冲突对绩效的影响：个体、团队宜人性的调节作用

以往个体和团队冲突研究主要考察了个人特征或团队特征对冲突结果的影响, 而尚未充分关注冲突管理过程中个体特征与团队特征间的交互效应。基于个人-团队匹配理论, 本研究探讨了个体层面宜人性与团队层面宜人性异质性对团队中个体冲突(关系冲突、任务冲突)和工作绩效间关系的影响。基于来自64个银行服务团队(包含339名下属和64名主管)的多来源、多时点纵向数据, 本研究所得结果显示：(1)关系冲突显著负向影响工作绩效, 任务冲突对工作绩效的影响不显著。(2)个体宜人性能够显著减弱关系冲突对工作绩效的负面影响, 而增强任务冲突对工作绩效的正向影响。(3)关系/任务冲突、个体宜人性和团队宜人性异质性间存在着三重交互效应, 共同影响工作绩效。具体而言, 当团队宜人性异质性水平较低时, 个体宜人性对关系/任务冲突与工作绩效间关系的调节作用更加显著。     

Relationships,not boundaries

The authors find it more useful to payattention to relationships than to boundaries.By focusing attention on bounded, individualpsychological issues, the metaphor ofboundaries can distract helping professionalsfrom thinking about inequities of power. Itoversimplifies a complex issue, inviting us toignore discourses around gender, race, class,culture, and the like that support injustice,abuse, and exploitation. Making boundaries acentral metaphor for ethical practice can keepus from critically examining the effects ofdistance, withdrawal, and non-participation.The authors describe how it is possible toexamine the practical, moral, and ethicaleffects of our participation in relationshipsby focusing on just relationships rather thanon boundaries. They give illustrations andclinical examples of relationally-focusedethical practices that derive from a narrativeapproach to therapy.     

Feedback and its effectiveness in a computer-aided personalized system of instruction course

In a computer-managed version of Keller's personalized system of instruction, students received frequent feedback from more advanced students within the course. Overall accuracy of student-provided feedback was 87%, and students complied with 61% of the feedback.     

发掘情感策略的实验研究

将对内含隐性情感因素的教材内容实施情感性处理的一种策略——发掘情感策略运用于语文教学,进行现场的教学实验研究。研究结果表明：在内含隐性情感因素的文科教材内容中,可以运用发掘情感策略来对其进行情感性处理;这对促进学生的认知学习和情感发展、提高课堂教学质量是有效的。     

Democracy in Education

The point of departure in this article is the Danish debate about democracyin schools. This article presents a first step in a study of how the relationshipbetween democracy and education can be understood. A juxtaposition of thetwo concepts requires, first of all, an analysis of how the concept of democracyis used in the educational debate. In this article three models of democracy areapplied as an analytical framework: a liberal model (Hobbes, Locke, Kant, Rawls,Dworkin), a communitarian model (MacIntyre, Sandel, Nussbaum) and a communicative/deliberativemodel (Walzer, Benhabib, Taylor, Habermas). Numerous contradictions and tensionsbetween concepts of democracy and education can be found in such a juxtaposition,depending on which conception of democracy one chooses to apply. In this articleI discuss which conception affords us the most meaningful concept of democraticteaching. As an introduction, a brief historical overview of the interplay betweendemocracy and education in Danish school is provided.     

DEVELOPING FLUENCY AND ENDURANCE IN A CHILD DIAGNOSED WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER

We examined the effect of a teaching method on skill fluency and on‐task endurance of a 9‐year‐old boy who had been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. An academic task that occurred at low fluency during 10‐min baseline sessions was taught to fluency. When responding was not yet fluent, brief reversals to baseline showed that the learner's rate of responding decreased and that he did not spend entire sessions on task. However, once a fluency goal had been reached, responding remained fluent and he remained on task in the third reversal condition.     

团队情绪研究述评及展望

团队情绪指不同团队成员情感成分的整合状况。通过搜索2000年以来国内外重要学术期刊的相关研究,介绍了团队情绪的组成成分以及团队情绪研究方法,梳理出团队情绪的形成过程,从团队情绪规范、不同情绪状态和特指情绪三方面回顾了团队情绪对团队产出的影响。最后总结了团队情绪的主要研究路径和研究方法,明确指出探索团队情绪这一重要心理变量将会深化团队研究     

分子生物学视野下结构和功能的关系与临床疾病

分子生物学作为一门新兴学科,代表了生命科学研究领域的前沿,新理论、新技术、新成果层出不穷。生物大分子结构与功能关系的研究对分子生物学的发展起着极其重要的推动作用,是分子生物学科研和教学的主题,也为探索疾病的本质和规律提供了新思路。     

农村中医药人才的培养机制探讨

目前农村中医药人员的人员状况和从业素质令人担忧,主要存在人数减少、人员学识低下、临床能力不足等问题。发展中医药事业,重点是加强中医药人才的教育,培养出一批农村中医药人才骨干队伍,从而满足农村基层对中医药卫生医疗保健的需要。     

团队后援行为及其相关因素

团队后援行为指成员间的作业互助行为,使团队能动态地调整分配资源和能力,从而提高团队绩效。文章首先介绍后援与组织公民行为、关系绩效等概念的异同。然后介绍影响后援行为的三大类因素：个体因素、团队因素、组织因素。再介绍后援行为的两种测量方法：非判断性测量和判断性测量法。最后对今后的研究提出几点启示。