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261.
This study investigated the influence of authentic leadership (AL) on employee organisational commitment (OC) in a South African state hospital. A convenience sample of 222 employees (female = 81%; black = 82%) completed the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire on their perceptions of AL behaviours among their leaders; namely self-awareness, relational transparency, internalised moral perspective, and balanced processing. The employees also completed the Organisational Commitment Questionnaire to self-report on their own OC; namely affective, continuance, and normative commitment. Data were analysed utilising regression analysis to predict employees’ self-reported OC from perceived AL behaviours. Findings suggest AL scores to predict OC scores as well as the OC dimensions of continuance and normative commitment. AL scores did not predict affective commitment. Employees whose leaders apply AL may be able to retain employees through increased OC. 相似文献
262.
In multiple regression researchers often follow up significant tests of the interaction between continuous predictors X and Z with tests of the simple slope of Y on X at different sample-estimated values of the moderator Z (e.g., ±1 SD from the mean of Z). We show analytically that when X and Z are randomly sampled from the population, the variance expression of the simple slope at sample-estimated values of Z differs from the traditional variance expression obtained when the values of X and Z are fixed. A simulation study using randomly sampled predictors compared four approaches: (a) the Aiken and West (1991) test of simple slopes at fixed population values of Z, (b) the Aiken and West test at sample-estimated values of Z, (c) a 95% percentile bootstrap confidence interval approach, and (d) a fully Bayesian approach with diffuse priors. The results showed that approach (b) led to inflated Type 1 error rates and 95% confidence intervals with inadequate coverage rates, whereas other approaches maintained acceptable Type 1 error rates and adequate coverage of confidence intervals. Approach (c) had asymmetric rejection rates at small sample sizes. We used an empirical data set to illustrate these approaches. 相似文献
263.
This study intended to (1) investigate the pedestrian injury severity involved in traffic crashes; and (2) address the spatial and temporal heterogeneity simultaneously. To achieve the objectives, geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model was proposed to deal with both spatial and temporal heterogeneity simultaneously. The pedestrian crash data of Hong Kong metropolitan area from 2008 to 2012 were collected, involving 1652 pedestrian-related injury samples. By comparing GTWR model and standard geographically weighted regression (GWR) model and temporally weighted regression (TWR) model, the proposed GTWR model showed potential benefits in modeling both spatial and temporal non-stationarity simultaneously in terms of goodness-of-fit and F statistics. Results revealed that number of vehicles, number of pedestrian-related casualties, speed limit, vehicle movement and injury location have significant influence on pedestrian injury severity in different areas. The conclusions are reached that GRWR model can address the relationship between pedestrian injury severities and influencing factors, as well as accommodating spatial and temporal heterogeneity simultaneously. The findings provide useful insights for practitioners and policy makers to improve pedestrian safety. 相似文献
264.
Maya Benish-Weisman Ella Daniel Kristina L. McDonald 《European journal of social psychology》2020,50(1):207-223
The study examined the relations between adolescents’ self-esteem and two aspects of values: content and congruence with classmates. Using a large sample of Israeli adolescents (N = 1,683; Mage = 14.36, SD = 2.24, range = 11–18, 54.31% females), we found that self-esteem related negatively to self-enhancement values and positively to conservation values using zero order correlations. Multilevel polynomial regressions, controlling for demographic differences, found significant quadratic associations of self-esteem with self-enhancement, self-transcendence, openness-to-change, and conservation values. Furthermore, using Response Surface Analyses, it was found that adolescents who were congruent with their classmates’ self-enhancement and self-transcendence values showed the highest levels of self-esteem. The findings point to the importance of social context for the relations between values and self-esteem among adolescents. 相似文献
265.
Multiple-set canonical correlation analysis (Generalized CANO or GCANO for short) is an important technique because it subsumes
a number of interesting multivariate data analysis techniques as special cases. More recently, it has also been recognized
as an important technique for integrating information from multiple sources. In this paper, we present a simple regularization
technique for GCANO and demonstrate its usefulness. Regularization is deemed important as a way of supplementing insufficient
data by prior knowledge, and/or of incorporating certain desirable properties in the estimates of parameters in the model.
Implications of regularized GCANO for multiple correspondence analysis are also discussed. Examples are given to illustrate
the use of the proposed technique.
The work reported in this paper is supported by Grants 10630 and 290439 from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada to the first and the second authors, respectively. The authors would like to thank the two editors (old
and new), the associate editor, and four anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on earlier versions of this paper.
Matlab programs that carried out the computations reported in the paper are available upon request. 相似文献
266.
为探明汉语儿童语言和心理理论的发展, 追踪二者的动态关系及相互作用的方向, 本研究以80名4、5岁儿童为研究对象, 纵向探查了前后相隔6个月的儿童的一般语言能力和心理理论的发展状况, 并运用交叉-滞后组相关分析初步探查了二者是否存在因果关系及可能的作用方向。结果表明:4~5岁是汉语儿童心理理论发展的重要时期, 语言在这一阶段也得到快速发展。交叉-滞后组相关分析发现了4岁儿童语言和心理理论因果关系的证据, 但随着年龄的增长, 语言对心理理论的前提基础作用有所减弱, 5岁儿童没有表现出这种因果关系。 相似文献
267.
组织气氛与员工参与的关系 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
员工参与是提高组织绩效的重要一环 ,也是组织提高运作效率和使员工产生积极心态的关键 ;组织气氛是影响员工参与的一个重要因素。文章探讨了组织气氛与员工参与之间的关系 ,对全国各地区共 14 8家企业的90 4份调查问卷进行了单因素方差分析和逐步回归分析。研究结果表明 ,员工参与变量有显著的所有制差异和地区差异 ;低科层性的、创新性的和支持性的组织气氛会显著地提高员工参与水平 ;企业的科层式管理体制 ,是影响员工参与水平的最显著因素。研究结果对我国企业管理者有重要的启示 相似文献
268.
郗浩丽 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2007,28(10):44-45
温尼科特是英国精神分析客体关系学派的重要代表人物,提出了独特的精神分析治疗观,以提供抱持性的分析情境为核心,强调退行至依赖的治疗过程,重视精神分析师的反移情中的恨的情绪体验,珍视病人的主动不交流等,在很多方面颠覆了经典的精神分析治疗观。 相似文献
269.
270.