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131.
D. Germano R. Misajon R. A. Cummins 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2001,8(4):253-261
This study investigated the physical and psychological impact of arthritis on people's quality of life. A range of variables were examined in a sample of 375 participants who comprised three groups: people with arthritis receiving a support-based service from the Arthritis Foundation of Victoria, people with arthritis receiving standard treatment, and a group of people from the general population. The results revealed that the two arthritis groups reported a significantly higher level of functional impairment, pain, and negative affectivity, and lowered mood, positive affect, and Sense of Coherence, compared to the general population group. They also reported normal levels of importance, but lower levels of satisfaction on various life domains. After statistically controlling for pain however, group differences were eliminated on all variables except for functional impairment and for all satisfaction domains except health. These data are interpreted as evidence that the combination of low domain satisfaction coupled with high domain importance yields a negative psychological state. This, then suggests the possibility of a therapy based on reducing the perceived importance of health. 相似文献
132.
Adaptation and the Set-Point Model of Subjective Well-Being: Does Happiness Change After Major Life Events? 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Richard E. Lucas 《Current directions in psychological science》2007,16(2):75-79
ABSTRACT— Hedonic adaptation refers to the process by which individuals return to baseline levels of happiness following a change in life circumstances. Dominant models of subjective well-being (SWB) suggest that people can adapt to almost any life event and that happiness levels fluctuate around a biologically determined set point that rarely changes. Recent evidence from large-scale panel studies challenges aspects of this conclusion. Although inborn factors certainly matter and some adaptation does occur, events such as divorce, death of a spouse, unemployment, and disability are associated with lasting changes in SWB. These recent studies also show that there are considerable individual differences in the extent to which people adapt. Thus, happiness levels do change, and adaptation is not inevitable. 相似文献
133.
采用《人际关系综合诊断量表》和《主观幸福感量表》对467名大学生进行测试,旨在探讨大学生人际关系困扰与主观幸福感的状况及其关系.结果表明:(1)大学生的人际交谈困扰存在地域和独生/非独生子女的交互作用,城市的独生子女大学生人际交谈困扰最低;在与异性交往困扰方面,来自乡镇的大学生和非独生子女的大学生有较大的困扰.(2)生活满意度和积极情感存在着地域和独生/非独生子女的交互作用,城市的独生子女大学生生活满意度和积极情感最高,乡镇的独生子女大学生生活满意度和积极情感最低.(3)人际关系困扰四个维度对主观幸福感的不同成份有不同的预测作用,人际交友困扰、人际交谈困扰和与异性交往困扰对生活满意度有预测作用,而人际交友困扰、人际交谈困扰和待人接物困扰三个维度对积极情感和消极情感有预测作用. 相似文献
134.
人格、文化与主观幸福感的关系及整合模型述评 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
在对主观幸福感的研究历史、两个独立的相关研究及其近期发展趋势作了回顾后,着重介绍了人格、文化与主观幸福感的整合模型(调节—缓和模型),指出了这一模型的重要价值及其存在的不足。在此基础上,提出了模型进一步完善和发展的方向。 相似文献
135.
阈下知觉研究中觉知状态测量方法的发展与启示 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
该文对近百年来围绕阈下知觉研究一直争论不休的觉知状态的测量方法进行了全面回顾,通过比较和分析在主观阈限和客观阈限以及不断改进后的其它觉知阈限测量方法条件下所获得的实验结果,并结合有关意识和无意识之间关系的理论假设,认为这种状况本身就否定了有关意识与无意识关系的排它观点。今后的研究应该跳出这一陷阱,并从无意识知觉如何影响有意识的行为以及阈下知觉的神经活动指标等方面开辟研究的新途径。 相似文献
136.
Although most researchers acknowledge that subjective well-being (SWB) is multiply determined, little research and theory
simultaneously considers the effects of many types of determinants, located at many different levels of analysis. Guided by
a six-level model of “optimal human being” (Sheldon, 2004, ‚Optimal Human Being: An Integrated Multi-level Perspective’ (Erlbaum, Mahwah, N.J.)), we tested the hypothesis that psychological
need-satisfaction, a positive Big Five trait profile, good personal goal-progress, high self-esteem, positive social support,
and a happiness-conducing cultural membership would each uniquely predict SWB. These hypotheses were confirmed, supporting
the hierarchical perspective and irreducibility assumption that under-girded the research. Implications for SWB theory and
interventions, and for the task of integrating the many different types of personality constructs that exist, are discussed. 相似文献
137.
自我实现的幸福——心理幸福感研究述评 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
心理幸福感是基于实现论的幸福感研究范式,研究者认为幸福并不只是情感上的体验,而更应该关注个人潜能的实现,从理论出发建构幸福感的结构,指导幸福感测量的发展。已有的研究表明,人口学变量、人格变量和生活事件等内外因素可以较为有效地预测心理幸福感水平。近年来,心理幸福感与主观幸福感之间呈现出整合的趋势。此外,中国人的幸福感研究在借鉴西方成果的同时,仍然需要立足于本土文化,做进一步的理论探讨和实证检验 相似文献
138.
139.
140.
DO ADJUSTING‐AMOUNT AND ADJUSTING‐DELAY PROCEDURES PRODUCE EQUIVALENT ESTIMATES OF SUBJECTIVE VALUE IN PIGEONS? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Green L Myerson J Shah AK Estle SJ Holt DD 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2007,87(3):337-347
The current experiment examined whether adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures provide equivalent measures of discounting. Pigeons' discounting on the two procedures was compared using a within-subject yoking technique in which the indifference point (number of pellets or time until reinforcement) obtained with one procedure determined the value of the corresponding variable in the yoked condition with the other procedure. Behavior on each procedure was well described by a hyperbolic discounting function. Results revealed no systematic differences in the degree of discounting as measured by the discounting rate parameter of the hyperbola in Experiment 1, which used 20-mg pellets. These results were replicated in Experiment 2 using smaller, 14-mg pellets, which potentially yield more precise measurement of indifference points on the adjusting-amount procedure. The finding that estimates of the k parameter in the hyperbolic discounting function obtained with one procedure did not differ systematically from estimates obtained from the same subjects with the other procedure represents strong support for the hypothesis that the same process underlies the discounting of delayed rewards on both adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures. 相似文献