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排序方式: 共有185条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
Schlosser RW Belfiore PJ Nigam R Blischak D Hetzroni O 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1995,28(4):537-549
The effects of auditory stimuli in the form of synthetic speech output on the learning of graphic symbols were evaluated. Three adults with severe to profound mental retardation and communication impairments were taught to point to lexigrams when presented with words under two conditions. In the first condition, participants used a voice output communication aid to receive synthetic speech as antecedent and consequent stimuli. In the second condition, with a nonelectronic communications board, participants did not receive synthetic speech. A parallel treatments design was used to evaluate the effects of the synthetic speech output as an added component of the augmentative and alternative communication system. The 3 participants reached criterion when not provided with the auditory stimuli. Although 2 participants also reached criterion when not provided with the auditory stimuli, the addition of auditory stimuli resulted in more efficient learning and a decreased error rate. Maintenance results, however, indicated no differences between conditions. Finding suggest that auditory stimuli in the form of synthetic speech contribute to the efficient acquisition of graphic communication symbols. 相似文献
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员工建言日益成为组织创新和变革的推动力,在学术界它也引起了广泛关注.以往研究多从社会交换的视角来探索建言的发生机制,而从社会认知的视角的研究则较为缺乏,本研究将弥补该不足.采用问卷调查法,从苏南地区企业单位选取368份有效配对样本,研究探索了员工的工作投入对其建言行为的影响机制,及认知灵活性和权力动机的调节作用.结果表明,工作投入对建言行为具有显著的正向影响,建言效能感在其中起着中介作用;认知灵活性正向调节工作投入与建言效能感之间的关系,权力动机负向调节建言效能感对工作投入和建言行为的中介作用.文章最后讨论了研究存在的局限,并对建言行为的未来研究做了展望. 相似文献
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E. Layne Paddock Jaewon Ko Russell Cropanzano Jessica Bagger Assâad El Akremi Julie Camerman Gary J. Greguras Antonio Mladinic Carolina Moliner Kidok Nam Kjell Törnblom Kees Van den Bos 《决策行为杂志》2015,28(2):167-175
The present study examines the congruence of individuals' minimum preferred amounts of voice with the prospect theory value function across nine countries. Accounting for previously ignored minimum preferred amounts of voice and actual voice amounts integral to testing the steepness of gain and loss functions explicated in prospect theory, we use curve fitting to show that ratings of procedural justice fit prospect theory's value function specifically. Further, we investigate the form of this function across nine countries that range in power distance. Results suggest that the form of the value function is congruent with prospect theory, showing an S‐shaped curve that is steeper in the loss than in the gain domain. Further, this pattern is similar across countries. Theoretical and practical implications of these results for both decision making and organizational justice are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
76.
Impression management motive and voice: Moderating effects of self‐monitoring,self‐efficacy,and voice instrumentality 下载免费PDF全文
The purpose of this study is to examine how employees’ impression management motive influences their voice by considering dispositional and situational variables. Drawing on the theory of self‐motive, we hypothesized that voice would be more positively related to impression management motive than prosocial motive. In addition, based on the interactional approach of motive and trait and trait activation theory, we hypothesized that the relationship between impression management motive and voice would be moderated by self‐monitoring, self‐efficacy, and voice instrumentality. Using a sample of 307 supervisor–subordinate dyads from South Korea, we found that, although prosocial motive had a positive influence on voice, impression management motive had a stronger influence on voice than prosocial motive. We also found that the positive influence of impression management motive on voice was stronger for employees with high levels of self‐monitoring, self‐efficacy, and voice instrumentality. This study helps verify the boundary conditions as to when impression management motive is strongly related to voice. In addition, this study will provide theoretical clues for resolving the inconsistent findings on the relationship between impression management motive and voice. 相似文献
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Emotional and self-relevant stimuli are able to automatically attract attention and their use in patients suffering from disorders of consciousness (DOC) might help detecting otherwise hidden signs of cognition.We here recorded EEG in three Locked-in syndrome (LIS) and four Vegetative State/Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (VS/UWS) patients while they listened to the voice of a family member or an unfamiliar voice during a passive. Data indicate that, in a passive listening condition, the familiar voice induces stronger alpha desynchronization than the unfamiliar one. In an active condition, the target evoked stronger alpha desynchronization in controls, two LIS patients and one VS/UWS patient. Results suggest that self-relevant familiar voice stimuli can engage additional attentional resources and might allow the detection of otherwise hidden signs of instruction-following and thus residual awareness. Further studies are necessary to find sensitive paradigms that are suited to find subtle signs of cognition and awareness in DOC patients. 相似文献
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Restating an interlocutor’s position in an incredulous tone of voice can sometimes serve legitimate dialectical ends. However,
there are cases in which incredulous restatement is out of bounds. This article provides an analysis of one common instance
of the inappropriate use of incredulous restatement, which the authors call “modus tonens.” The authors argue that modus tonens
is vicious because it pragmatically implicates the view that one’s interlocutor is one’s cognitive subordinate and provides
a cue to like-minded onlookers that dialectical opponents are not to be treated as epistemic peers.
相似文献
Robert B. TalisseEmail: |
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Marian Ådnanes 《Political psychology》2004,25(5):795-815
Hirschman's (1970 , 1993 ) theoretical constructs of Exit and Voice represent a useful way to think about citizenship. Exit refers to a desire to emigrate and can be construed as apolitical, private, and passive—a threat to citizenship—whereas Voice refers to political commitment and can be construed as ideal citizenship. A survey of 560 Bulgarian university students in 1998 explored their emphasis on Exit and Voice (as options for themselves in the future) and the association of each option with different economic, political, and psychological factors. One in four students wanted to emigrate, and half of them considered leaving the country for a period of time. Exit plans appeared mainly to be triggered by a wish to participate in the consumer culture, but were also associated with a critical view of the political system as well as a rejection of tradition in conjunction with a Western identity. Although most of the students shared vague or ideal Voice-related plans, few wanted to become actively involved in politics. An emphasis on Voice reflected not only a somewhat limited political engagement but also a more traditionalistic attitude associated with plans for a career and family. The findings indicate that a normative separation between Exit and Voice as theoretical concepts does not cover the complexities of the Bulgarian students' emigration and political involvement plans. 相似文献