Self-presentation and belonging on Facebook: How personality influences social media use and motivations

The present study examined the relationship between the Big Five and the use of Facebook to fulfill belonging and self-presentational needs. One hundred and eighty four undergraduates completed a survey assessing personality and Facebook behaviors and motivations. High agreeableness and neuroticism were the best predictors of belongingness-related behaviors and motivations. Extraversion was associated with more frequent use of Facebook to communicate with others. Self-presentational behaviors and motivations were best predicted by low conscientiousness and high neuroticism. Results suggest that conscientious individuals are cautious in their online self-presentation. Neuroticism, agreeableness, and extraversion were positively associated with the tendency to express one’s actual self. Neuroticism was positively associated with the expression of ideal and hidden self-aspects. The motivation to express these self-aspects mediated the relationship between neuroticism and self-disclosure.     

Examining Compulsive Sexual Behavior and Psychopathology Among a Sample of Postdeployment U.S. Male and Female Military Veterans

Compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) is defined as difficulties in controlling inappropriate or excessive sexual fantasies, urges, or behaviors that cause subjective distress or impairment in important areas of daily functioning. Using data from a baseline telephone interview, we examined the prevalence of CSB in a convenience sample of 820 postdeployed U.S. military male and female veterans and investigated correlates of CSB with sociodemographics and other mental health and sexual history characteristics. More men (13.8%) than women (4.3%) endorsed CSB-related symptoms. Given the limited sample size of women reporting CSB, correlational analyses were conducted only with men. After adjusting for significant sociodemographics, results indicated that gambling, suicidality, and sexually transmitted infections were significantly associated with male CSB. Current results suggest that CSB may be prevalent among U.S. military veterans post deployment and associated with significant negative health indices in men. CSB warrants attention regarding screening and intervention.     

浅谈颈椎后纵韧带骨化症的手术治疗

摘要：颈椎后纵韧带骨化（OPLL）是一种由于后纵韧带异位骨化导致脊髓和神经根受压而产生的疾病,其病因尚未明确。手术治疗是一种有效的治疗手段,但是手术时机的选择仍充满争议。手术方法根据手术入路可分为颈前路、颈后路和前后路联合入路手术。内固定及融合方式也很多,即使同样的手术入路,也有多种不同的内固定及融合方式可供选择。不同的手术方法有不同的适应证和优缺点。本文就颈椎后纵韧带骨化症的手术治疗进行综述。     

Why Do People Use Facebook?

The social networking site, Facebook, has gained an enormous amount of popularity. In this article, we review the literature on the factors contributing to Facebook use. We propose a model suggesting that Facebook use is motivated by two primary needs: (1) the need to belong and (2) the need for self-presentation. Demographic and cultural factors contribute to the need to belong, whereas neuroticism, narcissism, shyness, self-esteem and self-worth contribute to the need for self-presentation. Areas for future research are discussed.     

外科病理学超越自我发展的思考

病理学是一门以组织形态学研究为基础的学科,经历了二百多年的发展历程。外科病理学作为病理学的重要部分,密切联系临床,以临床需要为方向,在医疗活动中充当着重要的角色,发挥着重要作用。随着免疫组织技术、基因芯片及组织芯片技术、图像分析技术、数字化图像技术、网络技术、流式细胞学技术等出现和应用,外科病理学在医疗活动中的权重日益增加,其中很多内容已远远超出病理形态学本身,向细胞分子,DNA,基因改变方向发展。     

全面认识外科感染 合理使用预防性抗生素

外科感染是一种使用抗菌药物解决不了的而常需外科干预的感染,其主要特点是皮肤和黏膜屏障有了破损、多种内源性致病微生物从破坏部分入侵致病。最常见的外科感染是切口部位感染导管相关血循感染、肺炎和泌尿道感染。外科切口部位感染的发生与外科切口各类密切相关,清洁、清洁—污染、污染和污秽四关的感染发生率分别约为2.1%、3.3%、6.4%和7.1%。预防外科感染可从三方面着手,提高宿主抵抗力;手术操作细致;加强围手术期处理,包括预防性抗生素等。预防性抗生系的适应证为Ⅱ、Ⅲ类切口,一般选择一代头孢菌素用于非厌氧菌污染的手术,二代头孢菌素用于厌氧菌污染的手术。应在手术前8小时内用药,并在术后24小时停药,给药方法是一次静脉滴入。此外还需注意提高外科创口的氧张力、保持体温、控制血糖、合理皮肤准备和掌握延迟性一期缝合的适应证等。     

胸部双源性疾病外科治疗的临床决策

胸部双源性疾病随人口的老龄化而逐年增加,而老年人的心肺及各种脏器功能随年龄的增长逐渐衰退,并发症多,手术风险大,对此类病人的外科治疗如何做出正确的临床医疗决策?我们以循证医学理论为基础,努力做到临床医疗决策的科学性,治疗方案的合理性,大胆尝试,逐步从分期手术向一期手术过渡,既达到了解决病人疾苦,救治病人的目的,又解决了医疗需求的增加和卫生资源短缺的矛盾,取得了满意的效果,降低了医疗成本,节约了医疗资源,产生了明显的社会和经济效益。     

关于急诊医生的临床思维方法

急诊医学是一门新兴的综合学科,它涉及的范围很广.急诊患者具有急、危、重、难等特点,并要求在较短的时间内必须做出正确的判断.因此,严谨的临床思维方式和科学的逻辑思维方式,是每位急诊医生必需的训练.介绍急诊临床思维的特点,以及系统思维在急诊常见病诊治中应用的一些经验体会.