父母元情绪理念与儿童社会适应：父母情绪反应的中介作用

采用追踪设计对459名儿童的父母进行问卷调查，旨在考察父母元情绪、情绪反应与儿童社会适应的复杂作用关系。研究结果表明：（1）在控制了前测儿童敏感合作后，父亲的问题关注反应在父亲的情绪教导和儿童的敏感合作之间起中介作用；（2）在控制了前测儿童社会适应后，母亲的鼓励表达在母亲的情绪教导和儿童的违纪攻击、害羞焦虑之间起中介作用，母亲的问题关注反应在母亲的情绪教导和儿童的敏感合作之间起中介作用，母亲的苦恼反应在母亲的情绪教导、情绪摒除和儿童的敏感合作、害羞焦虑之间起中介作用。     

A mixed effects negative binomial analysis of road mortality determinants in Sub-Saharan African countries

This paper uses aggregate data for a panel of 23 Sub-Saharan African countries to explore the potential predictors of road traffic fatalities between 2001 and 2010. In addition to the Gross Domestic Product per capita, the set of covariates includes some demographic, safe driving behavior, health and infrastructure-related variables. Estimations from a mixed effects negative binomial regression suggest that the fraction of populations aged between 15 and 64 years, the size of the road network and seat belt laws significantly increase fatalities. However, populations of age 65 and above, hospital beds and physicians’ densities, and road audits significantly decrease these fatalities. Moreover, traffic fatalities are found to increase with the Gross Domestic Product per capita. The economic implications of this finding is not to lower the economic growth but to design policies and technologies that could prevent African countries from experiencing the same road tragedy observed in industrialized countries during their development process.     

文章主题论述长度对文章标记效应的影响

探讨文章阅读过程中文章主题论述长度对文章主题信息和从属信息的保持效果。结果表明：文章主题论述长度影响着文章标记的效应,在有文章宏观标记条件下,文章主题论述长短对主题的通达无显著影响;但在无宏观标记条件下,论述长的文章主题的记忆效应显著优于论述短的主题;文章宏观标记对短主题从属信息的保持存在显著的扩散效应。     

基底神经节损伤对知觉性启动效应影响的进一步研究

基底神经节的认知和记忆功能是近年认知神经科学研究的热点。该研究采用两项语义性启动效应（自由联想、偏好）和一项知觉性启动效应（字辨认）任务,发现基底神经节损伤、分别伴两侧海马或右侧丘脑损伤的两例患者的语义性启动效应正常,知觉性启动效应障碍。由于先前研究已经证实海马或丘脑结构与启动效应无关,因此该两例患者表现的知觉性启动效应障碍可归因于基底神经节损伤,进一步证实了王常生等人认为基底神经节可能具有或参与知觉性启动效应调节作用,与语义性启动效应无关的观点。     

文章主题的组织方式对文章标记效应的影响

以120名高中生为被试,探讨在有无文章标记条件下,文章主题的不同组织对文章主题信息和文章总命题信息保持的影响。结果表明,在文章主题信息的保持上,文章主题的组织方式和文章标记都有显著的主效应,但无显著的交互作用。在文章总命题信息保持上,文章主题的组织方式与文章标记之间存在显著的交互作用,文章标记对主题有组织文章的信息保持的促进效应大于对主题无组织文章的信息保持的促进效应。     

变量相对重要性评估的方法选择及应用

高维数据爆发的背景下,心理学研究目前急需变量相对重要性评估的有效方法。相对重要性评估的关键是选择合适的评估指标和统计推断方法。相对重要性的评估指标种类繁多,优势分析和相对权重是重点推荐的相对重要性评估指标。相对重要性的统计推断方法适用情境不同,Bootstrap抽样是推断单变量重要性和两变量重要性差异的常用方法,而贝叶斯检验是评估多变量重要性次序的新方法。线性回归模型之外,相对重要性研究已拓展到Logistic回归模型、结构方程模型、多水平模型等,但适用数据类型仍较为有限。相对重要性评估已广泛应用于心理学实证研究,但存在不恰当的指标解释和方法选择问题。为此,结合具体例子说明变量相对重要性的评估过程。     

The longitudinal relationship between angry rumination and reactive–proactive aggression and the moderation effect of consideration of future consequences-immediate

The idea that influential factors for two subtypes of aggression (reactive and proactive aggression) should be different is popular, but the common influential factors have not been examined. Such an examination could help understand the influential factors of aggression from the perspective of multiple motivations affecting the development of aggressive motivations over time. The present study argued that angry rumination would be a common influential factor for both reactive and proactive aggression. In addition, consideration of future consequences (CFC) may moderate the longitudinal effect of angry rumination on proactive aggression. Two studies were conducted to test these hypotheses. In Study 1, a cross-lagged analysis with a 6-month interval was employed. A total of 505 undergraduate students (46% males) completed the questionnaires twice. Results indicated that after a 6-month period, angry rumination predicted reactive aggression but not proactive aggression. Furthermore, reactive aggression predicted angry rumination over time. In Study 2, a moderation analysis was performed with another 437 participants (130 males). The results partly supported our hypotheses, indicating that CFC-immediate (CFC-I) moderated the longitudinal effect of angry rumination on proactive aggression. The present results extended prior research regarding the predictors of proactive and reactive aggression and may contribute to a greater understanding of the development of aggressive motivation. In addition, our research suggested that high CFC-I may be an important factor for the motivation change from reactive aggression to proactive aggression.     

Untangling the associations that narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry have with agency,communion, and romantic commitment

The Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Concept (NARC; Back et al., 2013) proposes two strategies for maintaining a grandiose self-image. These dimensions are positively correlated, but often have divergent associations with outcomes. When used simultaneously to predict outcome variables, suppression effects often occur. We examine suppression effects for narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry in four samples (total N = 2106), examining their bivariate distribution and transforming the predictors to emphasize common and unique sources of variance. High composite NARC (high narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry) was associated with more positive self-perceptions of agency, slightly more negative self-perceptions of communality, and less romantic commitment. Domination of the narcissistic admiration pathway relative to the narcissistic rivalry pathway predicted more positive self-perceptions.