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941.
Virginia L. Goetsch Amy C. Tishelman Henry E. Adams 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1987,9(4):383-387
Three hundred thirty-seven female undergraduates completed the Trait Form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Fear Survey Schedule-II (FSS) to determine if any specific fear factor was significantly related to STAI score. All fear factor scores and the total FSS-II score were significantly correlated with the STAI score and with each other. A stepwise regression procedure indicated that Factor 1, Fear of Social Interaction, accounted for 25.2% of the variance in STAI scores (p <.001), while Factor 4, of Negative Social Evaluation, accounted for an additional 1.8% of the variance (p <.01). The implications for theory, assessment, and intervention are discussed. 相似文献
942.
采用纵向的研究设计,对上海市两所公办幼儿园192名学前儿童进行为期一年半的追踪调查,探讨了家庭功能与学前儿童行为问题之间的关系以及依恋回避和社交焦虑的中介作用。结果发现:(1)家庭功能、依恋回避、社交焦虑和儿童行为问题之间存在两两相关;(2)家庭功能能够显著负向预测儿童行为问题;(3)依恋回避和社交焦虑分别在家庭功能和行为问题之间起独立中介作用;(4)依恋回避和社交焦虑在家庭功能和行为问题之间起序列中介作用。研究结果进一步揭示了家庭功能对学前儿童行为问题影响的内在机制。 相似文献
943.
C. Ouellet F. Langlois M.D. Provencher P. Gosselin 《Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée》2019,69(1):9-18
Introduction
The Intolerance of Uncertainty Model (IUM) is a well-tested model of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).Objective
To test an extension of the IUM that suggests that intolerance of uncertainty (IU) contributes to worry not only by leading to a negative problem orientation, but also by leading to a negative emotion orientation.Method
A total of two hundred and four non-clinical participants completed self-report measures. A structural equation model, which integrates the double role of negative orientation, was tested.Results
The proposed model represents well the relationships between IU, negative problem orientation, limited access to emotion regulation strategies, and worry.Conclusion
These preliminary results support the importance to study the relationships between IU and emotion regulation, and the need to develop an integrative theory of worry and GAD. 相似文献944.
Tina In-Albon Kathrin Dubi Ronald M. Rapee Silvia Schneider 《Behaviour research and therapy》2009,47(12):1058-1065
Cognitive distortions refer to cognitive processes that are biased and therefore yield dysfunctional and maladaptive products (e.g., interpretation bias). Automatic aspects of information processing need to be considered and investigating these aspects requires forms of assessment other than self-report. Studies focussing on the specificity of cognitive biases across different types of anxiety disorders in childhood are rare. Thus, a forced choice reaction time paradigm with picture stimuli was used to assess the interpretation bias in anxious children online. The study investigated disorder-specific interpretation bias in 71 children with separation anxiety disorder (SAD), 31 children with social phobia, and 42 children without mental disorders, aged 5–13 years. Results indicated that children with SAD rated ambiguous separation pictures as significantly more unpleasant and more arousing than nonanxious children. However, no support was found that children with SAD and social phobia interpret ambiguous separation or social pictures in a more negative way than nonanxious children. Furthermore, no group differences were found in reaction times to all picture categories. 相似文献
945.
Tessa V. West Adam R. Pearson John F. Dovidio J. Nicole Shelton Thomas E. Trail 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2009,45(6):1266-1272
A common ingroup identity promotes positive attitudes and behavior toward members of outgroups, but the durability of these effects and generalizability to relationships outside of the laboratory have been questioned. The present research examined how initial perceptions of common ingroup identity among randomly assigned college roommates provide a foundation for the development of intergroup friendships. For roommate dyads involving students who differed in race or ethnicity, respondents who were low on perceived intergroup commonality showed a significant decline in friendship over-time, whereas those high on perceived commonality showed consistently high levels of friendship. Similarly, participants in these dyads demonstrated a significant decline in feelings of friendship when their roommate was low in perceived commonality but not when their roommate was high in perceived commonality. These effects were partially mediated by anxiety experienced in interactions over-time. The implications of a common identity for intergroup relationship development are discussed. 相似文献
946.
KIHO TANAKA 《The Japanese psychological research》2007,49(4):235-247
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of goal orientations on ninth-grade students' (54 girls and 55 boys) task-specific appraisals (i.e., anticipated interest, self-efficacy, test anxiety, and physical symptoms) and subsequent task performance. The results of structural equation modeling showed that different goal orientations had different effects on task-specific appraisals. In addition, task performance was directly influenced by self-efficacy and physical symptoms, whereas the goal orientation served as a predictor of task performance indirectly through task-specific appraisals. Students' posttask estimation of success and involvement were differently predicted by the pretask appraisal and actual task performance. Thus self-appraisals that students experience after performing the task are not only influenced by the actual performance, but also by the task-related appraisal they form before the task, which is partially determined by their goal orientations. Cluster analysis revealed students with multiple goals, in whom learning and performance goals can work together to facilitate performance and motivation. 相似文献
947.
Augustine Osman John E. Williams Kelly Espenschade Peter M. Gutierrez Jennifer R. Bailey Osman Chowdhry 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(3):202-214
The psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) were examined in adolescent psychiatric
inpatient samples. In Study 1 (n = 287), confirmatory factor analyses provided satisfactory fit for the four-factor (comparative fit index; CFI = 0.856) and
higher-order (CFI = 0.854) solutions. Using parcels as items, the fit of the four-factor model was improved substantially
(CFI = 0.935). Next, in the bifactor analyses, support was attained for a model that included a general factor and four domain
specific subfactors. In Study 2 (n = 195 inpatient youths), the MASC showed good scale reliability and concurrent validity. Results of the receiver operating
characteristic curve and binary logistic regression analyses provided adequate evidence for discriminative validity. In Study
3 (n = 40), test–retest reliability of scores on the MASC-10 scale over a 3-week period was adequate (r
tt = 0.83, p < 0.001) for children ages 8 to 11 years. 相似文献
948.
The present study aimed to examine how perfectionism is contributing to social anxiety and its cognitive processes of post‐event rumination and self‐perception of performance following a speech task. Forty‐eight undergraduate students completed measures of perfectionism and trait social anxiety prior to performing a 3‐min impromptu speech task. Immediately following the speech task, participants rated their state anxiety and self‐perception of performance, and 24 hr later, their level of post‐event rumination was measured. Structural equation modelling revealed that perfectionism, in the form of socially prescribed perfectionism and doubts about actions, directly influences trait social anxiety, and indirectly influences post‐event rumination and self‐perception of performance through its relationship with trait social anxiety and state anxiety. This is the first study to investigate how perfectionism is contributing to social anxiety and its cognitive processes. The findings of this study provide evidence in support of the potential predictive role of perfectionism in social anxiety. 相似文献
949.
Neal Krause 《Mental health, religion & culture》2015,18(4):235-245
Trust in God has been widely identified as a central aspect of religious life, yet relatively few studies have examined whether trust in God is associated with better mental health. This study has two goals. The first is to see if Conservative Christians have greater trust in God than moderate or liberal Christians. The second goal is to see if trusting in God is associated with lower levels of death anxiety, fewer depressed affect symptoms, and fewer somatic symptoms among Conservative Christians than moderate or liberal Christians. The data come from a nationwide survey of middle-aged and older adults (N?=?1535). The findings reveal that, compared to moderate or liberal Christians, trust in God is associated with lower levels of death anxiety as well as fewer symptoms of a depressed affect and lower somatic symptom scores among Conservative Christians. 相似文献
950.