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801.
周霞 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2011,(7):34-35
探讨进展性缺血性脑卒中(SIP)的相关危险因素。选择德州市人民医院1999年~2009年163例SIP患者,首先对18个变量行单因素分析,然后对阳性变量行多因素Logistic逐步回归分析,筛选SIP发生的相关危险因素。高血压史、感染、加拿大卒中量表(CNS)评分、高血糖、TG、纤维蛋白原、脑水肿、颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄... 相似文献
802.
Richard D. Morey Jeffrey N. Rouder Michael S. Pratte Paul L. Speckman 《Journal of mathematical psychology》2011,55(5):368-378
One of the most important methodological problems in psychological research is assessing the reasonableness of null models, which typically constrain a parameter to a specific value such as zero. Bayes factor has been recently advocated in the statistical and psychological literature as a principled means of measuring the evidence in data for various models, including those where parameters are set to specific values. Yet, it is rarely adopted in substantive research, perhaps because of the difficulties in computation. Fortunately, for this problem, the Savage–Dickey density ratio (Dickey & Lientz, 1970) provides a conceptually simple approach to computing Bayes factor. Here, we review methods for computing the Savage–Dickey density ratio, and highlight an improved method, originally suggested by Gelfand and Smith (1990) and advocated by Chib (1995), that outperforms those currently discussed in the psychological literature. The improved method is based on conditional quantities, which may be integrated by Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling to estimate Bayes factors. These conditional quantities efficiently utilize all the information in the MCMC chains, leading to accurate estimation of Bayes factors. We demonstrate the method by computing Bayes factors in one-sample and one-way designs, and show how it may be implemented in WinBUGS. 相似文献
803.
大连市健康体检成人甲状腺结节流行病学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究对2009年6月至2010年6月大连市成人健康体检10 357例,进行甲状腺结节的流行病学和危险因素分析。结果表明甲状腺结节的总体患病率为43.79%,男性和女性分别为37.75%和50.77%,女性患病率高于男性,且与年龄有非常明显的关系。另外,甲状腺结节的危险因素为不良的生活和工作方式,尤其是饮食习惯,不同性... 相似文献
804.
目的:了解高中生的绝望感、自杀意念状况,分析中学生自杀意念的保护性因素的作用机制,为自杀的心理干预提供必要的支持。方法:采用分层整群抽样法抽取在校高中生300人,利用应对效能量表、贝克绝望量表和自杀意念量表等进行调查分析。结果:自杀意念者的检出率为15%,数量分布无性别、年级和独生子女上的差异;应对效能、家庭亲密度和适应性和乐观主义与自杀意念呈显著负相关,对自杀意念有显著的负向影响;乐观主义在应对效能、家庭亲密度和适应性对自杀意念的影响种起部分中介作用。结论:应对效能、家庭亲密度和适应性和乐观主义是自杀意念的重要保护性因素;应对效能、家庭亲密度和适应性通过乐观主义对自杀意念产生影响。 相似文献
805.
Kouta Horiguchi 《The Japanese psychological research》2024,66(1):28-40
Longitudinal relationships between organizational factors and autonomous and controlled motivation among older Japanese bridge employees were investigated. The study sample consisted of 331 older people working in bridge employment at the same organizations where they worked before retirement (Mage = 63.45 years, SD = 3.28 years). Data were taken at two time points 10 months apart. Multiple regression analysis indicated that organizational justice predicted autonomous motivation at Time 2, after controlling for demographic variables and autonomous motivation at Time 1, whereas organizational justice did not predict controlled motivation. Moreover, support from coworkers positively predicted autonomous motivation and negatively predicted controlled motivation at Time 2. These results indicate that optimal organizational environments might promote autonomous motivation and reduce controlled motivation among older workers. It is suggested that organizations develop environments where older workers can receive fair evaluations from their superiors and close relationships with their coworkers. 相似文献
806.
Primary objective: The study's primary objective was to investigate the experiences of gay and lesbian therapists, when considering self‐disclosure of their sexual orientation to straight (i.e. heterosexual) clients. This qualitative study set out to ascertain the key factors gay therapists take into account when considering this decision and to explore the effects this self‐disclosure may have on themselves, their clients and their therapeutic relationships. Research design: The research design was based on the use of semi‐structured interviews, undertaken with a non‐random, purposive sample of counsellors and psychotherapists (n=8) in current practice. The rationale for this method was to aid exploration of therapists' experiences of the process of self‐disclosure. Methods and procedures: Inclusion criteria were for therapists who self‐identified as being gay or lesbian, and who were experienced in clinical work with straight clients. Transcribed data was analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Main outcomes and results: Some therapists reported being confident with self‐disclosure relating to their own sexual orientation. However, a common theme related to the reportedly high levels of anxiety and vulnerability, which therapists identified. Key themes emerged around: respondents' fears of client judgement; a need for therapist self‐protection; self‐awareness of the potential impact of their own fears and prejudices on the therapeutic relationship; and the potential relevance of internalised homophobia, as an overall constraining factor. Conclusions: Self‐disclosure of their sexual orientation to straight clients is constructed, in this initial survey, as being potentially problematic and risky for some gay therapists. 相似文献
807.
本研究主要考察不同动机和材料因素对学习判断的影响。采用标准R-J-R实验程序,运用有意义与无意义词对对120名被试进行实验。结果发现:(1)成就目标、记忆自我效能、材料因素对JOL有显著影响,材料因素对JOL影响最大,记忆自我效能次之,成就目标最小;(2)成就目标与记忆自我效能存在交互作用对JOL有显著影响;(3)成就目标以记忆自我效能为中介影响JOL;(4)JOL准确性与回忆成绩存在显著正相关。 相似文献
808.
Peter R. Giancola Robert M. Roth Dominic J. Parrott 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2006,28(4):211-221
The present investigation tested the hypothesis that executive functioning (EF) would mediate the relation between difficult temperament (DT) and aggressive behavior. This model was tested in 310 adult men and women. DT was measured using the Dimensions of Temperament Scale—Revised, EF was measured using 7 well-established neuropsychological tests, and aggression was assessed using the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire. EF successfully mediated the DT–aggression relation for men, however, the model did not hold for women. Results are discussed with regard to how they influence current models of aggressive behavior as well as their implications for future violence prevention efforts. 相似文献
809.
我国脑卒中的经济负担及影响因素分析——临床决策要关注病人的经济负担 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过综合近10年来的脑卒中经济负担的相关文献,主要描述了我国脑卒中的直接经济负担和间接经济负担,并对其经济负担的影响因素作了分析,提出了减轻脑卒中的经济负担的有效途径,表明关注病人的经济负担是临床决策的重要课题。 相似文献
810.
颞颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorder,TMD)是口腔颌面部常见的疾病之一。TMD病因比较复杂,目前认为是多种因素作用的结果,主要为心理因素、牙合因素等。但是目前对于心理因素在TMD的发生、发展、治疗和转归方面,很多学者尚持有异议。运用系统论中的整体性原则、动态性原则、系统涨落理论、综合性原则和最佳化原则等阐明如何才能获得对心理因素在TMD中的作用的全面认识,并指出重视心理因素在TMD中的作用也是顺应医学模式转变,体现人文关怀的需要。 相似文献