全文获取类型
收费全文 | 249篇 |
免费 | 26篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 14篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 7篇 |
2011年 | 5篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 24篇 |
2006年 | 21篇 |
2005年 | 12篇 |
2004年 | 14篇 |
2003年 | 14篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有296条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
221.
222.
In this paper a practical application of MCDM in water resources problems is presented. Based on a real project for Qinhuangdao water resources management sponsored by Qinhuangdao Municipality, we construct a set of models for inflow forecast, reservoir operations, water supply and allocation, and flood routing for system optimal operation and flood management. A stochastic dynamic programming (DP) model with a fuzzy criterion is proposed for monthly reservoir operations. A series of goal programming (GP) models is built for water supply and allocation on different planning and operating levels. The DP–GP models fulfil the optimal operation tasks of a water resources management decision support system (WRMDSS) for Qinhuangdao water resources management. 相似文献
223.
In this paper a new method of presenting the overall (focused) structure of the efficient criterion vectors (N) for large-scale MOLP is proposed. The proposed algorithm ASEOV (approximation of the set of efficient objective vectors) determines the representative subset of N and ensures full coverage of N , with corresponding coverage precision indicated. ASEOV works in objective space directly and eliminates unnecessary computational effort at the collapsing extreme points of X , which are transformed to non-extreme points in objective space. The Tchebycheff metric is employed to measure the coverage precision. ASEOV allows a decision maker (DM) to control the determination procedure by assessing the coverage allowance for each criterion. When the DM's preference is available, ASEOV can focus contouring on the subset of N which fits with the extracted preference. Combined with proper interactive methods, this focused contour over N can reduce the DM's burden, inconsistency or cognitive bias in assessing his preference from which to derive the final best-compromise solution. An illustrative example is presented. 相似文献
224.
225.
题组越来越多地出现在各类考试中, 采用标准的IRT模型对有题组的测验等值, 可能因忽略题组的局部相依性导致等值结果的失真。为解决此问题, 我们采用基于题组的2PTM模型及IRT特征曲线法等值, 以等值系数估计值的误差大小作为衡量标准, 以Wilcoxon符号秩检验为依据, 在几种不同情况下进行了大量的Monte Carlo模拟实验。实验结果表明, 考虑了局部相依性的题组模型2PTM绝大部分情况下都比2PLM等值的误差小且有显著性差异。另外, 用6种不同等值准则对2PTM等值并评价了不同条件下等值准则之间的优劣。 相似文献
226.
227.
228.
It is important to be able to offer an account of which activities count as scientific research, given our current interest
in promoting research as a means to benefit humankind and in ethically regulating it. We attempt to offer such an account,
arguing that we need to consider both the procedural and functional dimensions of an activity before we can establish whether
it is a genuine instance of scientific research. By placing research in a broader schema of activities, the similarities and
differences between research activities and other activities become visible. It is also easier to show why some activities
that do not count as research can sometimes be confused with research and why some other activities can be regarded only partially
as research. Although the concept of research is important to delimit a class of activities which we might be morally obliged
to promote, we observe that the class of activities which are regarded as subject to ethical regulation is not exhausted by
research activities. We argue that, whether they be research or not, all the activities that are likely to affect the rights
and interests of the individuals involved and impact on the rights and interests of other individuals raise ethical issues
and might be in need of ethical regulation. 相似文献
229.
采用眼动追踪实验技术,考查了核心名词生命性取向对汉语主、宾关系从句加工难度调节效应。结果显示:(1)核心名词生命性格局对汉语主、宾关系从句的加工难度有着显著调节作用,具体表现为:当主、从句中的核心名词为"生命性-非生命性"格局时,在主句核心名词、核心动词位置,宾语关系从句加工较为容易;当主、从句中的核心名词为"非生命性-生命性"格局时,在上述位置,两种关系从句加工难度差异不显著;(2)汉语主、宾关系从句加工中核心名词生命性效应主要发生在语义信息提取、论元关系建构阶段,体现出汉语语言的特异性。上述结果支持了题元切适性理论。 相似文献
230.
Based on the argument that technologies mediate human experience and praxis, the idea of technology accompaniment has been suggested as an approach to developing human-tech relations. In light of this idea, this paper argues, firstly, that when technologies inevitably have moral relevance in influencing human perceptions and actions, the constitution of a moral subject has much to do with shaping technological mediation deliberately and creatively. While there is not always a direct connection between what humans know and what humans do, technological mediation can help to strengthen people’s motivation to do the right thing. Subsequently, we examine two approaches that have often been suggested for realizing subject-constitution-with-technology: one is Technology Assessment, and the other is Mediation Design. Although the former can equip people with knowledge about technological mediation, it is relatively weak when it comes to directly producing moral behavior. In contrast, the latter not only exerts a more direct impact on user behavior but may also improve people’s moral knowledge. Nonetheless, both approaches face the general challenge of moral education. As moral knowledge does not guarantee moral behavior, knowing facts and theories about technological mediation may not lead to subject constitution as a result of the development of the human-tech relationship. To overcome this difficulty, an extension of the latter approach is proposed. The design of meta-mediation has great potential to shift users’ attention to the aforementioned mediating effect of technology-in-use and, thereby, users’ subject constitution can be enabled. 相似文献