传教士对中国近代医学的贡献

传教士在中国近代的医疗活动促进了西医的传播和发展,培养了医学人才;借鉴了国外管理体制,提供了医学教育模式;发扬了医生职业道德,解除了人民疾苦;建立了乡村医疗网,揭开了中国近代公共卫生事业的序幕。     

Gender Role Egalitarian Attitudes Among Chinese College Students

This study was designed to examine the relationships between gender role egalitarian attitudes and gender, age, parents’ education and occupations, anticipated age of marriage and child bearing, desired family size, career choices, and preference for sex of the children among 470 Chinese college students. Statistically significant relationships were observed between gender role egalitarian attitudes and gender, age, and anticipated age of marriage and childbearing. There were no relationships between gender role egalitarian attitudes and preference for sex of the children, desired family size, parents’ education and occupation, and Chinese students’ career choices.     

汉语形声字声旁家族大小对整字发音的影响

拼音文字阅读中的“家族效应”是语音通达研究的一个重要角度,然而,汉字语音通达的家族效应研究却未见报道。本文运用快速命名的实验范式,对汉字形声字声旁家族大小对整字语音通达的影响进行了研究。结果发现汉字阅读中也存在家族效应,但是与拼音文字正好相反,声旁家族越大,反应时越长,在不规则汉字阅读中表现更为明显,显示了汉语语音通达有别于拼音文字的特殊性。另外,作者在研究基础上提出了一个汉字形声字阅读的模型,以期更深入地揭示汉字形声字阅读的认知机制     

从中药介入治疗肝癌看中医药的继承与发展

中药在肝癌介入治疗中已显示出令人鼓舞的作用,从这一成功范例中我们看到继承传统中医特色和优势,走中西医结合、多学科参与融合之路,才能推动和实现中医药的跨越式发展。     

王吉民、伍连德的《中国医史》及其中译本

王吉民、伍连德撰写英文版<中国医史>的起因与美国医史学家嘉里逊的<医学史>一书有关.伍连德的信可能使嘉里逊对中国医学的看法有了改变.<中国医史>有未正式公开出版的中文译本,其翻译初衷是为了批判所用.     

Comparing the Effects of Unknown-Known Ratios on Word Reading Learning Versus Learning Rates

An extension of G. L. Cates et al. (2003) investigation was conducted to determine if students’ cumulative learning rates would be superior for words read under a traditional drill and practice condition (as they were for spelling in the previous study) than under interspersal conditions of varying ratios of unknown to known words. Participants consisted of three intermediate grade students who were delayed readers. They received a less challenging ratio of unknown to known word (High-P sequencing) interspersal procedure, a more challenging ratio of unknown to known word interspersal training procedure, and a traditional drill and practice procedure in an alternating fashion across several tutoring sessions. Cumulative words read with mastery and cumulative rates of words read with mastery were measured across sessions for each participant under each instructional condition. Findings were consistent with the Cates et al., study revealing that children learn more words per minute of instructional time under the traditional drill and practice condition. These results further support examining instructional efficiency as well as effectiveness when making decisions about selecting and implementing interventions.     

学校不同群体的阅读信念对记叙文意义建构的影响

采用问卷调查的方法,考察学校三类群体(初中生、大学生、教师)的阅读信念(reading belief)对记叙文意义建构的影响。结果发现:(1)学校三类群体对记叙文的意义建构不同:在表层信息上,教师和大学生显著优于初中生,教师和大学生之间水平相当;而在整体理解上,教师显著优于大学生和初中生,而且大学生也显著优于初中生;(2)在初中阶段,传递信念对记叙文意义建构起主导作用;(3)在大学阶段,互动信念对记叙文意义建构起主导作用。     

配对联想学习能力和语音意识在汉语儿童早期阅读中的作用

本研究以93个学前儿童为研究对象,考察了配对联想学习能力和语音意识在汉字阅读和词汇发展中的作用及其相互关系,其中,配对联想学习分为假词、非词、符号三种形式。结果发现,语音意识是解释汉字阅读的最重要变量,配对联想学习能力对词汇发展具有独特贡献;不会阅读者在假词和非词学习中比初学阅读者差,而在非语言的符号学习中没有差异。     

汉语句子加工中RB效应的研究

本研究采用完整,不完整和同形异义句作为实验材料考察了汉语句子加工中的RB效应。研究发现:(1)在汉语句子加工中,完整句和不完整句中均存在RB效应,且完整句的RB效应要强于不完整句。造成这种强度上不一致的主要原因是由于不完整句的RB效应导致句法和语义被破坏,并对R2有较高的侵犯性;(2)在同形异义字的汉语句子加工中,也存在RB效应,其结果与重复句一致。它表明同形异义字不影响RB效应的强弱或有无。以上结果表明,由于RB效应对语境的作用不敏感,因此,RB效应应出现在语义加工之前的阶段。