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911.
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本研究以计划行为理论为理论框架,通过实验操纵实施意向,采用日记法进行为期5天的纵向追踪,考察计划行为理论的4个核心变量和实施意向如何影响拖延行为的程度及其动态过程。134名大学生在前一周末共列举了接下来5个工作日内拟完成的668项学习相关任务,随后每天报告当天的任务完成情况。多层线性模型分析结果表明:(1)行为意向中介态度和行为控制感对拖延程度的影响,主观规范影响拖延程度的直接效应显著,但经由行为意向的间接效应不显著;(2)形成实施意向能显著降低拖延程度;(3)行为控制感和实施意向加速任务完成进程,行为控制感越强,或形成实施意向,均显著加快任务完成速度。研究结果对于如何进行拖延行为的干预有一定启示和借鉴。 相似文献
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914.
阅读过程中眼动特征的发展研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对国内外有关阅读过程中眼动特征的发展研究进行了综述。国外在该领域的研究大致经历了三个阶段,而国内的有关研究虽然起步较晚,但却取得了不少研究成果,对相关内各进行了扼要的介绍,最后作者对阅读过程眼动特征的发展研究发表了自己的看法。 相似文献
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THE WORLDWIDE BURDEN OF INFANT MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL DISORDER: REPORT OF THE TASK FORCE OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR INFANT MENTAL HEALTH 下载免费PDF全文
Karlen Lyons‐Ruth Jody Todd Manly Kai Von Klitzing Tuula Tamminen Robert Emde Hiram Fitzgerald Campbell Paul Miri Keren Astrid Berg Maree Foley Hisako Watanabe 《Infant mental health journal》2017,38(6):695-705
Children worldwide experience mental and emotional disorders. Mental disorders occurring among young children, especially infants (birth –3 years), often go unrecognized. Prevalence rates are difficult to determine because of lack of awareness and difficulty assessing and diagnosing young children. Existing data, however, suggest that rates of disorders in young children are comparable to those of older children and adolescents (von Klitzing, Dohnert, Kroll, & Grube, 2015 ). The lack of widespread recognition of disorders of infancy is particularly concerning due to the unique positioning of infancy as foundational in the developmental process. Both the brain and behavior are in vulnerable states of development across the first 3 years of life, with potential for enduring deviations to occur in response to early trauma and deprivation. Intervention approaches for young children require sensitivity to their developmental needs within their families. The primacy of infancy as a time of unique foundational risks for disorder, the impact of trauma and violence on young children's development, the impact of family disruption on children's attachment, and existing literature on prevalence rates of early disorders are discussed. Finally, global priorities for addressing these disorders of infancy are highlighted to support prevention and intervention actions that may alleviate suffering among our youngest world citizens. 相似文献
917.
领导-部属交换(LMX)的回顾与展望 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
领导-部属交换理论从领导和部属的对偶关系中考察领导行为及其对下属的绩效、组织承诺等结果变量的影响。文章回顾了领导-部属交换的文献,对于它的概念、理论基础、结构、测量工具等进行了综合介绍,对不同测量工具的各自的特点以及它们之间的关系做了分析,接着总结了影响领导-部属关系的影响因素和结果变量以及与变革型领导的关系,最后提出未来研究应该加强从领导部属交换的发展阶段以及从部属或领导的角度来分析领导-部属交换理论 相似文献
918.
如何削弱产品来源国效应*—— 产品信息呈现方式的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以元认知和双系统模式的心理学理论为背景, 研究了分析式系统对来源国效应的削弱, 检验了产品信息呈现方式对来源国效应的调节作用。三个研究说明, 分析式系统的启动可以有效削弱来源国效应; 特定的产品信息呈现方式所引起的消费者信息处理不流畅性感知会激发消费者的元认知困难, 从而使他们在产品评价过程中主要依赖分析式系统, 达到削弱来源国效应的目的; 并不是所有能引起信息处理不流畅性的产品信息呈现方式都能削弱来源国效应, 过于复杂的呈现方式由于给消费者带来过多认知负荷, 反而不能成功启动分析系统, 从而无法削弱产品来源国形象对消费者产品评价的影响。 相似文献
919.
Kellen Mrkva 《决策行为杂志》2017,30(5):1052-1065
Are people intuitively generous or stingy? Does reflection make people more willing to give generous amounts to charity? Findings across the literature are mixed, with many studies finding no clear relationship between reflection and charitable giving (e.g., Hauge, Brekke, Johansson, Johansson‐Stenman, & Svedsäter, 2016 ; Tinghög et al., 2016 ), while others find that reflection negatively affects giving (e.g., Small, Loewenstein, & Slovic, 2007 ), and still others find that reflection is positively associated with giving (e.g., Lohse, Goeschl, & Diederich, 2014 ). I demonstrate that reflection consistently increases costly giving to charity. In Study 1, people were initially reluctant to give costly amounts of money to charity, but those who reflected about the decision were more willing to give. In Studies 2–3, I isolated the role of costly stakes by randomly assigning people to either an uncostly donation (Are people intuitively generous or stingy? Does reflection make people more willing to give generous amounts to charity? Findings across the literature are mixed, with many studies finding no clear relationship between reflection and charitable giving (e.g., Hauge, Brekke, Johansson, Johansson‐Stenman, & Svedsäter, 2016 ; Tinghög et al., 2016 ), while others find that reflection negatively affects giving (e.g., Small, Loewenstein, & Slovic, 2007 ), and still others find that reflection is positively associated with giving (e.g., Lohse, Goeschl, & Diederich, 2014 ). I demonstrate that reflection consistently increases costly giving to charity. In Study 1, people were initially reluctant to give costly amounts of money to charity, but those who reflected about the decision were more willing to give. In Studies 2–3, I isolated the role of costly stakes by randomly assigning people to either an uncostly donation ($0.40) or costly donation condition (e.g., $100), and randomly assigning them to decide under time pressure or after reflecting. Reflection increased their willingness to give costly amounts, but did not influence their willingness to give uncostly amounts. Similarly, the relationship between decision time and giving was positive when the stakes were costly but was relatively flat when the stakes were uncostly (Study 4). Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
920.