探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析结果表明, 中国文化背景下的工作-家庭支持由组织支持、领导支持、情感支持和工具性支持四个维度构成。问卷的信效度指标良好。无约束结构方程模型分析结果表明, 工作-家庭支持能够有效调节工作-家庭冲突与离职意向的关系。     

IT企业员工多层次承诺对离职意向的影响

IT企业的高离职率成为信息技术行业面临的一大难题,本研究运用问卷调查了浙江IT企业员工的多层次承诺(组织承诺、团队承诺和职业承诺)及其离职意向。结果发现,IT企业员工组织承诺是影响离职意向的重要因素;同时IT企业员工的团队承诺和职业承诺是组织承诺影响离职意向的缓冲变量。其中,团队承诺越高,组织承诺对离职意向的影响就越大;而职业承诺越低,组织承诺对离职意向的影响就越大。最后对IT企业的员工的管理提出了建议。     

The Bishops of the Protestant Episcopal Church and Birth Control

Summary

Some effects of the time incarcerated on the values and sociometric choices of 107 young inmates at a federal correctional institution were assessed. The longer an inmate was incarcerated, the less were his values like those that the prison staff attributed to an ideal inmate. Values showing decreasing acceptance over time by the inmates were religiousness, honesty, achievement, and kindness, while independence and loyalty increased. There was little evidence for a change toward socially acceptable values as the inmates neared release, in contrast to the results of other investigations. One of the sociometric measures, however, showed that inmates tended increasingly to choose staff as peers, as release time approached.     

Perceived Organizational Support and Turnover Intention: The Mediating Effects of Personal Sacrifice and Job Fit

ABSTRACT

This study examines the mediating role of job fit on the relationship between perceived supervisor support (PSS) and perceived organizational support (POS), and the mediating role of personal sacrifice on the relationship between POS and turnover intention. We use structural equation modeling (SEM) with a data set consisting of a sample of 346 individuals in a manufacturing firm to test our proposed model of PSS, POS, and turnover intention. Consistent with prior literature, our hypothesized model confirms that PSS is a predictor of POS and that POS is a predictor of turnover intention. By testing two additional competing and theoretically derived nested models, our findings indicate that job fit partially mediates the relationship between PSS and POS, and that personal sacrifice partially mediates the relationship between POS and turnover intention. Our study is among the first to examine job fit and personal sacrifice as mediators within the POS-turnover intention model.     

A closer look at decisions to quit

Aspects of March and Simon’s (1958) subjective expected utility model and a prediction of Lee and Mitchell’s (1994) unfolding model of voluntary employee turnover were tested. A policy capturing simulation that varied high, moderate, and low levels of five job characteristics was used to model voluntary turnover decision processes for 532 nurses. Survey measures of these job characteristics obtained over the next 2 years were multiplied by weights derived from nurse simulations to yield turnover likelihood estimates. These estimates exhibited 80%, 127%, and 190% more predictive power (depending on turnover operationalization) than post-employment survey estimates of turnover intention, job satisfaction, and job availability. Groups of nurses with homogeneous voluntary turnover decision models were also identified, though no groups with homogeneous job perceptions were observed. Evidence suggested nurses responded to “shocks” as predicted. March and Simon’s model of voluntary turnover was supported and implications drawn for managing voluntary nursing turnover.     

Toward a New Attrition Screening Paradigm: Latest Army Advances

Managing and reducing attrition during the first term of enlistment is a continuing priority for the services. Over the past decade, attrition rates in the Army have averaged between 25% and 30% during first-term periods of enlistment. Historically, the services have relied on education credentials, with special emphasis on possessing a high school diploma, as a primary indicator of completion rates after enlistment and as a proxy for the ability to adapt to a military lifestyle. A primary purpose of this paper is to describe Army research to develop new indicators of adaptability to augment the current system based on education credentials. This work has focused primarily on noncognitive, personality measures and how such measures can be combined with other existing measures for attrition screening during enlistment processing. These advances represent a new paradigm that relies less heavily on education credentials and can provide a more comprehensive and inclusive approach. This new approach incorporates advances in testing methodology to make it more viable for use in large-scale, high-stakes testing applications.     

A time-lagged analysis of the effect of authentic leadership on workplace bullying,burnout, and occupational turnover intentions

Destructive interpersonal experiences at work result in negative feelings among employees and negative work outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms through which bullying can lead to burnout and subsequent turnover is important for preventing and managing this problem. Leaders play a key role in shaping positive work environments by discouraging negative interpersonal experiences and behaviours. The aim of this study is twofold. Specifically we aim to examine the relationship between authentic leadership and new graduate nurses experiences of workplace bullying and burnout over a 1-year timeframe in Canadian healthcare settings. Furthermore we aim to examine the process from workplace bullying to subsequent burnout dimensions, and to job and career turnover intentions. Results of structural equation models on new graduate nurses working in acute care settings in Ontario (N = 205) provide support for the hypothesized model linking supervisor's authentic leadership, subsequent work-related bullying, and burnout, and these in turn to job and career turnover intentions. Thus, the more leaders were perceived to be authentic the less likely nurses’ were to experience subsequent work-related bullying and burnout and to want to leave their job and profession. The results highlight the important role of leadership in preventing negative employee and organizational outcomes.