On the alleged normative significance of a platitude

It seems to be a platitude that the belief that p is correct iff it is true that p. And the claim that truth is the correct‐making feature of belief seems to be just another way of expressing this platitude. It is often thought that this indicates that truth constitutes a normative standard or criterion of correctness for belief because it seems to follow from this platitude that having a false belief is believing wrongly, and having a true belief is believing rightly or correctly. In this paper, I aim to show that when we judge the platitude in question to be indisputably true, we do not endorse that truth is normative for belief but merely the triviality that the belief that p is true iff it is true that p.     

Anti-Autonomism Defended: A Reply to Hill

In the current issue of this journal, Scott Hill critiques some of my work on the “is”-“ought” controversy, the Hume-inspired debate over whether an ethical conclusion can be soundly, or even validly, derived from only non-ethical premises. I’ve argued that it can be; Hill is unconvinced. I reply to Hill’s critique, focusing on four key questions to which he and I give different answers.

Comparing Performance Standards on the Retention of Words Read Correctly Per Minute

To measure retention of oral reading fluency, three students attending a learning support classroom used a repeating reading strategy with two passages. Each student read one passage to a high performance standard and the other passage to a lower performance standard. Results show it took the students more practice to reach the higher performance standard in regards to both calendar days and practice trials. The retention measures revealed all students had comparable decrements with words read correctly per minute for both the high and low performance standards even though practice varied. During the last retention interval 3½ months after obtaining the performance standard, all students demonstrated the highest terminal frequency of words read correctly per minute in the high performance standard condition.     

Confirmation Bias and the Sexual Double Standard

In contemporary Western societies it is widely believed that there is a sexual double standard such that men are rewarded for sexual activity, whereas women are derogated for sexual activity. This pervasive belief may result in a confirmation bias such that people tend to notice information that confirms the double standard and fail to notice information that refutes it. Two studies were conducted to test this hypothesis. In both studies, participants read vignettes about a target man or a woman that contained an equal number of positive and negative comments regarding the target's sexuality. Participants recalled more information consistent with the double standard than inconsistent with it.     

倏忽与浑沌和中医与西医

中医“科学化”和“现代化”是西方医学传入我国一百多年来几代中医人的夙愿和奋斗目标,但在以感染和传染性疾病为主要矛盾的生物医学模式阶段,却一直难以取得突破性的进展。随着各种慢性疾病发病率的逐年增加、医疗重点的转移和生物-心理-社会医学模式的确立,中医的现代化发展正在面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战。借助《庄子》“倏忽为浑沌开窍”的故事,重点就新的医学模式下的中医现代化发展进行了一些方法论的探讨。     

新一代测验理论-认知诊断理论的源起与特征

认知诊断理论被视为新一代测验理论的核心,是认知心理学与现代测量学相结合的产物。对认知诊断的研究已成为当前国外心理学研究的一个重要热点,并引起国内学者的广泛关注。本文从认知诊断的源起、概念、特征,及研究的基础、框架、意义和难点等七个方面对认知诊断的理论与技术作了一个简要述评,以期推进我国心理学界认知诊断的研究工作。     

Taxonomy of Spiritual Experiences

Spiritual experiences are often associated with health crises, with little information about the structure of the experience. A taxonomic analysis was conducted on data from a group of healers, unveiling a structural model of spiritual experience comprised of three domains: circumstances, manifestation and interpretation. Circumstances included the aspects of setting, situation, and timing. Manifestation incorporated the modes of awareness and the phenomena of the experience. Components of interpretation included personal meaning and congruence with social norms. The examples reflected the orientation of the study population. Further research could examine the applicability of the taxonomy to other religious or spiritual orientations and may assist in clinical assessment of spiritual experiences.Diane Wind Wardell, Ph.D., R.N.C., H.N.C., C.H.T.P./I., and Joan C. Engebretson, Dr.P.H., R.N., H.N.C., are Associate Professors in the School of Nursing at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Correspondence to Diane Wind Wardell, Diane.Wardell@uth.tmc.edu.     

医疗器械致害责任实证调研报告

医疗器械是一种特殊产品。与一般医疗侵权责任和产品侵权责任相比,医疗器械致害责任具有特殊性。通过对法官及其他法律工作者的调查得知:关于医疗器械致害责任的性质,在一般医疗侵权与产品侵权责任之间仍存模糊之处;强制性标准在医疗器械缺陷判断中占有重要地位,但医疗鉴定却起决定性作用;法律工作者对实施《侵权责任法》针对医疗器械的售后跟踪义务规定较乐观,《涉外民事关系法律适用法》对医疗器械致害跨国诉讼的影响不大。     

教师心理健康的标准和对策

本文首先讨论了提高教师心理健康水平对建设高质量教师队伍及提高学生心理健康的重要性 ,它也是落实素质教育的重要举措。文章还阐述了教师心理健康的标准 ,最后提出了提高教师心理素质的对策。