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Lynne Rudder Baker 《Metaphilosophy》2001,32(4):378-394
Philosophy should begin in the middle of things. I distinguish two ways in which I think that philosophy should begin in the middle of things, and then I describe the two dominant approaches to analytic philosophy today: scientific pragmatism and conceptual analysis (or, more broadly, "a priorism"). After giving reasons for dissatisfaction with both of these dominant approaches, I set out my own view – Practical Realism – and argue for the merits of its methodological and metaphysical components. 相似文献
134.
We describe four major approaches to the study of science–historical accounts of scientific discoveries, psychological experiments with nonscientists working on tasks related to scientific discoveries, direct observation of ongoing scientific laboratories, and computational modeling of scientific discovery processes–by viewing them through the lens of the theory of human problem solving. We compare and contrast the different approaches, indicate their complementarities, and provide examples from each approach that converge on a set of principles of scientific discovery. 相似文献
135.
Dee Carter 《Zygon》2001,36(2):357-372
Christianity's relationship with the environment is considered. From the seventeenth century, Christianity contributed to the legitimization of scientific developments that had injurious consequences for the environment. These developments were secularizing; hence the ecological crisis participates in the broader problems of secularization. Under secular hegemony, the normative model of the person as atomistic individual is integral to the problem itself as well as bereft of the spiritual resources to challenge abusive attitudes that profane God's creation. This paper proposes that responses to the ecological situation should be sought in a richer understanding of the human being: an anthropology that is not only part of the Christian legacy but also offered by contemporary sociobiology. 相似文献
136.
对我院2001年~2005年中标的312项科研课题级别与数量,获经费资助情况,中标科研课题的学科(专业)分布,课题负责人的年龄结构进行系统地统计分析,表明我院承担科研课题的能力在逐年提高,取得了很好的科研成绩。中青年科研人员已成为我院科研发展的主力军,促进了学科的发展。 相似文献
137.
中医科学性论析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
常存库 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2007,28(4):3-5
因为科学研究的对象是自然现象及其规律,而这一自然现象及其规律又是客观同一的,所以科学才是世界通约通用的。也正由于此,世界上可以有不同的文学、艺术、伦理、政治、哲学、宗教等等,就是不能有不同的科学。然而,中医确实带有鲜明的特殊性,至今也难以为世界所共同理解。那么中医是不是科学?又应怎样认识、理解和对待中医的科学性呢? 相似文献
138.
Rocco Gangle 《Zygon》2007,42(1):223-240
Stuart Kauffman's proposal in Investigations to ground a “general biology” in the laws of self‐organization governing systems of autonomous agents runs up against the methodological problem of how to integrate formal mathematical with semantic and semiotic approaches to the study of evolutionary development. Gilles Deleuze's concept of the virtual and C. S. Peirce's system of existential graphs provide a theoretical framework and practical art for answering this problem of method by modeling the creative event of collective self‐organization as both represented and practiced in the scientific community. 相似文献
139.
Jaime Wright 《Zygon》2020,55(3):805-811
This article is a response to Josh Reeves's recent book Against Methodology in Science and Religion: Recent Debates on Rationality and Theology that welcomes Reeves's proposal for an anti-essentialist future for the field of science-and-religion, particularly because it has the potential to move the field beyond current, well-worn methods: the dominance of Christian theology and doctrine, the importance of credibility strategies, and the dependence upon philosophical discourses. Reeves’ proposal has the potential to open the science-and-religion field to other topics, problems, and methods, such as studying lived science-and-religion. One way of doing this is to study popular culture and its artifacts such as literature, which portrays a co-mingling of religion and science at the level of day-to-day experiences and practices of characters. For at the level of lived experience, religion and science are not well-defined disciplines neatly compartmentalized into separate academic departments. 相似文献
140.
Fernando Rodriguez Rebecca E. Rhodes Kevin F. Miller Priti Shah 《Thinking & reasoning》2016,22(3):274-296
In two experiments, we explored whether anecdotal stories influenced how individuals reasoned when evaluating scientific news articles. We additionally considered the role of education level and thinking dispositions on reasoning. Participants evaluated eight scientific news articles that drew questionable interpretations from the evidence. Overall, anecdotal stories decreased the ability to reason scientifically even when controlling for education level and thinking dispositions. Additionally, we found that article length was related to participants' ratings of the news articles. Our study demonstrates that anecdotes can discourage scientific reasoning while also pointing to the potential influence of article length on judgements of quality. 相似文献