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101.
《Pratiques Psychologiques》2015,21(1):55-70
Eyewitnesses provide crucial evidence for the investigation of criminal cases. We analysed professional police interviewers’ behaviour by conducting a literature review. Our results indicate that the interviewing techniques used by untrained and trained investigators are predominantly inappropriate and harmful to memory recall. The way investigators curtail and select witnesses’ responses suggests that they look for specific information. As a subsequent step, we analysed investigative interviewing in terms of professional objectives, identifying the types of information that the police inquire about during the interview. Based on our results, we conclude future research should perform a fine-grained analysis of professional interviewing procedures with the aim of producing effective interviewing techniques that meet investigators’ real-world objectives. 相似文献
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103.
Arthur L. Caplan Carolyn Plunkett Bruce Levin 《The American journal of bioethics : AJOB》2015,15(4):4-10
There are competing ethical concerns when it comes to designing any clinical research study. Clinical trials of possible treatments for Ebola virus are no exception. If anything, the competing ethical concerns are exacerbated in trying to find answers to a deadly, rapidly spreading, infectious disease. The primary goal of current research is to identify experimental therapies that can cure Ebola or cure it with reasonable probability in infected individuals. Pursuit of that goal must be methodologically sound, practical and consistent with prevailing norms governing human subjects research. Some maintain that only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a placebo or standard-of-care arm can meet these conditions. We maintain that there are alternative trial designs that can do so as well and that sometimes these are preferable to RCTs. 相似文献
104.
Madeleine A. Fugère Carlos Escoto Alita J. Cousins Matt L. Riggs Paul Haerich 《Sexuality & culture》2008,12(3):169-182
We conducted a review of literature regarding sexual attitudes and double standards, focusing on participant gender and ethnic
background. We found that men had more permissive sexual attitudes than women, and that African Americans had the most permissive
sexual attitudes, followed by White Americans, then by Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans. The literature regarding sexual
double standards was mixed; some studies showed evidence of continued sexual double standards and some studies showed the
absence of sexual double standards. In some studies, men were more likely to endorse the sexual double standard than women.
We found only one article addressing sexual double standards using ethnic background as a quasi-independent variable; this
research revealed that non-North American (Russian and Japanese) samples were more likely to endorse the traditional double
standard, that sex is more acceptable for men than for women.
相似文献
Madeleine A. FugèreEmail: |
105.
水平厘定方法在近二十年来发展迅速,其中Angoff方法的应用最为广泛。该文在已有的方法上提出了一种基于Rasch模型的改进的Angoff方法,该方法使用Rasch模型来估计典型学生的位置,通过均方残差等方法剔除不一致的裁判。文章最后详细阐述了该方法在香港全港性系统评估中的应用。 相似文献
106.
‘Is’–‘Ought’ Derivations and Ethical Taxonomies 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Scott Hill 《Philosophia》2008,36(4):545-566
Hume seems to claim that there does not exist a valid argument that has all non-ethical sentences as premises and an ethical
sentence as its conclusion. Starting with Prior, a number of counterexamples to this claim have been proposed. Unfortunately,
all of these proposals are controversial. Even the most plausible have a premise that seems like it might be an ethical sentence
or a conclusion that seems like it might be non-ethical. Since it is difficult to tell whether any of these counterexamples
are genuine, we need a taxonomy that sorts out ethical sentences from non-ethical ones. We need to know the difference between
an ‘Is’ and an ‘Ought’. In the first part of the paper, I establish the need for a taxonomy. I consider some of the most influential
‘Is’–‘Ought’ derivations. These include proposals by Prior and Searle. I argue that each proposal has a premise whose status
as ethical or non-ethical is difficult to determine. In the second part of the paper, I consider taxonomies proposed by Karmo
and Maitzen. I argue against both taxonomies. I end with the claim that we need a taxonomy of ethical sentences and that none
of the current proposals are adequate.
相似文献
Scott HillEmail: |
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108.
中医作为一门古代科学,它有自身的科学方法,最主要的是信息处理的方法.应当遵循中医本身的客观规律,运用现代信息处理技术研究中医,逐步建立中医自己的金标准. 相似文献
109.
神经症躯体化倾向的绘画诊断研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
通过问卷、绘画测验和回归分析,7项绘画特征被验证能够有效反映神经症躯体化倾向。根据这些绘画特征建立的回归方程经检验具有中等的解释效果。同时,评分者一致性程度较高。研究结果表明,通过“树人绘画测验”,能够建立对神经症躯体化倾向进行有效测量的临床诊断工具。 相似文献
110.
Pendaran Roberts 《Inquiry (Oslo, Norway)》2017,60(4):337-357
In the present article, I show that sounds are properties that are not physical in a narrow sense. First, I argue that sounds are properties using Moorean-style arguments and defend this property view from various arguments against it that make use of salient disanalogies between sounds and colors. The first disanalogy is that we talk of objects making sounds but not of objects making colors. The second is that we count and quantify over sounds but not colors. The third is that sounds can survive qualitative change in their auditory properties, but colors cannot survive change in their chromatic properties. Next, I provide a taxonomy of property views of sound. As the property view of sound has been so rarely discussed, many of the views available have never been articulated. My taxonomy will articulate these views and how they are related to one another. I taxonomize sounds according to three characteristics: dispositional/non-dispositional, relational/non-relational and reductive/non-reductive. Finally, mirroring a popular argument in the color literature, I argue that physical views in the narrow sense are unable to accommodate the similarity and difference relations in which sounds essentially stand. I end replying to three objections. 相似文献