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我国古代的隐逸发生很早,至迟在商周之际就有不少可信的例子,到春秋时期成为一种普遍社会现象。对于隐逸,管、晏进行了具体分析,给予隐士客观评价,并主张国家积极征召隐士。管、晏的隐逸观与他们自身经历有关,也是其“举贤授能”人才思想的一部分。管、晏招隐士的主张,对于当时诸侯笼络人才、赢取民心、稳定社会具有积极作用。 相似文献
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关于同性恋的成因, 进化心理学家有不同的解释, 主要包括杂合优势、女性多产、超突变、亲族选择、群体选择、同盟形成以及父母操纵七种理论假说。在系统地介绍这些理论假说的基础上比较了各理论之间的优缺点, 并将其与其他流派的观点做对比, 以期发现更具说服力的模型。未来的研究应该注意同性恋的性别差异、影响性取向基因的确切位置等。 相似文献
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NI Liangkang 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2014,9(2):241-253
Husserl the philosopher personally experienced World War I breaking out 100 years ago. Like most German and Austrian commoners, at the initial stage of the war, Husserl was extremely passionate for it. After undergoing the cruelty of war and losing many relatives and friends, he was once enmeshed in extreme confusion and disappointment, albeit he still made every effort to offer spiritual and ethical support to the soldiers at the front. Along with the proceeding of the war, he soon changed his views with respect to this war and confessed that more and deeper reflections were needed to address issues about problems of nationality, super-national ethics and about problems of wars relevant to them. He made philosophical theoretical reflections with regard to this war after it ended, and presented, eventually, requirements for himself: to be satisfied with taking the possibility of the practical activities of philosophy as the topic of philosophical theoretical study and to give up, in drastic fashion, the intention in such philosophical practices as providing political proposals and exerting political influences, "living purely as a scientific philosopher." 相似文献
36.
文章在Hong, Chao, Yang & Rosner (2010)的基础上, 从理论心理学的视角继续探讨了“什么是好的理论”。文章认为, 在传统经验主义的视野中, 好的理论必须根源于经验, 从经验观察中进行提炼和抽象, 并最终由经验事实来进行证实或证伪。它认为:(1)理论是对事实的归纳和抽象; (2)理论是对事实的解释; (3)理论是实验假设的来源; (4)理论的发展是一个知识可累加的过程。但是, 随着哲学、心理学的发展, 当代人们关于理论的看法正在逐渐进入后经验主义时代。它主要持以下观点:(1)理论不只是经验事实的归纳与概括, 非经验的理论思辨本身也可能提出创新性的理论; (2)理论具有解释、预测的功能, 但更重要的是具有批判与反思的功能; (3)理论不一定是经验事实中的“发现”, 还可能是心理学家联盟的一种“发明”或“共识”; (4)理论的发展不一定是知识累积式的, 还可能是不可通约的不同范式之间的转换。在这种理论观下, 与经验证据的相符不再是判断“好的理论”的唯一或关键的标准, 人们可以在概念与逻辑、价值观与意识形态、修辞与叙事、应用与实践等不同的层次和水平上对理论展开评价。 相似文献
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Individual coping is identified as an important factor in relation to health and well-being. Although several coping scales have been developed, key terms of coping such as nature and a number of primary and secondary factors (dimensions) are obscure. Coping scales, such as those that have been developed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), have been criticized for poor psychometric properties, yet the critique so far does not evaluate development of the scales against best test-theoretical practice. The present study reviews six adolescent coping scales against ten detailed psychometric criteria in relation to statistical choices throughout the process of scale development. All six scales measured poorly on several criteria. Best practice had not been followed throughout their development and they suffered serious psychometric limitations. These findings indicate that there still is empirical research to be pursued in search of latent constructs and possible dimensions of coping through the implementation of EFA. 相似文献
38.
试论理论心理学及其应用价值 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
理论心理学是近20年来涌现出的新学科。这是一门以理论思维方法对心理学的基本问题和规律进行探索的科学,已逐渐汇成为心理学各分支学科的理论基础。理论心理学在心理学中的地位,就应像理论物理学、理论化学在物理学和化学中一样,是心理学的学科体系中一个极为重要和不可缺少的组成部分。理论心理学并不是抽象的哲学建构,它也十分关注实践应用问题。当前理论心理学在西方已出现了两种比较成熟的行动应用模式。 相似文献
39.
文章在扩展博弈上,给出了多值逻辑的语义赋值博弈的一般框架,避免了博弈者在多值逻辑的语义博弈中声明无穷对象的问题;然后通过Eloise赢的策略定义博弈的语义概念——赋值,证明了多值逻辑的博弈语义与Tarski语义是等价的;最后,根据语义赋值博弈框架对经典逻辑进行了博弈化。 相似文献
40.
Mary Dougherty 《The Journal of analytical psychology》2008,53(5):607-614
Abstract: Kernberg and others have observed that psychoanalytic education has tended to promote the acquisition of theoretical knowledge and clinical technique within an atmosphere of indoctrination rather than of exploration. As a corrective, he proposed four models that correspond to values in psychoanalytic education: the art academy, the technical trade school, the religious seminary and the university. He commended models of the university and art academy to our collective attention because of their combined effectiveness in providing for the objective and subjective education of candidates: the university model for its capacity to provide a critical sense of a wide range of theories in an atmosphere tolerating debate and difference, and the art academy model for its capacity to facilitate the expression of individual creativity. In this paper, I will explore the art academy model for correspondences between artistic and analytic trainings that can enhance the development of the creative subjectivity of psychoanalytic candidates. I will draw additional correspondences between analytic and artistic learning that can enhance psychoanalytic education. 相似文献