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271.
文章主要介绍了语义启动的过程及其脑机制的研究进展。启动效应是内隐记忆的研究焦点,而语义启动是通过刺激的语义特征来研究启动效应的。语义启动的脑机制研究一般是通过脑损伤、脑成像和ERPs等方法实现的。研究表明,大脑的广泛区域都参与着语义启动过程,尤其是脑前区和大脑的左半球。 相似文献
272.
273.
James Kinkaid 《British Journal for the History of Philosophy》2019,27(3):593-614
Martin Heidegger closes his Winter Semester 1927–28 lectures by claiming that Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, read through the lens of Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology, confirmed the accuracy of his philosophical path culminating in Being and Time. A notable interpretation of Heidegger’s debt to Kant, advanced by William Blattner, presents Heidegger as a temporal idealist. I argue that attention to Husserl’s adaptation of Kant’s critical philosophy shows that both Husserl and Heidegger are realists. I make my case by tracing a unified philosophical problematic through three puzzling passages: the Schematism chapter of the first Critique, Husserl’s thought experiment of the destruction of the world in Ideas, and the passage in Being and Time that motivates Blattner’s idealist reading. Husserl and Heidegger give accounts, derived from Kant, of how the consciousness of time makes it possible for objects to be perceived as enduring unities, as well as ‘genealogies of logic’ that show how a priori knowledge, including ontology, is possible. These accounts are idealistic only in the sense that they concern the ideal or essential features of intentionality in virtue of which it puts us in touch with things as they are independently of the contributions of any mind of any type. 相似文献
274.
在阅读时,读者可以获取副中央凹处的词汇信息,副中央凹加工是构成流畅阅读的重要因素。本研究从儿童语言发展的角度,通过3个实验(共534名被试),考察了汉语视觉字词加工中2~5年级学生的字形、语音、语义预视效应。结果发现:(1)2~5年级小学生均有字形预视效应;(2)2、3年级学生没有语音预视效应,4、5年级学生有此效应;(3)2年级学生没有语义预视效应,3、4、5年级学生有此效应。这表明,低水平的视觉信息—字形信息在儿童副中央凹加工中一直稳定地发挥作用;高水平的语言信息—语音和语义信息,随着儿童年级的升高和阅读技能的提升,逐渐地在儿童的副中央凹加工中发挥作用。儿童对汉字各类型信息的获取与使用的发展模式不同于拼音文字阅读发展理论的预测。 相似文献
275.
采用启动命名任务考察形声字的语义透明度和结构类型对义符语音激活进程的影响。结果发现,透明汉字和不透明汉字的义符语音在SOA=50 ms时都出现了激活;在SOA=100 ms时,透明汉字的义符语音激活仍然显著,不透明汉字的义符语音激活消退了;到SOA=300 ms时,两类汉字的义符语音激活完全消退。左形右声结构汉字的义符语音在SOA=50 ms和SOA=100 ms时都出现了激活,右形左声结构汉字的义符语音只在SOA=50 ms时出现了微弱的激活。 相似文献
276.
语义整合是语言阅读理解中非常重要的环节。随着认知神经科学技术的广泛应用,当前关于语义整合的研究取得了长足进步,各种模型层出不穷。但是不同模型对于语义整合的功能定位及其内在机制却存在较大的争议。本文首先介绍当前关于语义整合的主要模型,然后对当前不同理论模型之间关于语义整合的界定,以及语义整合的功能定位是在额下回还是颞叶的争论进行了分析。我们认为,关于语义整合的实质、语义整合的功能网络将是未来研究的主要方向,相关的研究对于语言理解理论的发展将具有重要的启示。 相似文献
277.
Gloria L. Schaab SSJ 《Zygon》2008,43(1):9-18
Scientific perspectives often are perceived to challenge biblically based cosmologies and theologies. Arthur Peacocke, biochemist and theologian, recognized that this challenge actually represents an opportunity for Christian theology to reenvision and reinterpret its traditions in ways that take into account scientific theories of evolution. In the course of his career, Peacocke offered a new paradigm for the dialogue between theology and science. This paper explores his proposals, in particular his theories of language, the God‐world relation, and the nature of God, and exemplifies the impact these proposals had on his theological insights. 相似文献
278.
Towfic Shomar 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2008,39(2):321-349
There is confusion among scholars of Bohr as to whether he should be categorized as an instrumentalist (see Faye 1991) or a realist (see Folse 1985). I argue that Bohr is a realist, and that the confusion is due to the fact that he holds a very special view of realism,
which did not coincide with the philosophers’ views. His approach was sometimes labelled instrumentalist and other times realist,
because he was an instrumentalist on the theoretical level, but a realist on the level of models. Such a realist position
is what I call phenomenological realism. In this paper, and by taking Bohr’s debate with Einstein as a paradigm, I try to
prove that Bohr was such a realist.
相似文献
Towfic ShomarEmail: |
279.
The thesis of underdetermination presents a major obstacle to the epistemological claims of scientific realism. That thesis
is regularly assumed in the philosophy of science, but is puzzlingly at odds with the actual history of science, in which
empirically adequate theories are thin on the ground. We propose to advance a case for scientific realism which concentrates
on the process of scientific reasoning rather than its theoretical products. Developing an account of causal–explanatory inference
will make it easier to resist the thesis of underdetermination. For, if we are not restricted to inference to the best explanation
only at the level of major theories, we will be able to acknowledge that there is a structure in data sets which imposes serious
constraints on possible theoretical alternatives. We describe how Differential Inference, a form of inference based on contrastive
explanation, can be used in order to generate causal hypotheses. We then go on to consider how experimental manipulation of
differences can be used to achieve Difference Closure, thereby confirming claims of causal efficacy and also eliminating possible
confounds. The model of Differential Inference outlined here shows at least one way in which it is possible to ‘reason from
the phenomena’. 相似文献
280.
通过2个实验, 考察了语义类标记在中国手语词汇识别和语义提取中的作用。实验1采用手语词汇判断任务, 比较了有、无语义类标记的手语词汇识别。实验2采用语义决定任务, 探讨了语义类标记对手语词语义提取的影响。结果表明, 语义类标记影响聋生对手语词的识别和语义提取。聋生识别有语义类标记的手语词显著快于识别无语义类标记的手语词。当语义类标记与手语词的语义一致时, 能够促进聋生对手语词的语义提取; 当语义类标记与手语词的语义不一致, 会干扰聋生对手语词的语义提取。中国手语词语义类标记效应的发现, 丰富了中国手语词词汇认知的理论, 对聋人的语言教学和概念教学具有重要的启示。 相似文献