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Vanessa Juth Sally S. Dickerson Peggy M. Zoccola Suman Lam 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2013,26(1):50-70
Background: Dispositional emotional approach coping (EAC) marks an adaptive tendency to process and express emotions. EAC's association with cognitions, affect, and intra- and interindividual characteristics that may account for its utility was examined in response to an acute stressor and in daily life. Design: This study included a laboratory stress task and ecological momentary assessment. Methods: Healthy undergraduate students (n = 124; mean age: 20; women: 56%) completed a laboratory component (baseline survey, speech stress task, pre- and posttask measures) and five subsequent days of surveys via palm pilot (six surveys/day). Results: Controlling for sex, neuroticism, and social support, greater EAC was associated with more positive cognitive appraisals, personal resources, and positive affect and less-negative affect during the lab stressor, and with more perceived control and positive affect in daily life. Significant EAC × sex interactions were found for poststressor affect: men with high EAC reported more positive affect and women with high EAC reported less negative affect. Conclusions: Findings provide support that EAC's utility may be independent of intra- and interindividual characteristics, and that men and women may benefit from EAC in different ways in regards to affect. The proclivity to use EAC may come with a resiliency that protects against stress and promotes general well-being. 相似文献
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结合工作要求-资源模型和资源保护理论,构建并检验了挑战性和阻碍性压力源与情绪枯竭之间关系的调节中介模型。结果表明,角色超载在挑战性压力源、阻碍性压力源和情绪枯竭之间起部分中介作用。心理弹性较低时,挑战性压力源会对情绪枯竭产生直接正向影响,角色超载在它们中间不起中介作用;阻碍性压力源既对情绪枯竭产生直接正向影响,也对情绪枯竭产生间接正向影响。心理弹性较高时,挑战性压力源对情绪枯竭的直接影响不再显著,而是通过角色超载对情绪枯竭产生正向影响;阻碍性压力源同样通过角色超载对情绪枯竭产生影响。心理弹性高和心理弹性低的个体相比,阻碍性压力源对情绪枯竭影响的差异性并不显著。 相似文献
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Verena C. Haun Anna G. Bauer 《Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology》2018,91(2):385-410
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《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2017,108(2):318-333
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of negative life events on functional somatic symptoms (FSSs) in adolescents, based on data from 957 participants of the population cohort TRacking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey. Life events experienced between age 16 and age 19 were assessed with the Kendler's Life Stress interview. FSSs at age 19 and age 16 were measured with the Youth and Adult Self‐Report. The hypotheses were tested by the use of a latent change model. Life events predicted FSSs, even when adjusted for pre‐event levels of FSSs, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and socio‐economic status (B = 0.006, 95% CI [0.003, 0.008], β = .32). Whereas illness‐related life events did not predict FSSs independently (B = −0.003, 95% CI [−0.005, 0.09], β = .05), non‐illness‐related life events did (B = 0.007, 95% CI [0.004, 0.010], β = .31). A past‐year diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression had a significant influence on the association between life events and FSSs (B = 0.37, 95% CI [0.30, 0.46], β = .71), while female sex, exposure to childhood adversities, and family malfunctioning had not. In conclusion, our findings show that FSSs are associated with negative life events in older adolescents. We did not find evidence for stronger effects of illness‐related events. 相似文献
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Disparities in socioeconomic status (SES) may affect individuals’ risk preferences, which have important developmental consequences across the lifespan. Yet, previous research has shown inconsistent associations between SES and risky decision-making, and little is known about how this link develops from a young age. The current research is among the first to examine how SES influences preschoolers’ risky decisions in both gain and loss frames. Across two studies, children aged 5 to 6 years (total N = 309, 154 boys) were asked to choose between certain and risky options. The risky option was more advantageous, equal to, or less advantageous than the certain option. Study 1 revealed that in the loss frame, high-SES children (n = 84, 44 boys) chose more risky options and were more sensitive to the expected value compared to low-SES children (n = 78, 42 boys), especially when the risk was more advantageous. However, this SES difference was not significant in the gain frame. Supporting the potential causal link between SES and risky decision-making, Study 2 further found that experimentally increasing low-SES children's (n = 68, 30 boys) status by providing additional resources increased their risk-seeking behavior in the loss frame. Overall, our findings suggest an interaction between environmental cues (gain vs. loss) and early life circumstances (SES) in shaping children's risk preferences. 相似文献
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少数民族初中学生压力源调查 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本调查采用中学生应激源量表,对广西某地区的363名少数民族初中学生进行压力源调查。结果表明少数民族初中学生的主要压力源是学习、家庭环境和社会文化等方面的问题,其中,家庭经济困难和令人讨厌的社会文化风俗与少数民族中学生的焦虑抑郁情绪密切相关。在心理健康教育中,我们应关注少数民族中学生的学习压力,还要设法减轻他们的家庭环境和社会文化压力。 相似文献
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本文旨在探讨在德国的中国学生／学者跨文化适应与应激源和应激之间的关系。其中,跨文化适应分为总体、人际及学习／工作适应三方面．应激源分为社会和学习／工作两方面,而应激则有文化、心理和生理三个层面。被试为99名在德国的中国留学生及访同学者。研究结果表明：除工作／学习应激与总体适应没有显著负相关之外,应激源与三方面的跨文化适应均显著负相关,回归分析表明了同样的趋势。在应激与跨文化适应的关系上,适应良好的被试应激水平较低。总体适应能够预测文化、生理及生理应激。 相似文献
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When lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people encounter antigay campaigns and elections, they face explicit and implicit homophobic attacks. In order to understand the points of stress and the bases for resilience in the face of these attacks, we developed a 130-item quantitative survey on the basis of results of an earlier qualitative study. Three hundred, sixteen Colorado LGB people endorsed items representing sources of stress and sources of resilience associated with the campaign for and passage of an antigay referendum. Factor analyses of the results suggested 5 sources of stressors and 5 sources of resilience for LGB persons and their communities. 相似文献
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传统研究强调跨文化多重压力阻碍外派成功, 但相对忽视压力具备的动力作用。该研究基于挑战性-阻碍性压力视角, 遵循“压力-动机-行为-结果”的逻辑框架, 对中国跨国公司外派人员多目标主动行为及结果的产生机制展开研究。依据自我决定理论分析挑战性-阻碍性两种不同属性压力如何通过影响动机和主动行为进而影响外派人员的职业发展、工作绩效及组织绩效的过程, 并根据工作要求-控制模型, 从组织和工作资源两方面识别两种压力影响外派结果的边界条件, 以及跨文化背景下主动行为发挥作用的边界条件。该研究揭示外派主动动机及行为在高不确定性跨文化背景下的价值功效, 可以为中国跨国公司挑选、培训、激励和保留国际化人才提供实践的参考。 相似文献