全文获取类型
收费全文 | 456篇 |
免费 | 151篇 |
国内免费 | 112篇 |
专业分类
719篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 12篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 19篇 |
2020年 | 45篇 |
2019年 | 32篇 |
2018年 | 52篇 |
2017年 | 29篇 |
2016年 | 27篇 |
2015年 | 28篇 |
2014年 | 34篇 |
2013年 | 69篇 |
2012年 | 34篇 |
2011年 | 32篇 |
2010年 | 20篇 |
2009年 | 28篇 |
2008年 | 19篇 |
2007年 | 12篇 |
2006年 | 25篇 |
2005年 | 22篇 |
2004年 | 13篇 |
2003年 | 17篇 |
2002年 | 17篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有719条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
81.
82.
Hugo E. Reyes‐Huerta Cristiano V. dos Santos 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2016,106(2):117-133
Human delay discounting is usually studied with experimental protocols that use symbols to express delay and amount. In order to further understand discounting, we evaluated whether the absence of numbers to represent reward amounts affects discount rate in general, and whether the magnitude effect is generalized to nonsymbolic situations in particular. In Experiment 1, human participants were exposed to a delay‐discounting task in which rewards were presented using dots to represent monetary rewards (nonsymbolic); under this condition the magnitude effect did not occur. Nevertheless, the magnitude effect was observed when equivalent reward amounts were presented using numbers (symbolic). Moreover, in estimation tasks, magnitude increments produced underestimation of large amounts. In Experiment 2, participants were exposed only to the nonsymbolic discounting task and were required to estimate reward amounts in each trial. Consistent with Experiment 1, the absence of numbers representing reward amounts produced similar discount rates of small and large rewards. These results suggest that value of nonsymbolic rewards is a nonlinear function of amount and that value attribution depends on perceived difference between the immediate and the delayed nonsymbolic rewards. 相似文献
83.
Effects of signaling on temporal control of behavior in response‐initiated fixed intervals 下载免费PDF全文
Adam E. Fox Elizabeth G. E. Kyonka 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2016,106(3):210-224
Behavior and events distributed in time can serve as markers that signal delays to future events. The majority of timing research has focused on how behavior changes as the time to some event, usually food availability, decreases. The primary objective of the two experiments presented here was to assess how behavior changes as time passes between two time markers when the first time marker was manipulated but the second, food delivery, was held constant. Pigeons were exposed to fixed‐interval, response‐initiated fixed‐interval, and signaled response‐initiated fixed‐interval 15‐ and 30‐s schedules of reinforcement. In Experiment 1, first‐response latencies were systematically shorter in the signaled response‐initiated schedules than response‐initiated schedules, suggesting that the first response was a more effective time marker when it was signaled. In Experiment 2, responding in no‐food (i.e. “peak”) trials indicated that timing accuracy was equivalent in the three schedule types. Compared to fixed interval schedules, timing precision was reduced in the signaled response‐initiated schedules and was lowest in response‐initiated schedules. Results from Experiments 1 and 2 coupled with previous research suggest that the overall “informativeness” of a time marker relative to other events and behaviors in the environment may determine its efficacy. 相似文献
84.
85.
Dispositional optimism is typically defined in terms of generalized positive expectancies for personal future life outcomes. Yet, multiple lines of inquiry have demonstrated fundamental interconnections among all three temporal perspectives (past, present, and future). Hence, in the present work, we examine the commonality underlying dispositional optimism and individuals’ evaluations of their past, present, and anticipated future lives. Results (n = 459; 80% female; M age = 19.68) suggest that dispositional optimism loads strongly on an underlying (latent) tendency to evaluate one’s life positively across temporal perspectives. This latent tendency was significantly associated with each Big Five personality dimension; independent of this latent tendency dispositional optimism was associated only with neuroticism. Controlling for personality dimensions, the latent tendency was predictive of positive functioning (mental health, coping, physical health, and social resources); in contrast, independent of this latent tendency dispositional optimism had no significant residual associations with any of the various functioning indicators. 相似文献
86.
87.
88.
89.
Support for a theory of memory for event duration must distinguish between test-trial ambiguity and actual memory loss 下载免费PDF全文
Zentall TR 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1999,72(3):467-472
Staddon and Higa's (1999) trace-strength theory of timing and memory for event duration can account for pigeons' bias to "choose short" when retention intervals are introduced and to "choose long" when, following training with a fixed retention interval, retention intervals are shortened. However, it does not account for the failure of pigeons to choose short when the intertrial interval is distinct from the retention interval. That finding suggests that stimulus generalization (or ambiguity) between the intertrial interval and the retention interval may result in an effect that has been attributed to memory loss. Such artifacts must be eliminated before a theory of memory for event duration can be adequately tested. 相似文献
90.
一种对动物学习记忆能力突变筛查的新途 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. R. Gallistel A. P. King A. M. Daniel D. Freestone E. B. Papachristos F. Balci A. Kheifets 张靖 X. Su G. Schiff H. Kourtev 《心理学报》2010,42(1):138-158
本文详细描述了一种全自动化的行为检测方案。在自然饲养环境/检测环境(24/7)中, 我们测量了小鼠针对两个给食器中获得食物的比例与它们在相应给食器停留时长的比例进行匹配的精确性与准确性。该方案是对传统条件性习得 (trials-to-acquisition) 行为测验设备的改进, 可以检测动物时间间隔能力的精确性与准确性, 对定时目标选择的相关概率的效果, 以及记忆一天中从不同给食器中获得食物次数的精确性与准确性。该压缩系统避免了在整个实验过程中对小鼠的持握操作, 可忽略实验者/技术员的实验操作时间, 而且可以递送小鼠置入实验环境后, 7~9个实验日中全部3组实验流程产生的大量结果。其中, 第一个实验流程为单个24小时周期内完成的时间匹配能力的筛查, 它对动物的时间、空间估计能力的记忆机制进行精确检测。因此, 该系统允许在有限的实验空间、较短的实验周期内, 对大量的实验小鼠进行有可能存在的学习记忆能力缺陷进行大规模筛查。此外, 该系统运行所依赖的软件可以在公共开放平台获得。 相似文献