高校合并：医科院校的发展目标与制度创新

合并后的高校其发展战略目标是创办综合性、研究型大学。高校的核心职能是民族创新的智力引擎,为实现21世纪中华民族的复兴,合并后高校的中心工作就是创新。当前合并后高校的工作重点是围绕发展战略目标,实现在学科建设与重组、机构改革与设置、人才培养与使用、科研项目与市场以及管理功能等方面的制度创新。     

职业使命感与免费师范生学业投入的影响：基于社会认知职业理论的视角

本研究以436名师范生为研究对象,采取社会认知职业理论（SCCT）为理论分析视角探讨了职业使命感对大学生学业投入的影响及其内在机制。结果表明：（1）职业使命感可以显著提高师范生的学业投入度;（2）职业结果期待和职业自我效能在职业使命感与学业投入之间起到部分中介作用;（3）职业使命感还可以通过职业结果期待、职业自我效能影响职业满意度,进而影响大学生的学业投入。最后,本研究对实践意义和研究局限进行了讨论。     

大学生心理行为问题的识别:基于潜在剖面分析

为探索潜在剖面分析(latent profile analysis, LPA)在心理行为问题识别上的应用, 对12718名大学生进行心理普查, 并对644名学生由心理咨询师、辅导员和兼职班主任对其心理状况进行评定, 采用评定结果和阳性症状检出率作为"黄金标准"分析了诊断的敏感度与特异度。结果发现:(1)潜在剖面分析发现本研究大学生样本的心理行为问题可划分为三个亚群体:风险组、困扰组和健康组, 分别占比9.86%、19.15%和70.99%;(2)风险组表现为突出的精神症状(Z≥2.6SD), 有61.21%的被试出现阳性症状, 远高于困扰组的38.28%和健康组的8.36%;此外, 困扰组以认知与情绪症状为主;(3)潜在剖面分析方法比传统划界分数方法在敏感度上能提高8.93%~35.26%, 更为科学有效。     

Pre-entry Characteristics,Perceived Social Support,Adjustment and Academic Achievement in First-Year Spanish University Students: A Path Model

Transition to university is a multifactorial process to which scarce consideration has been given in Spain, despite this being one of the countries with the highest rates of academic failure and attrition within the European Union. The present study proposes an empirical model for predicting Spanish students' academic achievement at university by considering pre-entry characteristics, perceived social support and adaptation to university, in a sample of 300 traditional first-year university students. The findings of the path analysis showed that pre-university achievement and academic and personal–emotional adjustment were direct predictors of academic achievement. Furthermore, gender, parents' education and family support were indirect predictors of academic achievement, mediated by pre-university grades and adjustment to university. The current findings supporting evidence that academic achievement in first-year Spanish students is the cumulative effect of pre-entry characteristics and process variables, key factors that should be taken into account in designing intervention strategies involving families and that establish stronger links between research findings and university policies.     

L’expérience étudiante de la transition : adultes en reprise d’études versus jeunes bacheliers

In a context of development of the learning society, characterized by increasing and diversifying public received to university, this research aims to understand the student's experience of adults undertaking a university program and young graduates. Three transitional processes (Masdonati & Zittoun, 2012) were studied: identity adjustment, development of skills, and meaning making. The analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted at the University Paris Ouest at the end of the first semester with twenty students shows that young graduates evoke a quest for adult identity, and gradual empowerment, and adults who undertaking a university program evokes identity et behavioral changes.     

Sense of meaning and academic performance: A brief report

This study examined sense of meaning and academic performance among a sample of South African university students (n = 210, mean age = 19.49, SD = 1.99, female = 54.29%). Data on meaning were collected using the Purpose in Life Test. End of semester marks served as the academic attainment measure. Simple regression analysis with post-hoc independent-samples t-tests revealed that meaning predicts academic performance. No significant differences between genders emerged from the data. Sense of meaning is an important factor in supporting students to enhance their academic performance.     

Body weight and weight perception among African and Caribbean university students: Correlation with depression symptoms

The aim of the study was to investigate the association between body weight, weight perception, and depressive symptoms in African and Caribbean university students. In a cross-sectional survey the total sample included 4 964 undergraduate university students (mean age 21.8, SD = 3.4, age range = 18-30 years) from five African and three Caribbean countries. Data on the students’ actual and perceived body weight, as well as depression symptoms, were collected. In logistic regression, perceived rather than measured overweight predicted depressive symptoms in male students with normal weight. For female students, perceived overweight predicted depression symptoms regardless of actual body weight. Male students who overestimated their body weight were at greater risk of depressive symptoms. Body weight self-perceptions appear to influence experience of mood disorder among African and Caribbean country students.     

Identity Problems,Ego Strengths,Perceived Stress,and Adjustment During Contextual Changes at University

We present a 2-year time-lag study in which Canadian and Spanish students’ perceptions of stress, identity problems, and psychosocial maturity (ego strengths) were examined in relation to academic, social, and personal-emotional adjustment to university under different conditions of macro-environmental disruption (i.e., academic and economic) and no disruption (stability). In the academic disturbance context, students reported increased stress and the economic disruption situation was associated with greater identity problems. The expected relationships were found among the variables in the study. Students reported greater social maladjustment at university related to economic disruption in comparison with the academic and no disruption contexts. Ego strengths moderated the relationship between perceived stress with academic and social adjustment, respectively. In other words, delayed psychosocial development in conjunction with high perceived stress was associated with deficient academic and social functioning at university. The findings are considered in terms of psychosocial development and the role of proximal and distal perception of stressors in the functional well-being of university students.     

Patients’ health or company profits? The commercialisation of academic research

This paper is a personal account of the events associated with the author's work at the University of Toronto's Hospital for Sick Children on a drug, deferiprone, for the treatment of thalassaemia. Trials of the drug were sponsored by the Canadian Medical Research Council and a drug company which would have been able, had the trials been successful, to seek regulatory approval to market the drug. When evidence emerged that deferiprone might be inadequately effective in a substantial proportion of patients, the drug company issued legal threats when the author proposed informing her patients and the scientific community. Until protests were made by international authorities in her field of research, the hospital and university did not adequately support the author's academic freedom and responsibilities as a medical practitioner. It is argued that underlying cause of this, and of other similar cases, is the political philosophy which is driving the commercialisation of universities and bringing about the deregulation of drug approval procedures. Together these changes constitute a serious threat to the public good.     

Relationship between COVID-19-related stress and social inhibition among university students in China: The mediating role of psychological richness

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health issues of university students received increasing attention. However, little is known about the effect of COVID-19-related stress on social inhibition among Chinese university students and its psychological mechanism in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore the relationship between COVID-19-related stress and social inhibition as well as the mediating role of psychological richness. In late 2022, 1250 Chinese university students were recruited for participation in an online survey. Modified SARS-Stress Scale, Social Inhibition Questionnaire, and Psychologically Rich Life Questionnaire were used to assess participants' COVID-19-related stress, social inhibition, and psychological richness. The Results indicate that COVID-19-related stress positively predicts social inhibition and negatively predicts psychological richness. Meanwhile, Psychological richness negatively predicts social inhibition. Mediation analysis shows that the relationship between COVID-19-related stress and social inhibition was partially mediated by psychological richness. The results indicate the significant predictive value of psychological richness when studying mental health issues.