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61.
Kirby Deater‐Deckard Jessica Smith Linda Ivy Stephen A. Petril 《Infant and child development》2005,14(2):211-225
Parenting stress is influenced by parents' perceptions of their relationships with their children, which can vary widely for each parent depending on which child in the family is being considered. Because this within‐parent variation is rarely studied, we investigated some of the differential perceptions that arise with respect to children's behaviour problems and parent–child negativity/positivity. Participants included a national sample of adoptive parents of 486 pairs of genetically unrelated siblings. Mothers reported different perceptions of their sibling children, and within the family, the child who was rated higher in behaviour problems also was regarded with more negativity and less positivity. Furthermore, the magnitude of the difference was uncorrelated with various indicators of the family and home environment, including parental education and occupational prestige, type of housing and crowding in the home, and progressive versus traditional childrearing attitudes. This pattern of results was consistent with three previously published sibling studies utilizing similar methods. The results point to the importance of examining child effects and within‐parent differences in subjective aspects of the parenting experience. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to analyze social functioning in patients with schizophrenia and their biological relatives with a Swedish version of the video-based vignette test Assessment of Interpersonal Problem Solving Skills (AIPSS). In a new video production with simulated "real life" situations we tested the ability to receive, process and send social information in 25 individuals with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia, 20 siblings to patients with schizophrenia and 25 randomly selected non-psychiatric controls. The test proved to have good validity and interrater reliability. After controlling for positive or negative symptoms, patients had poor performance especially in acting out solutions leading to effective problem solving. Siblings generally did not differ from controls, but showed some deficiencies in non-verbal language. To conclude, AIPSS is appropriate for use in a Swedish-speaking context and might be useful in research on vulnerability indicators and in assessment of treatment interventions. 相似文献
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Corinna J. Tucker Erin H. Sharp Karen T. Van Gundy Cesar Rebellon 《Personal Relationships》2019,26(3):529-539
This study examined how emerging adults' perpetration of aggression toward a sibling closest in age was longitudinally associated with their sibling relationship quality. Emerging adults (N = 143; Mage = 19.62; 70% female) completed surveys online or by mail at two time points, 4 years apart. Of emerging adults, 25% perpetrated aggression against their closest‐in‐age sibling. Perpetration of sibling aggression was predictive 4 years later of less sibling warmth, involvement, and emotional help. None of the interactions with gender and sibling gender was significant. This study's findings demonstrate the importance of examining the consequences of perpetration of aggressive behavior toward a sibling for sibling relationship quality in emerging adulthood. 相似文献
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Motor difficulties may be an early Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) risk indicator and may predict subsequent expressive language skills. Further understanding of motor functioning in the first year of life in children with ASD is needed. We examined motor skills in 6-month-olds (n = 140) at high and low familial risk for ASD using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (Grasping, Visual-Motor Integration, and Stationary subscales). In Study 1, motor skill at 6 months predicted ASD status at 24–36 months; ASD was associated with poorer infant motor skills. In Study 2, motor skill at 6 months predicted expressive language at 30 and 36 months. Findings provide evidence that vulnerability in motor function early in development is present in ASD. Findings highlight the importance of developmental monitoring in high-risk infants and possible cascading effects of early disruption in motor development. 相似文献
65.
Rommelse NN Altink ME de Sonneville LM Buschgens CJ Buitelaar J Oosterlaan J Sergeant JA 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2007,35(6):957-967
Executive dysfunction has been postulated as the core deficit in ADHD, although many deficits in lower order cognitive processes
have also been identified. By obtaining an appropriate baseline of lower order cognitive functioning light may be shed on
as to whether executive deficits result from problems in lower order and/or higher order cognitive processes. We examined
motor inhibition and cognitive flexibility in relation to a baseline measure in 816 children from ADHD and control families.
Multiple children in a family were tested in order to examine the familiality of the measures. No evidence was found for deficits
in motor inhibition or cognitive flexibility in children with ADHD or their nonaffected siblings: Compared to their baseline
speed and accuracy of responding, children with ADHD and their (non)affected siblings were not disproportionally slower or
inaccurate when demands for motor inhibition or cognitive flexibility were added to the task. However, children with ADHD
and their (non)affected siblings were overall less accurate than controls, which could not be attributed to differences in
response speed. This suggests that inaccuracy of responding is characteristic of children having (a familial risk for) ADHD.
Motor inhibition and cognitive flexibility as operationalized with mean reaction time were found to be familial. It is concluded
that poorer performance on executive tasks in children with ADHD and their (non)affected siblings may result from deficiencies
in lower order cognitive processes and not (only) from higher order cognitive processes/executive functions. 相似文献
66.
C. Brian Harvey Zhu Manshu Kang Ching Biao Zhang FU Jue 《The Journal of genetic psychology》2013,174(4):457-464
Four-, five-, and six-year-old Chinese and Canadian boys and girls were presented a series of 11 graphic models and were asked to draw them. Supporting Piaget's theory, the data indicated that drawing performance on the topological dimension was better than the performance on the Euclidean dimension, and that there were neither gender nor cultural differences in performance. The research offers strong support for a main effect of biological or maturational factors as the foundation for the developmental influences in the acquisition of spatial conceptions. 相似文献
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The experiences of 75 non-Autism Spectrum Disorder (NASD) children and adolescents who had a sibling with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) were investigated. Differences were found according to age and gender for issues such as amount of time spent with their sibling and access to parents. Having a younger sibling with an ASD was associated with a lower level of confidence in being to live their lives as they wished. Female NASD participants commented that their lives were more influenced than male NASD participants. About half of all NASD participants reported inconsistencies in family rule adherences and parental expectation. 相似文献
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