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851.
852.
采用组间实验设计,以汉语科技说明文为阅读材料,探讨自我解释与工作记忆对汉语阅读理解的影响以及工作记忆对自我解释活动本身的影响.结果表明:(1)自我解释活动促进了被试对文本的理解.(2)较高的言语工作记忆容量对汉语阅读理解有促进作用.(3)高工作记忆容量组比低工作记忆容量组不仅在阅读过程中产生了更多数量的自我解释,而且还更多地使用衔接和推理的解释模式. 相似文献
853.
语词分析下结构式写作在应对负性生活事件中的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对以结构式写作处理负性生活事件的90份写作文本进行语词分析,以语词分析类别中心理历程四个维度的语词数为自变量,以被试写作后SF-36量表总分、社会功能、躯体功能和情感职能得分为因变量进行的回归分析表明,对写作文本的认知历程对被试总体身心健康、社会功能和躯体功能状况均有正向作用,社会历程对躯体功能状况呈负向作用.感知历程中的特征因素对被试情绪职能呈负向作用。研究证实了书面叙述对负性生活事件的积极处理效应,并对认知与社会互动因素的作用机制进行了初步探索。 相似文献
854.
855.
文本阅读中协调性整合的发生机制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用移动窗口技术和自我报告法探讨了文本阅读中协调性整合发生的具体机制。被试为华南师范大学本科生114名。实验1通过分析不同条件下目标句的阅读时间探讨当前信息跟先前信息只有语义相关上的局部不一致但没有事件相关时能否发生协调性整合。实验2通过分析不同条件下探测词的反应时间探讨文本阅读过程中单纯语义相关没有事件相关时,目标句阅读是否会自动激活跟其有关的背景信息。实验3通过分析不同条件下目标句的阅读时间和被试的自我报告指标探讨协调性整合是否是一种自动化的过程,即探讨被试在文本阅读过程中能否意识到这种信息整合方式。总的实验结果表明,文本阅读中当前信息跟先前信息有语义相关时可以引发信息激活,但只有当前信息跟先前信息有事件相关时才会发生信息整合;另外,协调性整合是一种自动化的过程,读者在文本阅读过程中不能意识到这种信息整合方式的发生 相似文献
856.
857.
The ability to retain and process an object's identity and spatial location is essential for many daily tasks, often referred to as visual-spatial working memory. Research investigating visual-spatial processing has concentrated on three aspects or mechanisms thought to sub-serve this process; perceptual processes, anatomical correlates and working memory functions. An approach integrating all three areas has largely been neglected. Hence, this review sought to (1) outline some of the advances made to the understanding by these three concepts or models of visual-spatial processing, (2) establish the relationship between these processes, and discuss the challenges faced by researchers attempting to dissociate this functions from other visual-spatial processes as well as other working memory functions. It is suggested that a more comprehensive and integrative understanding of visual-spatial working memory has implications for research seeking to investigate visual-spatial memory, and to relate visual-spatial memory to other cognitive functions, such as executive function and attention. 相似文献
858.
This study addresses the advertising effectiveness of round and thin models. Integrating previous findings and theories, the authors predict and find that impulsive and reflective product evaluations as responses to thin and round advertisement models diverge. Specifically, four experiments indicate that impulsive product evaluations follow a priming logic, such that the beauty of the model spills over directly onto product evaluations; thin models thus produce more favorable implicit responses than do round models. For reflective product evaluations however, this pattern appears reversed. Moreover, these explicit product evaluations are mediated by campaign liking. 相似文献
859.
Scott P. Ardoin Jessica C. Williams Cynthia Klubnik Michael McCall 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2009,42(2):375-380
Although the literature clearly demonstrates that repeated readings result in immediate effects on students' performance on the intervention materials as well as long‐term benefits, data are less promising regarding its immediate generalization effects to similar materials. Using an alternating treatments design, the current study evaluated the effects of a multicomponent repeated reading intervention on generalization passages after students had read a passage three versus six times. Results indicated improvements in fluency as a result of both interventions, with slightly greater maintenance effects when students were given six opportunities to read passages. 相似文献
860.
A tutorial on partially observable Markov decision processes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael L. Littman 《Journal of mathematical psychology》2009,53(3):119-125
The partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) model of environments was first explored in the engineering and operations research communities 40 years ago. More recently, the model has been embraced by researchers in artificial intelligence and machine learning, leading to a flurry of solution algorithms that can identify optimal or near-optimal behavior in many environments represented as POMDPs. The purpose of this article is to introduce the POMDP model to behavioral scientists who may wish to apply the framework to the problem of understanding normative behavior in experimental settings. The article includes concrete examples using a publicly-available POMDP solution package. 相似文献