结构方程模型常用拟合指数检验的实质

拟合指数检验是评价结构方程模型(SEM)的重要环节。从协方差结构分析的角度将SEM与传统的回归模型比较,容易理解为什么SEM需要拟合指数。揭示了目前几种流行的拟合指数检验的实质:基于卡方的绝对拟合指数(如RMSEA)检验的实质是重新设定卡方检验的显著性水平(不同于通常的.05),相对拟合指数(如NNFI和CFI)检验的实质是基于虚模型设定均方(卡方与自由度之比)降低到的比例;在NNFI大于临界值后,报告和检验CFI是不必要的。根据研究结果提出了一些方便实用的拟合检验建议。     

泛化或异化SCI评估体系的利弊思辨

简述《科学引文索引》 (science citation index, SCI) SCI检索系统的定义、国内外应用简况, 介绍了国内医学领域应用SCI检索系统中存在的问题, 重点阐述了国内医学领域中泛化、异化SCI检索体系造成的危害, 包括对医疗、教学、科研以及医学出版社发行的不良影响, 如SCI论文数量大幅度增大, 我国医学科研整体实力未提升;不利于国内医疗水平的提高和医师职业精神的培养;不利于医学科研水平的提高, 且会导致学术腐败;国内医学期刊办刊日渐艰难, 不利于国内医学的持续发展。最后提出必须科学全面地评价SCI论文。     

层级一致性指标的多级评分拓展

在认知诊断评估实践中,属性层级合理性的验证非常重要,而现有指标仅停留在0-1计分测验,无法适应考试形式和评分方式多样化的实践需求。研究将0-1计分层级一致性指标（MHCI）拓展至多级计分的层级一致性指标（GHCI）,模拟和实证研究结果表明：（1）GHCI具有和MHCI相同的本质含义,考虑了父项目和子项目得分的多种可能性,从而将MHCI纳入GHCI体系;（2）在多级或混合计分情境,MHCI会有信息损失,容易发生低估,且易受转换比例的影响;（3）GHCI在模拟和实践情境均具较好的适宜性,拟合截断值的设置可依属性层级而定。     

基于PLS-SEM的高校创业教育学生满意度模型研究

在高等教育学生满意度模型基础上,构建了高校创业教育学生满意度模型,利用天津市两所创业教育典型高校2052名已参与创业教育项目学生的问卷调查结果,采用PLS-SEM方法进行了实证分析,结果显示：学生期望、质量感知、价值感知对学生满意度均有直接且正向的影响,学生满意度对学生忠诚有直接且正向的影响;学校形象对于高校创业教育学生满意度没有直接影响,而是通过学生期望产生间接影响;学生满意度直接正向影响学生忠诚。学生满意度主要源自两方面：一是学生期望和质量感知产生的直接效用,二是学生期望通过影响质量感知和价值感知而产生的间接效用。根据研究结论,对提高高校创业教育质量提出了建议。     

The Christian Reformed Church Periodical Index

Abstract

This article describes the creation of a web-based database that indexes less well-known periodical titles of importance to scholars in the Christian Reformed Church, and generally not covered by other indexing services. The author explains how the data from the index, originally stored in a card catalog, was moved online to a text-based system, and eventually into its present form in a web-based system. Highlighting some of the challenges that were overcome in creating this resource, brief details are provided on how the data are stored and retrieved in the web environment, on how the data are searched and presented to the researcher, and on the methods used to keep the database current.     

Similarity based approximate reasoning: fuzzy control

This paper presents an approach to similarity based approximate reasoning that elucidates the connection between similarity and existing approaches to inference in approximate reasoning methodology. A set of axioms is proposed to get a reasonable measure of similarity between two fuzzy sets. The similarity between the fact(s) and the antecedent of a rule is used to modify the relation between the antecedent and the consequent of the rule. An inference is drawn using the well-known projection operation on the domain of the consequent. Zadeh's compositional rule of inference and existing similarity based reasoning techniques are considered for a new similarity based approximate reasoning technique. The proposed mechanism is used to develop a modified fuzzy control system. A new defuzzification scheme is proposed. Simulation results are presented for the well-known inverted pendulum problem.     

A cross-sectional study of changes in Norwegian adolescents' body image from 1992 to 2002

The present study examines changes in adolescents’ body image over a 10-year period. Both satisfaction with appearance in general, and satisfaction with different aspects of appearance (e.g., face, muscle tone, and weight) are considered. We analyzed data from two general population studies of 13–19-year-old Norwegians, “Young in Norway 1992” (N = 10,460, response rate = 97.0%) and “Young in Norway 2002” (N = 11,371, response rate = 92.3%). These studies used identical sampling procedures, data collection procedures, and measures of body image. The analyses showed a polarization in adolescents’ body image — concurrent with an increase in the proportion of adolescents with a very negative body image, there was an increase in the proportion of adolescents with a very positive body image. The greater proportion of adolescents with a very negative body image could partly be explained statistically by the increased body mass index (BMI) in the same period. Girls had a more problematic body image than boys, both in 1992 and in 2002. Whether the strength of this gender difference changed or not depended on the aspect of appearance considered.     

Self-compassion moderates the relationship between body mass index and both eating disorder pathology and body image flexibility

The current study examined whether self-compassion, the tendency to treat oneself kindly during distress and disappointments, would attenuate the positive relationship between body mass index (BMI) and eating disorder pathology, and the negative relationship between BMI and body image flexibility. One-hundred and fifty-three female undergraduate students completed measures of self-compassion, self-esteem, eating disorder pathology, and body image flexibility, which refers to one's acceptance of negative body image experiences. Controlling for self-esteem, hierarchical regressions revealed that self-compassion moderated the relationships between BMI and the criteria. Specifically, the positive relationship between BMI and eating disorder pathology and the negative relationship between BMI and body image flexibility were weaker the higher women's levels of self-compassion. Among young women, self-compassion may help to protect against the greater eating disturbances that coincide with a higher BMI, and may facilitate the positive body image experiences that tend to be lower the higher one's BMI.     

标准参照测验决策一致性指标研究的总结与展望

决策一致性指考生在两次平行测验中被一致归类的程度,是衡量标准参照测验质量的重要指标.到目前为止,基于经典测量模型和项目反应模型,研究者已经提出了数十种估计决策一致性指标的方法,并对这些方法的优劣进行了比较.由于模型基础和对分数分布的假设不同,各种方法适用于不同的测验情境.未来的研究应当对已有方法进行验证,并探讨决策一致性在教育测量中的应用途径,为教育和心理测量工作者估计测验的决策一致性指标提供凭据.     

音乐欣赏过程中三至十岁儿童的情绪判断与想象发展

研究不同年龄儿童音乐欣赏后的情绪判断及想象,结果表明：儿童对喜悦、悲伤两种艺术情绪判断正确率呈极显著差异,学前儿童情绪判断正确性喜悦大大高于悲伤。进入小学学习后的儿童对悲伤情绪判断正确率迅速提高。儿童想象指数随年龄缓慢增加。情绪正确判断人数与产生想象人数呈显著相关。