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271.
Monisha Ahluwalia Alicia M Hughes Lance M McCracken 《Psychology, health & medicine》2017,22(7):808-813
Few studies have assessed the underlying theoretical components of the Common Sense Model. Past studies have found, through implicit priming, that coping strategies are embedded within illness schema. Our aim was to evaluate the effect priming ‘headache’ illness schema upon attentional engagement to pain relief medication and to examine the interaction with illness treatment beliefs. Attentional engagement to the pain relief medication (‘Paracetamol’) was assessed using a 2 (primed vs. control) × 2 (strong belief in medication efficacy vs. weak belief in medication efficacy) design. During a grammatical decision task (identifying verbs/non-verbs), participants were randomised to receive a headache prime or a control. Response latency to the target word, ‘Paracetamol’ was the dependent variable. ‘Paracetamol’ treatment beliefs were determined using the brief illness perception questionnaire. Sixty-three participants completed the experiment. There was a significant interaction between illness-primed vs. control and high vs. low treatment efficacy of Paracetamol (p < .001), suggesting an attentional disengagement effect to the coping strategy in illness-primed participants whom held stronger treatment beliefs regarding the efficacy of Paracetamol. In summary, implicit illness schema activation may simultaneously activate embedded coping strategies, which appears to be moderated by specific illness beliefs. 相似文献
272.
The aim of this study was to investigate the feelings of anxiety and satisfaction among 79 primiparas who had uncomplicated pregnancies, at the time of hospital admission and after birth, considering the mode of delivery, analgesia, and pain levels. Questionnaires were completed at admission to the hospital and two months after delivery, using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) state scale and the Labour Agentry Scale. The mean (SD) STAI state score was higher at admission (36.7 (10.7)) than 4 months after childbirth (32.1 (9.7)) (paired Student’s t-test, t = 2.93; df = 78; p = .004). However, the postnatal anxiety was not associated with the mode of delivery, epidural or pain. Regarding the satisfaction with the expectations of control during childbirth, the mean (SD) score was higher before childbirth (166.0 (21.8)) than after (157.5 (33.5)) (paired Student’s t-test, t = ?2.28; df = 77; p = .03). The satisfaction with the childbirth experience was significantly associated with the expectations of childbirth and the mode of delivery, but not with analgesia or pain. The postnatal anxiety was associated with physical health, pain and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score during the postpartum period. It is important to consider the temporality of perinatal anxiety in order to understand its causes. Our results indicate that the experience of childbirth was predicted in this sample by the antenatal expectations and delivery outcomes. 相似文献
273.
In this article, we provide practical and theoretical discussion of the use of two complementary research methods to explore quality of life. We present a case example of the use of photo-elicitation alongside interpretative phenomenological analysis and use examples from our research with people living with paraplegia and chronic pain to demonstrate how these methods can be combined to provide a participant-led understanding of quality of life. This discussion includes consideration of practical and ethical issues relevant to others wishing to combine these research methods. Furthermore, we highlight some of the potential practical and therapeutic opportunities provided by the approach through an illustration of how photographs work to enhance self-reflection and promote hermeneutic sense making. 相似文献
274.
研究采用点探测范式,以疼痛线索(感觉疼痛词、情感疼痛词和健康灾难词)和中性线索(中性词)为实验材料,考察接受美沙酮维持治疗的海洛因戒治者对疼痛线索的视觉选择性注意偏向。结果表明:海洛因戒治者对疼痛线索的注意偏向具有普遍性,即对感觉疼痛词、情感疼痛词和健康灾难词等三类疼痛线索均存在注意回避偏向,尤其对健康灾难词的注意回避程度最高;海洛因戒治者还对感觉疼痛词和情感疼痛词存在注意脱离易化倾向。本研究对于有针对性的开展注意偏向矫正以干预疼痛,从而辅助美沙酮的治疗效果、维持患者的戒断状态、降低其复吸风险具有重要意义。 相似文献
275.
Differences in Our Sensory Worlds 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
276.
277.
Christel Bidet-Ildei Manuel Gimenes Lucette Toussaint Sophie-Anne Beauprez Arnaud Badets 《Journal of Cognitive Psychology》2017,29(7):821-831
Studies have revealed a close relationship between action–word processing and the detection of point-light biological movements and that this effect can be modulated by the context of action-verb presentation. The goal of the present study was to further examine the extent to which motor representation activation plays a role in this relationship by testing the influence of painless/painful sentence understanding during a listening task. Participants judged the presence or absence of a point-light biological movement that was embedded in a scrambled mask after a congruent or incongruent action sentence was presented. The sentences varied according to the context of action-verb presentation (painful, painless). Perceptual judgments of human movements improved after a prior presentation of a congruent action sentence but only in the painless context. Thus, our findings show that pain included in a semantic context of sentence presentation can preclude the relationship between action–word understanding and point-light biological movement judgments. 相似文献
278.
Saariaho TH Saariaho AS Karila IA Joukamaa MI 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2011,52(2):146-153
Engel (1959) suggested that negative physical or emotional experiences in childhood predispose to the development of chronic pain. Studies have shown that physical and sexual abuse in early life is connected with chronic pain. Emotional adversities are much less studied causes contributing to the development of chronic pain and disability. Early emotional abuse, neglect, maltreatment and other adversities are deleterious childhood experiences which, according to Young's schema theory (1990), produce early maladaptive schemas (EMSs). The primary goal of this study was to examine whether early adversities were more common in chronic pain patients than in a control group. A total of 271 (53% women) first-visit chronic pain patients and 331 (86% women) control participants took part in the study. Their socio-demographic data, pain variables and pain disability were measured. To estimate EMSs the Young Schema Questionnaire was used. Chronic pain patients scored higher EMSs reflecting incapacity to perform independently, catastrophic beliefs and pessimism. The most severely disabled chronic pain patients showed an increase in all the EMSs in the Disconnection and Rejection schema domain, namely Abandonment/Instability, Mistrust/Abuse, Emotional Deprivation, Defectiveness/Shame and Social Isolation/Alienation EMSs. The results of the study suggested that chronic pain patients had suffered early emotional maltreatment. 相似文献
279.
后基因时代到来后蛋白质组学技术得到了迅猛发展,系统化和网络化研究神经源性疼痛模型中,神经系统蛋白质结构和功能必将是未来疼痛相关研究的重要组成部分。蛋白质组学方法的广泛应用,将为我们提供一个用于判断疼痛的新工具,更有利于疼痛机理的揭示。 相似文献
280.
Håkan Nordin Martin Eisemann Jörg Richter 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2006,13(3):303-310
Objectives. In this investigation we studied the relationships between different psychological relevant subgroups and the presence of different psychosomatic symptoms in a sample of chronic pain patients, testing the accuracy of the DSM- and ICD classification systems.Results. We found no evidence for a “pure” pain syndrome according to the DSM- and ICD systems. On the contrary, we found highly significant evidence of a mixed psychosomatic condition.Conclusion. The results suggest a broad somatoform classification, with subgroups based on personality characteristics taking a stress—coping model into account, including interpersonal attachment behaviour. An alternative model of a diagnostic approach is presented. 相似文献