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141.
142.
The central theme of this paper is that men are at one and the same time both damaged and damage-doing. The process of being damaged through the agency of masculinity predisposes men to exploit, dominate and abuse—not only as boys, as partners and fathers, but as priests, teachers, therapists, lawyers, nurses, psychologists and psychiatrists. Mental health services need to see both aspects of this male equation: a focus on male abuse alone leads to punishment, containment and, very likely, the continuation of abuse; a focus on male damagedness alone preserves the ideology of male unaccountability. However, evidence reviewed here suggests that most traditional psychiatric services fail to acknowledge the impact of inequalities on men's mental health as comprehensively as they fail to acknowledge the impact of these inequalities on the mental health of women. This is a significant problem, and we suggest ways that a gendered analysis of masculinity can be used to help address this deficit. This analysis is used to develop a map of men's mental health that not only accommodates traditional categories of mental health difficulty, but other important consequences of the close association between masculinity and sexuality inequality, especially the use of violence and the capacity to do harm. This analytical framework also invites consideration of the invisibility of male distress, the disallowing and desensitizing of ‘vulnerability, and their submersion in a kind of psychology of entitlement. Finally, we consider the implications of this mapping exercise for mental health services and for working with men. 相似文献
143.
To examine the factors associated with social participation and to determine whether social participation is predictive of mortality, a cohort of 1405 randomly selected older people aged 65 years and over, living in Settsu, Osaka Prefecture, was followed up for 66 months. By multivariate analysis using logistic regression, female sex, older age, disability, medical treatment, no use of health checks, no daily preventive health practices, and no life worth living (no Ikigai) were independent risk factors for no participation in social activities. From the analysis using the Kaplan–Meier method, the cumulative survival rates were higher among those who took part in social activities than among those who did not in both age groups, 65–74 years and 75 years and older, for men and women. Application of the Cox proportional hazards model resulted in adjusted hazard ratio of no participation in social activities for mortality of 1.53 (95% confidence interval: 1.11–2.11), controlling for other potential factors. These results suggest that participation in social activities is closely associated with health and psychosocial conditions and may be an independent risk factor for mortality among community-residing older people. 相似文献
144.
Elizabeth S. Kinion Janis M. Campbell Linda G. Linc Norman Paradise 《Journal of Clinical Geropsychology》2000,6(1):15-23
This prospective study of 27 older adults, residing in long-term care facilities, examined the effects of reducing neuroleptic medications to the point of controlling symptoms and reducing side effects. Schizophrenia is a challenging health care condition that leads to delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and a host of other symptoms. Unfortunately, medications control many of the symptoms but cause unwanted side effects unless monitored closely and regulated to each person's needs. This study addresses six research questions related to the reduction of neuroleptic medications. Study findings related to neuroleptic medication dose reduction were encouraging. Additionally, the findings strongly suggest that health care providers working with older adults with the diagnosis of schizophrenia would benefit from planned educational programs about behavior, observations, and medications. 相似文献
145.
Female rate living in groups were subjeccted to single and repeated immobllization stress (Restraint, RT). Twenty-four hours after RT, or the last RT session in the case of repeated RT, social behavior was recored in encounters with unfamilar females, matched for age and body weight. Single RT caused an increase in agonistic behavior in both its aggression and defence aspects. This was a specific effect, as other behaviors, including introductory, affiliative (Allo-Grooming), and courting items, were unifluenced by Rate The effect persisted and was even strengthened in the case of aggression, when RT was repeated once a day for 7 consecutive days. These findings, together with previous data showing a reduction in emotionality and an increase in the exploration of the physical environment following RT, suggest that in females mild stress may induce behavioral arousal, with the selective activation of specific social and non-social behavioral parameters. This contrasts with previous findings in male rats, which responded to RT with the depression of several behavioral parameters, including some of the items (aggresion, exploration) activated in females. As already found in males, in females some parameters were affected by repetition of treatment, either RT or control handing. This suggests that manipulation per se does affect social behavior. However, behavioral modifications ascribable to repeated manipulation in no way superimposed, and were clearly distinguish able from, those due to RT. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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147.
Matthew C. Fullen Gerard Lawson Jyotsana Sharma 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2020,98(2):207-219
The authors surveyed 6,550 members of the American Counseling Association regarding the current impact of Medicare policy on counseling professionals. More than half of respondents (54.8%) had been directly affected by Medicare reimbursement barriers, including 70.0% of practicing counselors. Statistical analyses indicated significant associations between years in the profession, direct experience with the Medicare coverage gap, and participation in professional advocacy related to Medicare. Implications for counselors, counselor educators, and counseling scholarship are discussed. 相似文献
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149.
Janelle Bettis Shannon Kakkar Christian D. Chan 《Adultspan: Theory Research & Practice》2020,19(1):54-64
Bronfenbrenner's (1977) ecological systems theory is a holistic framework placing an individual in a system's context to address their concerns. This article offers a case study demonstrating use of the theory with older adults and the in‐home setting. Implications for the counseling field and future research needs are discussed. 相似文献
150.
Nearly one half of older adults who have experienced a fall report a fear of falling. The present study examined several variables in relation to fear of falling. Thirty community-dwelling older adults, over 60 years of age, who experienced a fall in the previous 12 months participated. Subjects were divided into two groups (low-fear and high-fear) and compared on scores on a Fear of Falling questionnaire, the Falls Efficacy Scale, the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Pain Intensity Scale, the Ways of Coping Checklist-Revised, the Geriatric Depression Scale-15, and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. At least a little fear of falling was reported by 25 (83.3%) of the individuals who had fallen. Highly fearful fallers were significantly more likely to endorse higher levels of pain and general anxiety than fallers reporting low levels of fear of falling. Future directions for research were noted. 相似文献