论信息化生产方式的产生与马克思主义伦理的发展（下）

信息化生产方式的产生会给人类的伦理带来诸多新变动、新发展和新要求 ,因此 ,科学地分析信息化生产方式的产生对资本的益与忧 ,正确地看待信息化生产方式与马克思主义伦理发展的关系是我们必须面临的任务。     

颈动脉病变的治疗现状

颈动脉病变尤其是颈动脉狭窄治疗上的分歧,颈动脉内膜切除术受欧美学者推崇,颈动脉支架成形技术受国内学者青睐,本文就近年来的文献复习发现颈动脉内膜切除术和颈动脉支架成形术各有相宜的适应证,各有优缺点,根据各自医院的设备条件、医师对颈动脉内膜切除术和颈动脉支架成形术熟悉程度来开展工作,对颈动脉狭窄治疗均有益处,存在的问题和困...     

后纵韧带骨化患者手术方式的选择及临床效果分析

通过研究颈椎后纵韧带骨化患者的不同手术方式对术后效果的影响,回顾性对分别行前路、后路手术治疗的颈椎后纵韧带骨化患者127例进行5年～10年的随访并依据手术前后不同时期的影像学结果及神经功能改善情况进行分析,探讨椎管狭窄率和颈椎序列变化等因素对手术方式的选择及术后疗效的影响。结果显示,前路手术组术后能够维持并改善颈椎前凸...     

冠脉介入治疗合理临床应用的思维基础

冠心病的发病率逐年升高,死亡率居高不下,成为威胁人类健康的重要疾病。人们为了攻克这一难题进行了不懈的工作,溶栓、监护及介入治疗的出现挽救了众多生命。随着冠状动脉介入治疗方法的不断完善和广泛开展,冠状动脉介入治疗越来越成为冠心病治疗的主要临床手段。但随之而来的手术并发症、支架在狭窄等问题成为不得不考虑的问题。治疗策略的选...     

论《易经》的英译与世界传播

翻译是人类交流与传播史上最古老最复杂的文化现象,从17世纪以来,世界上各种语言和风格的不同<易经>翻译版本就层出不穷.<易经>英语翻译对世界影响重大,但长期以来存在多方面的有待解决的问题.本论旨在通过探讨<易经>英译的相关问题以寻找在新世纪全球化语境下<易经>翻译的改进与<易经>世界传播的新思路.     

暴食症的诊断、治疗及其疗效

暴食症已成为目前世界上广泛流行的三大进食障碍之一,我国患者亦不在少数并有增加之势,但对暴食症的研究与治疗尚属起步阶段。文章回顾了暴食症的表征及其诊断技术,简要介绍了常见的三种治疗方法（即行为疗法、认知疗法及伴随症状改善法）,并讨论了影响暴食症疗效的诸个体因素。暴食症的诊断主要是根据美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册第四版（DSM-IV）、进食障碍检测评估表（EDE）（治疗者用）和患者用进食障碍检测问卷（EDE-Q）（患者用）,并结合过往病史和伴随症状。三类治疗方法在理论与操作层面各有倚重,均可收到一定治疗效果。但各疗法的效果与预后会因患者而异甚或迥乎相异,这是因为暴食症疗效还受到患者自身人格、社会和认知诸因素的影响,治疗者应根据特定患者选择适合该患者的疗法。     

癌症化疗患者护患沟通环节流程化模式初探

在癌症化疗患者的整体护理中,护患沟通较之躯体护理更具挑战性,表现为沟通难做、效果难评、学生难带、绩效难考。作者尝试一种模式,把护患沟通的各环节工作流程化、任务表格化,即首先按精心设计的流程及内容完成针对性调查,找出影响与患者沟通的有关因素及患者最为关注的问题,针对性地运用各种沟通技巧逐一沟通,实现护患沟通的个体化和差异化,同时使护患沟通环节工作有模式、效果有评价、教学有路径、考核有标准。     

The challenge of becoming an integrative counsellor: The trainee's perspective

Aim: Integrative therapeutic practice is commonplace within the UK. Counsellors and psychotherapists increasingly report working in this way and numerous training courses have developed which advocate such practice. Despite its popularity, researchers have paid little attention to the impact that such training has upon students. This study therefore explores newly qualified counsellors' reflections of undertaking professional training in integrative counselling. Design: Newly qualified counsellors were invited to take part in a focus group to discuss their training experiences. Two groups were held involving a total of seven people. The data generated was analysed using Grounded Theory. Findings: The core-category ‘The challenge of becoming an integrative counsellor’ was identified. Embedded within this were four sub-categories: (1) ‘training issues’, (2) ‘applied issues’, (3) ‘the development of an integrative theory and identity’, and (4) ‘the impact of integrative training post qualification’. Key findings include the willingness of trainees to tolerate theoretical ambiguity and the discomfort that surrounded not belonging to a pure paradigm community. Discussion: Recommendations are made that trainers and practice supervisors are mindful of the distinct struggles that integrative trainees encounter. Additionally, in response to the isolation that some trainees report, greater use of peer support networks is encouraged.     

想象未来的认知加工成分及其脑网络

合理预期和想象未来事件或场景, 有利于个体做出适应性反应, 促进生存与发展。近年来, 研究者对想象未来的认知加工成分和神经机制进行了深入探讨, 提出了想象未来的相关概念和理论。我们首先概述了想象未来实验常用的思维采样范式和词语-线索范式, 接着介绍了想象未来的自我参照加工、心理场景构建等认知加工成分。此外, 特别介绍了想象未来的默认网络模型以及与之相关的其他大尺度脑网络, 并进一步提出了想象未来的脑网络研究框架。未来的研究可从想象未来的动态脑网络、复杂脑网络以及与疾病的关系等角度入手, 深入探究想象未来的神经机制。     

Testing boundary conditions for the conjunction fallacy: effects of response mode, conceptual focus, and problem type

Two experiments used within-subject designs to examine how conjunction errors depend on the use of (1) choice versus estimation tasks, (2) probability versus frequency language, and (3) conjunctions of two likely events versus conjunctions of likely and unlikely events. All problems included a three-option format verified to minimize misinterpretation of the base event. In both experiments, conjunction errors were reduced when likely events were conjoined. Conjunction errors were also reduced for estimations compared with choices, with this reduction greater for likely conjuncts, an interaction effect. Shifting conceptual focus from probabilities to frequencies did not affect conjunction error rates. Analyses of numerical estimates for a subset of the problems provided support for the use of three general models by participants for generating estimates. Strikingly, the order in which the two tasks were carried out did not affect the pattern of results, supporting the idea that the mode of responding strongly determines the mode of thinking about conjunctions and hence the occurrence of the conjunction fallacy. These findings were evaluated in terms of implications for rationality of human judgment and reasoning.