Mereotopological Connection

The paper outlines a model-theoretic framework for investigating and comparing a variety of mereotopological theories. In the first part we consider different ways of characterizing a mereotopology with respect to (i) the intended interpretation of the connection primitive, and (ii) the composition of the admissible domains of quantification (e.g., whether or not they include boundary elements). The second part extends this study by considering two further dimensions along which different patterns of topological connection can be classified – the strength of the connection and its multiplicity.     

基于空间分割的手写输入系统的用户绩效模型

为定量估计与提高基于空间分割的手写输入系统用户绩效 ,运用Fitts定律及离散变量的数学期望等方法推导了用户绩效的数学模型。实验验证了该模型在具体界面中能较好地拟合用户在 8次 (8× 2 4字 )训练后的实际操作绩效。应用该模型可较好地拟合用户使用手写系统完成抄写任务的时间、推算输入系统某些参数的最佳设置值 ;并发现当输入系统的其它参数为定值时 ,缩短用户单字手写时间会比缩短系统识别时间能更有效地提高用户绩效。     

Modes of spatial coding in the Simon task*

Many models of the Simon effect assume that categorical spatial representations underlie the phenomenon. The present study tested this assumption explicitly in two experiments, both of which involved eight possible spatial positions of imperative stimuli arranged horizontally on the screen. In Experiment 1, the eight stimulus locations were marked with eight square boxes that appeared at the same time during a trial. Results showed gradually increasing Simon effects from the central locations to the outer locations. In Experiment 2, the eight stimulus locations consisted of a combination of three frames of spatial reference (hemispace, hemifield, and position relative to the fixation), with each frame appearing in different timings. In contrast to Experiment 1, results showed an oscillating pattern of the Simon effect across the horizontal positions. These findings are discussed in terms of grouping factors involved in the Simon task. The locations seem to be coded as a single continuous dimension when all are visible at once as in Experiment 1, but they are represented as a combination of the lateral categories (“left” vs. “right”) with multiple frames of reference when the reference frames are presented successively as in Experiment 2.     

成人空间视角采择的自动性

设计新的空间视角采择任务,考察成人空间视角采择的自动性。结果发现：（1）在other任务中,随着人偶与被试的角度差异增加,反应时和错误率升高。（2）在self任务中,空间关系一致时正确率高于不一致时,且150°-180°间的一致性效应不显著;随着角度差异增加,反应时升高;小球与人偶的空间关系和空间关系的一致性交互作用不显著。本研究结果表明：本实验任务对成人而言是一个有效的空间视角采择任务;成人可以自动地做空间视角采择;人偶与被试的角度差异影响成人空间视角采择的自动性;小球与人偶的空间关系不影响成人空间视角采择的自动性。本研究首次证明了成人可以自动做空间视角采择。     

Serial murderers' spatial decisions: factors that influence crime location choice

The outcome of German serial murderer spatial decision making was measured as the straight‐line distance (km) between murderer home locations and each crime location (i.e. body recovery location). Geographic and series development data, as well as information on age, intelligence, motive, marital status, employment status, and mode of transportation of 53 German serial murderers was collected from police and prosecution service files and judicial verdict records. Potential effects of the aforementioned factors on spatial decisions were assessed. Results showed that 63% of the murderers lived within 10 km of their crime locations. Home‐to‐crime distance was negatively correlated with murderer age and positively correlated with murderer IQ score. Results also showed that the mode of transportation used by murderers had an effect on their spatial decisions. Results are discussed in terms of understanding serial murderer spatial decision‐making and implications for police investigations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

齐都临淄空间形态演变的功能性导向

战国时期临淄小城的修筑,是临淄城市空间发展的重要节点,使其空间形态出现了功能性导向的演变:在布局形式上,由宫城、郭城内外相套演变为小城、大城相互衔联。在功能配置上,以宫廷、官府为中心的政治性功能设施,部署于小城,形成以宫为核心的政治功能区;而市、手工业作坊等经济性功能设施,分布在大城,形成以市为核心的经济功能区。在地形利用上,将宫城布置在西南部地势高亢处,以利于防守和排水。这种演变趋向,表明我国古代都城空间形态,越来越贴近政治、军事、经济功能的实际需要,逐渐从形式上的规范走向功能上的实用。