The problems of consciousness and content in theories of perception

The paper aims to show, first, that O’Regan’s and Noë’s Sensorimotor Theory of Vision and Visual Experiences suffers from circularity, and that evidence from empirical research within perception psychology unequivocally invalidates their theory. Secondly, to show that the circularity in O’Regan’s and Noë’s theory of vision and in other general causal and functional theories of perception (i.e. Gibson’s and Marr’s theories of perception) is the inevitable consequence of mutually conflicting assumption of Cartesian dualism underlying these theories. The paper concludes by outlining the consequences of this conflict of assumptions for psychological theories of perception.     

Evaluating children's use of symbol in some recent research

This paper explores a number of examples of what appeared to be recurring symbolic expressions of spirituality found in my recent research into the spiritual experiences of children in Victorian State primary schools. These expressions appeared in drawings and in conversation. In this paper I use hermeneutic phenomenology and a multidisciplinary approach to the literature, to explore the nature of symbol, in particular, the symbols of island, snake and mountain. I examine the children's use of these symbols, with their multiple meanings and function, to gain a greater understanding of their individual and collective spirituality and well‐being. This study can have applications in religious education. Through their symbolic expressions children may be enabled to explore meaning in their lives, and advance in their spiritual development. Moreover, examination by children of their own symbols may provide a bridge to understanding and exploring core ideas of religious faith, which are mainly expressed in metaphoric language. Exploring symbols can provide a way for children to exercise the imagination, grounded in bodily experience, to achieve open and enriching spiritual outcomes.     

Noah’s Ark: technical and theoretical implications concerning the use of metaphor in the treatment of trauma1

In this paper, using my clinical work with a 3-year-old boy who lost his hearing when he was between 9 and 12 months old, and whose disability was only discovered when he was 22 months old, I will explore two issues of paramount technical importance when working with trauma. Firstly, it is crucial to create a boundary around the traumatic event, so that life before, during and after the trauma can be circumscribed and the traumatic event explored and hopefully understood and integrated. Secondly, it is of paramount importance to establish the level of developmental organization at the time of the trauma, especially in relation to the capacity to integrate bodily affects into mind. I will show how trauma and its vicissitudes are directly dependent on the person’s capacity to resolve the splitting that trauma creates in the mind, and also the key role played by the use of metaphors in the process whereby trauma becomes thinkable and can therefore be integrated into the self.     

具身记忆及其内在机制

具身记忆研究主要探讨身体及其感觉运动过程在记忆中的作用。操纵或限制身体的物理状态、具身特征或可用性,可以影响记忆的效率、效价和内容。其内在机制可以通过编码特异性原理、启动效应、隐喻表征理论和再激活假说进行解释,但尚未形成统一的模型。基于现有研究与理论的共性,提出具身记忆的感觉运动模拟模型,强调重新激活在具身记忆中的作用,以期在同一框架下说明身体作用于记忆的过程,并进一步指出重新激活的条件。未来亟需在具身记忆的稳定性以及深层机制等方面进行多维度的基础和应用研究。     

权力概念垂直空间隐喻表征激活的条件

本研究通过三个实验考察权力概念垂直空间隐喻表征激活的条件。实验1发现,在权力判断任务中,具有直接权力关系的相关词对和间接权力关系的无关词对都可以激活隐喻表征。实验2使用相关判断任务,只有相关词对激活了隐喻表征。这说明对词汇进行语义加工并理解权力关系是激活隐喻表征的重要条件。实验3引入水平方向干扰,并将被试的注意转移到干扰信息上,结果仍然出现了隐喻一致性效应,表明垂直空间线索不是隐喻表征激活的必要条件。     

《癌症病房》与疾病的隐喻

俄罗斯作家索尔仁尼琴的《癌症病房》在出版的过程中经历曲折，主要的焦点就是作者是否用“癌症”作为斯大林主义的象征。作品本身的内容、俄罗斯作家协会在1967年会议上对该作品的解读、苏珊·桑塔格对疾病、特别是癌症的隐喻的定义、以及西方国家争相出版这部小说的历史事实都说明了《癌症病房》是一部典型的用疾病来影射社会邪恶的作品。     

ROBERT J. RUSSELL'S ESCHATOLOGICAL THEOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF COSMOLOGY

The main title of Robert J. Russell's Cosmology from Alpha to Omega: The Creative Mutual Interaction of Theology and Science catches the substance of the essays; the subtitle his methodological vision. The mutualis modest as far as the influence from theology on science goes; in no way is Russell curtailing the pursuit of science. Driven by intellectual honesty, he holds that in the end religious convictions will have to stand the test of compatibility with scientific knowledge. And as a Christian he believes core beliefs of Christianity, reformulated as needed, will be able to stand this test. The essays address the origin and contingency of our universe in relation to belief in creation, and his proposal for noninterventionist objective divine action. For him a stumbling block is natural evil; the evolutionary intelligibility of evil falls short of what would be desirable theologically. As steps toward an adequate eschatology Russell seeks to develop a more complex understanding of temporality, and proposes to understand the resurrection of Jesus as the First Instantiation of a New Law of the New Creation. This area is more in tension with current science, but that could be expected when one moves from creation to redemption. Within his self-imposed boundaries, these essays are well informed and well argued, and together they provide a sincere and sustained research program.     

人际吸引机制探索:主我分享中情绪的作用

研究以计算机仿真交流平台为工具,采用模拟情景方法,探讨了人际互动中相似性对人际吸引的影响和人际吸引机制。采用2×2组间设计,共32名被试。结果显示:(1)主我分享是态度相似的重要组成部分;(2)在人际交流与互动中,主我分享是影响人际吸引的重要因素;(3)情绪是主我分享影响人际吸引的中介变量,起部分中介作用;(4)人际互动情境模拟是研究人际交往的一种有效途径。     

《系辞传》"易有太极"章要旨释论

《系辞传》“易有太极”章,其本旨既非解释易占中(?)卦的具体过程,也不是要创立一种宇宙生成模式,而是借用宇宙生成论的模式,解释八卦的起源．易占与易哲学之间没有直接关系．