器官移植患者社会心理因素分析

器官移植给晚期疾病的病人提供了第二次生存的机会,但同时亦带来了一系列社会、心理问题.移植患者围手术期常常出现焦虑、抑郁等心理反应,多数受者出院后仍存在不同程度的社会功能缺陷,在健康教育中应重视心理支持及培养受者社会适应能力,充分调动家庭及社会资源,促进受者尽快适应社会和家庭生活,提高生活质量.     

Persons as goods: response to Patrick Lee.

Developing a British perspective on the abortion debate, I take up some ideas from Patrick Lee's fine paper, and pursue, in particular, the idea of individual humans as goods in themselves. I argue that this notion helps us to avoid the familiar mistake of making moral value impersonal. It also shows us the way out of consequentalism. Since the most philosophically viable notion of the person, the individual human, is (as Lee argues) a notion of individual substance that is there from conception, the move has a third effect, which is to rule out abortion.     

中学生自我提升的特点及其与人际适应的关系

采用自编自我提升领域问卷考察中学生自我提升的特点,并探讨自我提升与同伴接纳和友谊状况的关系。结果发现:(1)中学生在个体领域和人际领域(除道德行为维度)表现出自我提升倾向。(2)男生比女生、初中生比高中生表现更强的自我提升倾向。(3)同伴接纳度低的中学生身体与运动技能和一般认知能力维度自我提升程度较高,互选好朋友数量较少的中学生一般认知能力、个体心理特质、人际心理特质和道德行为维度的自我提升较高。     

Career decision status as a predictor of resignation behavior five years later

This paper extends earlier research exploring the relationship between career decision status and work outcomes by examining resignation behavior in a group of new graduates five years after initial appointment. On appointment various measures were collected including career decision status variables. Earlier research identified a significant relationship between a number of important work outcomes and career decision status. In the current study two variables–career decidedness and career choice importance–predicted resignation behavior. Those people who on appointment scored higher on career decidedness or lower on career choice importance were significantly more likely to stay in the organization than others. The implications of this finding for individuals and organizations are discussed.     

Career aspirations of youth: Untangling race/ethnicity, SES, and gender

This study examined the influence of gender, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity on the career aspirations of over 22,000 8th and 10th grade youth. The top five occupations identified by youth as aspirations included artist, lawyer, musician, FBI agent, and actor/actress. Top occupations were also reported for each gender × socioeconomic status × race/ethnicity group. Aspirations were coded by social prestige level, minimum education requirements, and median salary. Results revealed significant main effects for socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity as well as significant interaction effects. Further, significant gender main effects and a significant gender × ethnicity interaction were found for occupational prestige and educational requirements.     

文科大学生自我同一性地位的实证研究

对文科大学生自我同一性地位进行实证研究。结果表明:文科大学生的自我同一性地位在年级间存在差异,大一阶段均数高于其他各年级,到大二阶段程度在不断降低,大三阶段逐渐回升,大四阶段又开始降低;自我同一性地位的性别差异研究显示,大一、大三女生自我同一性总体上高于男生;大二、大四男女生的三项指标均数差异不显著;从自我同一性地位频数分布数据上看,A-F地位与D-M地位居多。     

大学生考试作弊问题的研究现状

近年来在大学生中,考试作弊这种不良现象日益普遍,需要高校教务工作者与心理教育工作者高度重视。因此,本文试图通过分析中外大学生考试作弊的研究现状,了解大学生考试作弊心理现状和应对措施,为有效地遏制高校学生考试作弊,促进高校的教学改革和人才培养模式改革提供一些理论依据。     

Education and the Importance of Religion in Decision Making: Do Other Dimensions of Religiousness Matter?

The relationship between education and the importance of religion in everyday decision making is examined using data from two national surveys of American adults. People who have higher levels of education are less likely to rely on the Bible and the teachings of their place of worship for guidance in their decision making. However, previously undocumented contingencies attenuate the effect of education: (1) attending religious services regularly; (2) involvement in religious activities; (3) praying more frequently; (4) believing in the literal interpretation of the Bible; and (5) greater certainty in one's personal faith. These patterns hold net of income, which is also negatively associated with religious‐based decision making—and only the socially integrative aspects of religiousness attenuate that association.     

孕期心理状态自我评估表的效能评价

本文通过实际测评对孕期心理状态自我评估表进行效能评价。经现场调查共得612份有效问卷,通过信效度考评发现:条目鉴别力均较强;可提取5个公因子解释总变异的52.151%;校标效度分别为0.787、0.771;整张表的信度系数达到要求;用一致性检验确定37/38分为分界值。评估表效能考评结果较理想。     

近十年来我国儿童孤独感的研究现状与展望

儿童孤独感是儿童觊觎自己对同伴关系与友谊质量的自我知觉而产生的一种消极的、弥漫性的主观情绪体验。近十年来,国内学者开始关注留守儿童、学业不良儿童的孤独感,探讨同伴关系、认知因素、家庭环境、师生关系以及社会支持等因素对儿童孤独感的影响,但缺乏适合本土化的儿童孤独感的量表;探讨单一因素对孤独感的研究较多,多因素交互作用对孤独感的影响的较少;调查研究较多,追踪研究较少。今后,将创建适合我国本土化的儿童孤独感量表并注重横断与追踪研究相结合的方法,儿童孤独感将会趋于追踪研究的发展并会构建出适合我国儿童孤独感的干预方案。