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991.
Renée Landry Natasha Whipple Geneviève Mageau Mireille Joussemet Richard Koestner Lina DiDio Isabelle Gingras Annie Bernier Silje Marie Haga 《Motivation and emotion》2008,32(3):173-188
The current studies examined relations between mothers’ trust in organismic development, autonomy supportive parenting, and
adaptation among mothers and their young children. Study 1 showed that trust in organismic development was distinct from optimism,
neuroticism, and social desirability whereas it correlated with having relaxed expectations for developmental milestones and
making fewer social comparisons about one’s child. Study 2 used observational methods to demonstrate a significant link between
trust in organismic development and mothers behaving in an autonomy-supportive rather than controlling manner toward their
1-year-old child during puzzle solving activities. Study 3 used a 1 year prospective design to show that trust in first time
mothers was associated with better maternal and child adaptation over time, controlling for initial levels of adaptation and
child temperament. Study 4 explored possible social/political antecedents of trust in organismic development by comparing
the beliefs of first time mothers from Canada and Norway. The four studies suggest that trust in organismic development fosters
autonomy supportive parenting practices and positive maternal and child adaptation. These findings are discussed from the
perspective of self-determination theory.
相似文献
Renée LandryEmail: |
992.
An experimental study was conducted to determine the impact of expertise and attractiveness on perceived appropriateness of
the endorser with a women’s tennis event and, subsequently, attitudes towards the event and intentions to purchase tickets.
The sample was comprised of 184 undergraduate students at three U.S. universities. Hypotheses were tested through observed
path analysis and results indicated both attractiveness and expertise were significantly related to the endorser’s appropriateness
and explained 24% of the variance. However, there was a significant interaction; in the lower expertise condition, the more
attractive athlete was rated as a more appropriate endorser. Further, endorser appropriateness led to more positive attitudes
and intentions to purchase tickets, and the model explained 13 and 48% of the variance in these variables respectively. 相似文献
993.
热手谬误?赌徒谬误? ——随机序列知觉中近因效应的格式塔现象研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过两个实验来探讨随机序列中的近因效应。在实验1中,采用传统实验范式,让被试进行一系列的抛掷硬币结果的猜测并给予反馈,结果发现:(1)在最近连续几次硬币呈现的结果不同时,人们通常把各个结果分别作为独立的单元来看待,大部分情况下做出随机性的预期;(2)在最近连续几次硬币呈现的结果相同时,人们通常把连续几次相同的结果作为一个认知单元来看待,在最近猜测对错两种情况下分别出现了截然相反的两种近因效应。当最近1次猜对时,对下一结果的预期出现正近因效应即热手谬误,但是最近几次连续猜对时谬误减少乃至消失;当最近1次猜错时,对下一结果的预期出现负近因效应即赌徒谬误,并且最近几次连续猜错时负近因效应并未受到太大影响。实验2在实验1范式的基础上,把硬币抛掷的结果人为分组,发现被试对每一组的第一个结果做出预期时,实验1中的各种效应均消失,该现象支持关于随机序列知觉的“格式塔理论”。 相似文献
994.
Karl Erik Schøllhammer 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》2008,21(3):143-148
This essay discusses the performative interventions of the contemporary Belgian artist Francis Alÿs in Mexico City and how they create a critical focus on urban reality in the Latin American mega-cities, and outline ways of intervention and interaction in the modern disassociation of the city’s economical, social, and cultural levels, taking up the challenge to suggest their unity through imagination and art. 相似文献
995.
Aspasia S. Moue 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2008,39(1):69-84
The problem of the irreversibility’s origin in thermodynamic processes occupies a distinguished place among many and lasting
attempts by researchers to derive irreversibility from molecular-mechanical principles. However, this problem is still open
and no universally accepted solution may be given during any course. In this paper, I shall try to show that the examining
of Maxwell’s demon thought experiment may provide insight into the difficulties that emerge, looking for this origin because:
(i) it is connected with the notion of irreversibility, and (ii) one of its functions is that of the “reversibility objection.”
In order to illustrate this point, I study Boltzmann’s approach to the problem of a molecular-mechanical interpretation of
irreversibility and I show that an auxiliary assumption (the selected direction of time) is responsible for producing irreversibility.
But this result is accordant with the predictions of Maxwell’s demon thought experiment: the assumptions of this kind are
not dictated by molecular-mechanical principles but are separate input in the model-systems used.
相似文献
Aspasia S. MoueEmail: Email: |
996.
Trudelle H. Thomas 《International Journal of Children's Spirituality》2008,13(2):157-169
The following essay is a close reading of Madeleine L’Engle’s science fantasy novel, A Wind in the Door, in which young Meg Murry travels first to outer space and then into her younger brother’s ailing cells. The novel is a fine example of high fantasy (also known as heroic fantasy) wherein a humble protagonist is called to a quest to fight a cosmic battle between good and evil. The essay analyzes specific expressions of evil in the novel: impersonality, narcissism, despair and blind empiricism. Meg’s quest demonstrates particular spiritual practices that promote spiritual maturation and the ability to overcome evil: ‘kything’, Naming, deepening and holding. L’Engle portrays these practices in a fresh way that can help both children and adults incorporate them into their day‐to‐day lives. Moreover, there are links between kything and holding and the metta and tonglen, two types of Buddhist meditation. L’Engle affirms children’s innate relational consciousness and presents spiritual practices that are relational, non‐sectarian, practical, and eminently hopeful. 相似文献
997.
本实验采用2被试组别(MCI组、正常老年组) × 3进行中任务变化(无变化、顺序变化、随机变化)被试间设计探究进行中任务变化对轻度认知功能障碍者基于事件前瞻记忆的影响。结果表明:(1)轻度认知功能障碍者的前瞻记忆成绩显著低于正常老年人的前瞻记忆成绩; (2)进行中任务变化对两组被试前瞻记忆和进行中任务的反应时影响存在显著差异。进行中任务变化越大, 轻度认知功能障碍者完成前瞻记忆和进行中任务的反应速度越慢; 而正常老年被试则不受影响。研究支持前瞻记忆策略加工的理论观点, 认为执行功能损伤可能是导致轻度认知功能障碍者前瞻记忆失败的主要原因。 相似文献
998.
Bernard Linsky 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2014,9(1):149
Russell’s letter to Frege of June 16, 1902 contains the famous paradox of the class of all classes which are not members of themselves as well as a second paradox of the predicates that cannot be predicated of themselves. The latter paradox arises out of Russell’s theory of classes and class concepts in Principles of Mathematics. 相似文献
999.
1000.
合作行为是一种重要的亲社会行为, 对儿童的社会适应具有重要意义, 而孤独症儿童的典型特征是社会功能存在缺陷, 从而导致合作行为的缺乏。以往研究未能就孤独症儿童在不同合作任务类型中的表现做出区分, 本研究采用经典的囚徒困境博弈和合作性工具任务比较了6~12岁的高功能孤独症儿童和正常发展儿童在不同任务中的合作行为。结果显示高功能孤独症儿童和正常儿童在囚徒困境中的合作行为没有显著差异, 然而, 他们在工具性任务中表现出比正常儿童更低水平的合作行为。这说明高功能孤独症儿童在对认知能力有不同要求的合作任务中的表现不同。 相似文献