An Analysis of Certain Effects of Bilateral Temporal Lobectomy in the Rhesus Monkey,with Special Reference to “Psychic Blindness”

Southern, black, poverty-level, female subjects were classified as Actives, Dropouts, or Never-Beens in regard to attendance at a family-planning clinic. The subjects took a story-telling test designed for lower social class subjects and rated a variety of persons and activities along semantic differential dimensions. Women who had dropped out were significantly lower than the other groups in their needs for achievement and for controlling life events. Actives perceived more difficulty in controlling events. Several significant differences were also found in the semantic differential ratings. The results can be interpreted to yield a consistent set of hypotheses about motivations related to birth control decisions.     

The Interaction Concept in Scientific Discourse and in the Analysis of Variance

The article discusses the meaning of the interaction concept in scientific discourse and in the analysis of variance and the correspondence between the two. Reasons and examples are given to show that the correspondence is poor. It is recommended that the researcher pay more attention to substantive interactions, of which one way is by using assessment means that are sensitive to the such interactions.     

Practical Tools and Guidelines for Exploring and Fitting Linear and Nonlinear Dynamical Systems Models

A dynamical system is a system of variables that show some regularity in how they evolve over time. Change concepts described in most dynamical systems models are by no means novel to social and behavioral scientists, but most applications of dynamic modeling techniques in these disciplines are grounded on a narrow subset of—typically linear—theories of change. I provide practical guidelines, recommendations, and software code for exploring and fitting dynamical systems models with linear and nonlinear change functions in the context of four illustrative examples. Cautionary notes, challenges, and unresolved issues in utilizing these techniques are discussed.     

Modeling Female Social Aggression: Predictors from Multiple Developmental Contexts

A diverse array of proposed antecedents of social aggression (SA) were examined in two studies. This work is informed by ecological systems theory and examined predictors from the micro- and mesosystems. In Study 1, women (n?=?284). completed measures of aggression, digit ratio, emotional intelligence (EI), agreeableness, parenting styles, attachment insecurity with parents and peers, and television (TV) consumption. Aggression correlated with EI, agreeableness, parental authoritarianism, attachment insecurity with fathers and peers, and TV consumption; these variables accounted for 22% of the variance in SA. Father attachment insecurity moderated the TV-SA association, suggesting that positive experiences with parents can buffer negative effects of TV consumption. Study 2 aimed to increase the predictive power of the model. Females (n?=?115) completed measures of aggression, digit ratio, EI, agreeableness, parental authoritarianism, interparental conflict, dominance goals, popularity goals, physical appearance comparison, and TV consumption. Aggression correlated with EI, agreeableness, interparental conflict, dominance goals, popularity goals, and appearance comparison. Together, these variables accounted for 40% of the variance in SA; agreeableness, dominance goals, and popularity goals were significant predictors. Interparental conflict moderated the TV-SA association, again suggesting that positive experiences with parents can cushion effects of TV consumption. Implications for development of SA are discussed.     

Assessment of Time Management Skills (ATMS): A Practice-Based Outcome Questionnaire

This study assessed test–retest reliability and internal consistency of the Assessment of Time Management Skills (ATMS), a self-report questionnaire designed to assess awareness and use time management strategies to plan and manage daily life tasks. Participants included 18 to 65 year-old people (N = 241) from the general population. The questionnaire's content validity was established. The tool demonstrated good internal consistency (α = 0.86). Test–retest reliability for the score revealed a Pearson Coefficient of Correlation (PCC) r = 0.89. The ATMS may be a useful tool for evaluating the effectiveness of rehabilitation designed to improve time management skills.     

Desirable responding mediates the relationship between emotion regulation and anxiety

Reappraisal and suppression are two commonly studied emotion regulation (ER) strategies. Their trait expression is often assessed through self-report questionnaires. Recent work suggests that trait-reappraisal is generally associated with lower levels of psychopathology while trait-suppression is linked to greater psychopathology. We propose here that the reappraisal construct represents a set of highly desirable traits, whereas suppression represents unwanted characteristics. If this were true, relationships between self-reported ER traits and psychopathology, such as anxiety, might be systematically biased. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether desirable responding (self-deceptive enhancement and impression management) mediated the link between self-reported emotion regulation traits (reappraisal and suppression) and anxiety in a sample of over 4000 college students, controlling for gender and ethnicity. Our findings show support for this hypothesis. Desirable responding, especially self-deceptive enhancement, mediated the effects of ER traits on anxiety. Our findings recommend caution in the use of self-reported ER traits when assessing links to psychopathology and underscore the influence of self-deception in subjective well-being.     

Intergenerational Relationships Within the Local Congregation

ABSTRACT

The following article explores the effect of the quality of intergenerational relationships on the health, healing and wholeness of the congregation. The fundamental premise is that an intergenerational approach to congregational life is a conscious, intentional choice on the part of the leadership and membership of that congregation to honor both the contributions and the requirements of each and every generation for the good of that generation as well as the good of the whole community. A casestudy is presented to demonstrate this approach. A reflection on the casestudy focuses on three dimensions of this approach to building up intergenerational relationships, i.e., the revelation of 1 Corinthians 12, the approach of family systems theory, and the paradigm of pastoral care.     

认知地图技术及其在管理心理学中的应用述评

认知地图技术是用来获取个体对某个特定领域独特理解的图形化描述的一系列方法的总称,包括认知诱发技术与分析技术.在详细阐述其概念、原理的基础上,本文结合一个共享心智模型的研究实例,展示了认知地图技术应用的一般步骤.然后,介绍了认知地图技术在管理心理学中的应用.并针对认知地图技术存在的问题,对未来的研究进行了展望,即从认知地图技术的理论、应用及软件等方面开展深入研究.     

希望:心理学的研究述评

在对Snyder希望理论进行概括的基础上,将之与其他几个相关的概念如乐观、个人成长主动性、自信和未来取向等进行比较,并介绍了测量希望的工具.希望与学业成绩、心理健康、生理健康以及企业的领导力和员工表现是有密切联系的,且可能在物质滥用治疗中有一定的作用.关于希望概念近年来不断有新的研究出现,目前在基本概念、文化适应、神经生物机制以及应用研究等方面仍存在进一步研究之必要.     

基于胜任特征模型的人力资源开发

基于胜任特征模型（CompetencyModel）的探索,建立新型的人力资源开发与管理体系,是上世纪70年代以来,组织行为学和人力资源管理理论研究的前沿课题之一。文章主要介绍作者及其领导的课题组自80年代以来,基于我国社会经济转型时期和文化背景的差异,在不同行业的胜任特征模型的建构、及其相关的领导行为研究方面的探索和发现。由于胜任特征模型也是人力资源开发和应用方面的热点问题,文章还介绍了胜任特征模型在国内人力资源开发、管理体系建设实践应用方面的进展。并对于未来开展本领域的理论研究和实践应用提出了建议