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821.
Idit Katz Avi Assor Yaniv Kanat-Maymon Yoella Bereby-Meyer 《Social Psychology of Education》2006,9(1):27-42
This study tested the hypothesis that interest in a certain topic enables children to sustain their intrinsic motivation in
topic-related tasks when positive feedback is absent. Ninety-one Israeli children in the seventh grade completed a questionnaire
assessing their interest in the topic of logic questions. Later, in individual sessions, children worked on logic questions,
and either received positive feedback or no feedback on their performance. Then, they completed a questionnaire assessing
their intrinsic motivation to participate in a similar task. As expected, children with a high level of interest reported
more intrinsic motivation than did children not high on interest. Among children with moderate interest, absence of positive
feedback was associated with decreased intrinsic motivation for boys, and increased motivation for girls. This gender-related
pattern was interpreted as suggesting that girls with moderate interest perceived the positive feedback as an attempt to control
them. The findings support the view that interest may serve as a personal resource that helps children to cope with non-optimal
learning conditions. 相似文献
822.
The Hierarchical Model of Approach-Avoidance Motivation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Andrew J. Elliot 《Motivation and emotion》2006,30(2):111-116
Approach motivation is the energization of behavior by, or the direction of behavior toward, positive stimuli (objects, events,
possibilities), whereas avoidance motivation is the energization of behavior by, or the direction of behavior away from, negative
stimuli (objects, events, possibilities). In this article, I provide a brief overview of this distinction between approach
and avoidance motivation. In addition, I provide a brief overview of a model of motivation in which this approach-avoidance
distinction plays an integral role—the hierarchical model of approach-avoidance motivation. 相似文献
823.
Identity, Reasoning, and Emotion: An Empirical Comparison of Three Sources of Moral Motivation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sam A. Hardy 《Motivation and emotion》2006,30(3):205-213
Prior research on moral motivation has primarily emphasized moral reasoning and moral emotion; however, identity may also
play an important role. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the relative importance of prosocial identity,
prosocial moral reasoning, and empathy in predicting prosocial behavior. The sample included 91 university students, ages
19–35 years (M=21.89; SD=3.01; 80% European American; 65% female). Prosocial identity and empathy, but not prosocial moral reasoning, were positively
associated with overall prosocial behavior. Exploratory analyses examined how these three sources of prosocial motivation
differentially related to six forms of prosocial behavior. Results suggest the importance of considering the roles of all
three sources of moral motivation. 相似文献
824.
Motivated Gaze 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Derek M. Isaacowitz 《Current directions in psychological science》2006,15(2):68-72
ABSTRACT— How does gaze relate to psychological properties of the gazer? Studies using eye tracking reveal robust group differences in gaze toward emotional information: Optimists gaze less at negative, unpleasant images than do pessimists, and older individuals look away from negative faces and toward happy faces. These group differences appear to reflect an underlying motivation to achieve and maintain good moods by directing attention to mood-facilitating stimuli. Maintaining a positive mood is only one goal-related context that influences visual attention; recent work has also suggested that other goal states can impact gaze. Gaze therefore is a tool of motivation, directing gazers toward stimuli that are consistent with their goals and away from information that will not facilitate goal achievement. 相似文献
825.
树立急救白金10分钟理念,提高社区猝死抢救成功率 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
探讨建立社区急救体系提高猝死抢救成功率,比较国际与我国的急救现状、分析建立社区急救体系的保障因素、建立大众与社区急救流程、分析“急救白金十分钟”抢救的时效性规律。提出建立社区以家庭为个体急救单位、单元有志愿者、大楼设置救护小组、社区内建立自救站的大众急救网络;在其中组织多层面的大众急救宣传的培训;设置醒目的急救器械;设置社区内的急救流程。社区医院的建设需要政府的大力支持,要努力提高急救人员素质、建立长期培训和准入制度、高危人群筛查、建立对讲呼叫通讯网络、配备急足够的急救器材。最终建立和达到社会范畴的“急救白金十分钟”的时效性理想。 相似文献
826.
戴正德 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2006,27(7):61-63
通识教育的目的在于建立人的主体性,以完成人之自我解放,并与所互为之人文及自然环境建立生存主体性的关系.通识教育可区分为核心课程与一般课程两个层次.伦理是教养之大成,医学伦理是医者把认知、发展与修养在医患关系上的努力.动之以情,说之以理,诉立以法,是通识伦理教育的一般方法. 相似文献
827.
“比较治疗学”与“循证医学”之比较 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
对比较治疗学与循证医学兴起的历史背景、基本内涵的差异以及在临床决策方法方面的关系进行了较为细致的比较。循证医学与比较治疗学分属于临床决策的两个不同的阶段,比较治疗学的内涵范围要大于循证医学,同时循证医学为比较治疗学提供主要的基础性决策依据,比较治疗学的决策方法是循证医学在临床决策方法上的新发展。两者对促进临床科学决策都具有重要意义。 相似文献
828.
Jay Schulkin 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2006,5(3-4):341-349
Body representations traverse the whole of the brain. They provide vital sources of information for every facet of an animal’s behavior, and such direct neural connectivity of visceral input throughout the nervous system demonstrates just how strongly cognitive systems are linked to bodily representations. At each level of the neural axis there are visceral appraisal systems that are integral in the organization of action. Cognition is not one side of a divide and viscera the other, with action merely a reflexive outcome. There is no divide between cognition and bodily functions once the brain is involved. Cognitive mechanisms that permeate neural function are a cardinal piece of biological function and adaptation. 相似文献
829.
830.
我国教育伦理学研究综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在我国,教育伦理学在20世纪80年代后期一门独立的学科,在20多年的研究发展中,教育伦理学的研究视域得到了空前的拓展,形成了教育伦理学研究的价值目标体系和伦理规范体系,全面挖掘了教育伦理学的精神内涵,展开了教育伦理学实践机制的研究,呈现出繁荣发展的良好势头。 相似文献