A Leader-Led Supervision Group as a Model for Practicing Genetic Counselors

With the stage set by the overview of supervision models in the previous paper, thispaper now presents the development and evolution of a currently ongoing leader-ledsupervision group for experienced genetic counselors. I discuss the procedures forgetting started; the creation and maintenance of the contract; typical issues and themesconsidered; the format for case presentation; and the overall growth of the group and itsmembers.     

团体心理咨询对提高大学生自信心的效果研究

本研究探讨了团体心理咨询在提高大学生自信心方面的作用。我们精心设计了团体心理咨询活动的过程,并在活动前后用五种量表对团体成员进行了测量。通过分析量表测量结果及其他定性研究方法,我们发现：（１）团体心理咨询可以有效地提高大学生的自信心。（２）团体心理咨询在发展性目标上也是有效的。本研究结果对今后的团体心理咨询研究及其应用具有一定的参考价值。     

Microcosm–Macrocosm

Much has been learned in the 20th century about the impact of covert group dynamics on the individual, the family and small group on the micro level and about institutions, communities, national and international process on a macro level. However, as we enter the new millennium this knowledge seems dwarfed by the burgeoning of knowledge about the brain and biological approaches to disturbed human behavior, casting a worrisome shadow on the future of dynamic group therapies. This article explores the impact of socio-economic-political forces on mental health delivery systems from the vantage point of group process and therapy, and raises questions about possible interventions to restore a balance between social dynamics and biology.     

The Future of Training and Credentialing in Group Psychotherapy

High-quality group psychotherapy training is seen as more important than ever in the current health care environment. The training opportunities available at present are assessed. It is argued that there is a body of knowledge about generic group psychotherapy that can and should be taught, and that there are appropriate people to teach it. Credentialing is discussed, and it is suggested that the assessment of actual work in clinical situations must be emphasized if such efforts are to be meaningful.     

Will the Mother-Group Have a Face? The Future of the Facilitating Environment

The author predicts that maintaining the responsible practice of group psychotherapy in the coming years will require attention to three areas of professional life. The training of group therapists must include group-as-a-whole, in addition to intrapsychic and interpersonal, theoretical constructs. A supportive network of professional colleagues must be available to provide consultation and continuing education. Finally, a culture that values the necessary components of group psychotherapy practice must be encouraged and supported.     

On the Future of Group Therapy Theory

The author presents a hypothetical view of group therapy theories as they may evolve over the first decades of the New Milennium. Looking at the problem of prediction from the standpoint of postmodernism and social constructivism, the importance of these perspectives as frameworks of the social sciences is emphasized. The influence of general systems theory, Foulkesian group analysis, object relations theory, self psychology, cognitive-behavioral psychology, and neuropsychiatry are briefly examined with respect to the expected evolution of increasingly sophisticated, detailed, and nuanced theories of group psychology and group psychotherapy.     

Myths and Small Groups: Development, Managed Care, and the Year 2000

In this article, the author defines myth and shows that disguised myths of archaic and primitive peoples can be found in the modern world. He discusses the myths that guide the development of small groups. He sketches out mythic aspects of the encounter between group therapy and managed care. Finally, he suggests the mythic significance of the year 2000 for the future of group development and of group therapy.     

Shepherding Group Analysis: Shepherds Past, Present and Future

The development of group analysis in Britain and Europe following the death of the founder, S. H. Foulkes is described. Group analytic training, journal and book publications are noted. Future prospects for group analysis are envisaged.     

'I'm Just Saying . . .': Discourse Markers of Standpoint Continuity

Examining discourse markers (Schiffrin, 1987) in two transcribed discussions of controversial issues in an undergraduate 'critical thinking' class, we note frequent uses of 'I'm just saying' and related metadiscursive expressions (I'm/we're saying, I'm/we're not saying, etc.). Our central claim is that these 'saying' expressions are pragmatic devices by which speakers claim 'all along' to have held a consistent argumentative standpoint, one that continues through the discussion unless changed for good reasons. Through close analysis of a series of discourse examples, we show how these discourse markers are used to display continuity, deflect counterarguments, and acknowledge the force of counterarguments while preserving continuity. In a concluding section we reflect critically on the use of these continuity markers with regard to four pragmatic functions that they potentially serve: to specify and clarify argumentative standpoints, to acknowledge a presumption of standpoint continuity, to acknowledge a normative expectation that discussion participants should have standpoints, and to avoid overt disagreement while saving face.     

Power, Sex, and Violence: A Psychological Reconstruction of the 20th Century and an Intellectual Agenda for Political Psychology

Power, sex, and violence are three themes that characterize a good deal of 20th-century experience. Connections among these themes can be demonstrated through archival and field studies and by laboratory experiments, in the core disciplines of political psychology as well as in literature and art. Understanding and explaining this power-sex-violence fusion is an urgent theoretical and practical imperative. Two tasks are especially critical: understanding the nature of power-striving and how it might be tempered, and understanding how and why people construct "differences" among themselves. With its broad interdisciplinary tradition, its variety of traditional and innovative methods, and its links to the real world of human affairs, political psychology is well placed to assume this intellectual agenda.