全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4602篇 |
免费 | 616篇 |
国内免费 | 530篇 |
专业分类
5748篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 14篇 |
2023年 | 112篇 |
2022年 | 110篇 |
2021年 | 150篇 |
2020年 | 276篇 |
2019年 | 260篇 |
2018年 | 209篇 |
2017年 | 289篇 |
2016年 | 293篇 |
2015年 | 186篇 |
2014年 | 240篇 |
2013年 | 743篇 |
2012年 | 159篇 |
2011年 | 191篇 |
2010年 | 157篇 |
2009年 | 222篇 |
2008年 | 277篇 |
2007年 | 233篇 |
2006年 | 218篇 |
2005年 | 188篇 |
2004年 | 172篇 |
2003年 | 150篇 |
2002年 | 140篇 |
2001年 | 102篇 |
2000年 | 98篇 |
1999年 | 91篇 |
1998年 | 59篇 |
1997年 | 50篇 |
1996年 | 35篇 |
1995年 | 43篇 |
1994年 | 50篇 |
1993年 | 29篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 31篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 15篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5748条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
81.
The second offspring of General Process Learning Theory: Overt behavior as the ambassador of the mind 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
Malone JC 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1982,38(2):205-209
Wasserman suggested in a recent book review that the study of intervening cognitive processes represents a current focus of interest in animal learning and that this has led to a revitalization of comparative psychology. An examination of the volume reviewed suggests that he may have overstated the case. Most of the authors to whom he refers expressed dissatisfaction with traditional stimulus-response associationism but few argued for the extreme (information processing) sort of cognitive approach described by Wasserman. 相似文献
82.
Stimulus discriminability in free-operant and discrete-trial detection procedures. 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
D McCarthy M Davison P E Jenkins 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1982,37(2):199-215
Six pigeons were trained to discriminate different light intensities in four experimental procedures. Experiment 1 compared stimulus discriminability in a yes-no signal-detection task with discriminability measures obtained from two free-operant procedures. Discriminability estimates were significantly lower in the detection procedure. Experiment 2 showed this lowered discriminability to be a function of the delay between stimulus presentation and the availability of the choice-response keys in the standard detection task. In addition, reinforcement sensitivity was lowest when correct choice responses were intermittently, rather than continuously, reinforced. 相似文献
83.
While there are philosophical and theoretical differences between neuropsychologists and behavior therapists, it is suggested that a significant reconciliation can be achieved in regard to assessment and treatment of the brain-damaged patient. While brain damage is often viewed as an irreversible disorder, there is evidence that substantial recovery of function can occur, particularly when adequate retraining is provided. There are practical and empirical considerations that suggest that neuropsychological tests are currently the best tools available for behavioral assessment of brain-damaged patients. However, the results of these tests can be used not only diagnostically but also to identify target behavioral deficits that may be rehabilitated through systematic retraining efforts. Such rehabilitation efforts can be optimally planned, implemented, and evaluated through an alliance between the neuropsychologist, who identifies the ability and deficit pattern, and the behavior therapist, who devises and evaluates the retraining program. It is possible that the successes of behavior therapy in numerous clinical and educational applications can be repeated in the cases of brain-damaged patients. However, such success would appear to be contingent on appreciation of the high degree of specificity often seen in neurological deficit patterns and the great complexities involved in the relationships between brain function and behavior. 相似文献
84.
Hartmann DP 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1977,10(1):103-116
Two types of interobserver reliability values may be needed in treatment studies in which observers constitute the primary data-acquisition system: trial reliability and the reliability of the composite unit or score which is subsequently analyzed, e.g., daily or weekly session totals. Two approaches to determining interobserver reliability are described: percentage agreement and "correlational" measures of reliability. The interpretation of these estimates, factors affecting their magnitude, and the advantages and limitations of each approach are presented. 相似文献
85.
Concurrent schedules: a quantitative relation between changeover behavior and its consequences 总被引:5,自引:5,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
Data from several published experiments on concurrent variable-interval schedules were analyzed with respect to the effects of changeover delay on the time spent responding on a schedule before changing to an alternate schedule: i.e., the interchangeover time. Interchangeover time increases as the duration of the changeover delay increases, and the present analysis shows that a power function describes the relation. The power relation applied in spite of numerous differences in the experiments: different variable-interval schedules for the concurrent pairs; equal or unequal reinforcement rates for the schedules of the concurrent pairs; different durations of the changeover delay; response-dependent or response-independent reinforcers; pigeons or rats as subjects; different reinforcers. A power function also described the data in experiments where the changeover incurred a timeout, where a fixed ratio was required to changeover, and also when asymmetrical changeover delays were used. 相似文献
86.
Huynh Huynh 《Psychometrika》1977,42(4):601-608
Two simple classes of mastery scores which are suitable for hand calculations are presented for beta-binomial test score distributions
combined with linear and cubic referral success. The models provide a simple way to explore the consequences of selecting
an arbitrary mastery score. Such assessment would be useful whenever the test user is not willing to posta priori a loss ratio, but wishes to look at the various consequences before aiming at a particular score. 相似文献
87.
Mark L. Davison 《Psychometrika》1976,41(2):233-247
A quadratic programming algorithm is presented for fitting Carroll's weighted unfolding model for preferences to known multidimensional scale values. The algorithm can be applied directly to pairwise preferences; it permits nonnegativity constraints on subject weights; and it provides a means of testing various preference model hypotheses. While basically metric, it can be combined with Kruskal's monotone regression to fit ordinal data. Monte Carlo results show that (a) adequacy of true preference recovery depends on the number of data points and the amount of error, and (b) the proportion of data variance accounted for by the model sometimes only approximately reflects true recovery.This study is based on a doctoral dissertation submitted to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The author wishes to thank the members of his dissertation committee—Lawrence E. Jones, Chairman, Charles Lewis, Stephen Golding, Ledyard Tucker, and Nancy Wiggins—for their helpful comments. 相似文献
88.
理想情感是人们期望获得的情感状态。情感评估理论认为文化对理想情感的塑造有着重要影响,主要的影响途径有文化体验、文化价值观和社会文化变化。理想情感对个体会产生具有文化特异性的影响,主要会影响个体的偏好及选择行为、混合情绪体验、身心健康和社会认知决策。理想情感研究未来发展可以着眼于4个方向:使用纵向视角研究理想情感,进一步探索理想情感的前因变量,打造适合中国文化的心理健康标准和通过认识理想情感来消除文化隔阂。 相似文献
89.
动机连续体是对内部动机、外部动机进行整合的心理学概念,其对内部动机和外部动机的争论提出了不同的假设。从大理论(grand theory)视角出发,对涉及上述两个概念的理论进行梳理,将自我决定理论与其他相关理论进行整合。由此展开对内部动机、外部动机结构的讨论,总结了动机的单维结构、多维结构和复杂结构假设下的理论新进展,分别论述在拮抗效应、累加效应和其他复杂效应等假设下动机对结果变量的影响,并展开不同效应对实践应用的讨论。 相似文献
90.
Chen-Wei Liu Robert Philip Chalmers 《The British journal of mathematical and statistical psychology》2021,74(1):118-138
Using Louis’ formula, it is possible to obtain the observed information matrix and the corresponding large-sample standard error estimates after the expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm has converged. However, Louis’ formula is commonly de-emphasized due to its relatively complex integration representation, particularly when studying latent variable models. This paper provides a holistic overview that demonstrates how Louis’ formula can be applied efficiently to item response theory (IRT) models and other popular latent variable models, such as cognitive diagnostic models (CDMs). After presenting the algebraic components required for Louis’ formula, two real data analyses, with accompanying numerical illustrations, are presented. Next, a Monte Carlo simulation is presented to compare the computational efficiency of Louis’ formula with previously existing methods. Results from these presentations suggest that Louis’ formula should be adopted as a standard method when computing the observed information matrix for IRT models and CDMs fitted with the EM algorithm due to its computational efficiency and flexibility. 相似文献