大、中、小学生自卑感结构及发展特点

为了考察学生自卑感结构及其发展特点,并给出探索性的评定标准,从社会比较的视角出发,分别以大、中、小学生为被试,编制《大、中、小学生自卑感问卷》。结果发现:(1)《大、中、小学生自卑感问卷》具有良好的信度和效度;(2)生活自卑感、学业自卑感、社交(性格)自卑感是学生自卑感体验的重要内容,但不同学龄阶段学生的生活自卑感、学业自卑感、社交(性格)自卑感又有不同的所指。(3)性格自卑感在学生自卑感的形成与发展中起着桥梁与中介的作用,社交自卑感是学生性格自卑感发展的必然结果。     

Me, myself, and lie: The role of self-awareness in deception

Deception has been studied extensively but still little is known about individual differences in deception ability. We investigated the relationship between self-awareness and deception ability. We enlisted novice actors to portray varying levels of deception. Forty-two undergraduates viewed the videotaped portrayals and rated the actors’ believability. Actors with high private self-awareness were more effective deceivers, suggesting that high self-monitors are more effective at deceiving. Self-awareness may lead to knowledge of another’s mental state (i.e., Theory of Mind), which may improve an individual’s deception ability.     

"半投射"和"客观性":动机测验的两种新形式

介绍两种动机测验及其形式:1)多元动机测验(MMG)及其半投射测验形式和网格技术,它综合了投射测验和问卷的优点;2)客观性成就动机测验(OAMT)及其通过被试完成操作性任务测评成就动机的客观性测验形式。     

中学生自主学习问卷的编制

本研究主要以齐莫曼的理论为基础,进行中学生自主学习问卷的编制。研究程序如下:初步理论构想———开放式问卷和访谈———形成初始问卷———进行项目分析、信度与效度分析等等———修订问卷———形成正式问卷———计算问卷的信度与效度。最后形成了包括学习内容的自主性、时间管理、学习策略、学习过程监控与调节、学习结果的评价与强化及学习环境的控制这6个维度的自主学习问卷。     

《青少年心理健康素质调查表》归因风格分量表的编制

本研究从青少年心理健康素质角度出发,编制了青少年归因风格问卷。结合理论,采用访谈法和专家评定法确立了初测问卷的维度和条目,并通过项目区分度分析和验证性因子分析对初测问卷条目进行了修订,最终形成了包括内在外在性、暂时稳定性、可控不可控性以及整体局部性4个维度的正式问卷,经检验,问卷具有较好的信度和效度指标。     

中国医患社会心态问卷的初步编制与信效度检验

确立医患社会心态的医患社会情绪、医患社会认知、医患价值观与医患行为倾向四个维度,并在每个维度下建立分问卷,分医方卷与患方卷编制了国内首个标准化中国医患社会心态问卷。在初测问卷进行探索性因素分析的基础上,对有效患方卷和医方卷进行验证性因素分析,验证了四维度结构的合理性。中国医患社会心态问卷内部一致性系数在0.757～0.932之间,两周重测信度在0.632～0.759之间; 各因素间呈中等偏低的相关,验证性因素分析的各项参数在可接受水平; 专家评定效度良好。各分问卷可在中国大陆地区单独或组合使用。     

Reconceptualizing adult attachment relationships: A network perspective

This article explores attachment relationships from a network theory perspective: Correlations among behaviors, beliefs, and feelings related to attachment are hypothesized to stem from causal relations. The authors used two data sets that assessed relationships with four attachment figures (mother, father, romantic partner, and best friend) using the Relationship Structures Questionnaire. Separate networks (Gaussian Graphical Models) were estimated based on 10 items for each attachment figure. Across networks in Study 1 (N = 310), items related to anxiety, seeking support, and discomfort disclosing feelings clustered with other items from their respective domains; a trust‐related item bridged the clusters. Study 2 replicated these findings in a larger and more diverse sample (N = 3,710). The potential of network analysis for advancing the study of attachment is discussed.     

Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI): Normative data,psychometric properties,and associations with socioeconomic status in Finnish children

Assessment of behavioral disorders is one of the most commonly encountered tasks in child psychiatry. The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) is a widespread measurement tool used for assessing conduct problems, though the psychometric properties of the tool have varied in different samples. In this study, the ECBI was evaluated in a Finnish population based sample of children aged 4 to 12 years (n = 1,715). Factor structure and internal consistency of the ECBI and associates of behavioral problems in Finnish children were evaluated. The results showed that a unidimensional one‐factor solution for the ECBI intensity scale was the best fit for the data. The ECBI mean scores were considerably higher in our sample compared to other Nordic countries. Boys scored higher than girls on both ECBI scales, and the mean scores decreased with child's age. Socioeconomic status (SES) was weakly connected to the ECBI scores. Our results highlight the need for country specific reference norms in order to improve the clinical utility of evidence‐based measures for assessing conduct problems.     

Psychometric properties of the cyberbullying triangulation questionnaire: A prevalence analysis through seven roles

This study explores the psychometric properties of the Cyberbullying Triangulation Questionnaire (CTQ), which measures and triangulates the roles of cybervictimization, cyberaggression, and cyberbystanding. The study sample was composed of 5,036 Spanish students with a mean age of 14.19 years (SD = ±1.7; range = 10–23 years). Confirmatory factor analysis of the three correlated‐factor model yielded a high goodness of fit. Reliability as measured by Omega coefficients was adequate (>0.94). The measurement model was invariant for the two age groups (10–14 years and 15–23 years). Cybervictimization and cyberaggression correlated with offline victimization and aggression (r = 0.49; p < 0.001; r = 0.57; p < 0.001, respectively). The results show that the most prevalent cyberbystanding subrole was that of the Defender of the Victim (54.6%), and that cyberaggression and cyberbystanding were more prevalent among male adolescents (p < 0.001). The lack of parental control over children's use of the mobile phone was associated with cyberaggression (p < 0.001).     

高中生生涯学习经验问卷的编制及信效度检验

在文献分析基础上,以Holland（1997）职业理论和社会认知生涯理论为理论依据,结合国内高中生生涯活动的实际情况,编制了高中生生涯学习经验问卷。验证性因素分析结果表明,该问卷属于多维度因素结构,包含Holland六种生涯领域学习经验分问卷,每种分问卷包括成就表现、口头劝服、替代学习和积极情绪唤起等四个学习经验。信效度检验结果表明,该问卷多维构念合理,拟合良好,具备良好的内部一致性信度和构念效度。以中国个人球形职业兴趣量表简版中的生涯自我效能分量表为关联效标,发现在每种生涯领域下的生涯学习经验与生涯自我效能感都显著正相关,支持了量表的实证效度。该问卷可以作为我国高中生生涯学习经验的测量工具。