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11.
Felipe De Brigard Eleanor Hanna Peggy L. St Jacques Daniel L. Schacter 《Cognition & emotion》2019,33(4):646-659
Episodic counterfactual thoughts (CFT) and autobiographical memories (AM) involve the reactivation and recombination of episodic memory components into mental simulations. Upon reactivation, memories become labile and prone to modification. Thus, reactivating AM in the context of mentally generating CFT may provide an opportunity for editing processes to modify the content of the original memory. To examine this idea, this paper reports the results of two studies that investigated the effect of reactivating negative and positive AM in the context of either imagining a better (i.e. upward CFT) or a worse (i.e. downward CFT) alternative to an experienced event, as opposed to attentively retrieving the memory without mental modification (i.e. remembering) or no reactivation. Our results suggest that attentive remembering was the best strategy to both reduce the negative affect associated with negative AM, and to prevent the decay of positive affect associated with positive AM. In addition, reactivating positive, but not negative, AM with or without CFT modification reduces the perceived arousal of the original memory over time. Finally, reactivating negative AM in a downward CFT or an attentive remembering condition increases the perceived detail of the original memory over time. 相似文献
12.
The present study examines whether children reactivate a moved constituent at its gap position and how children’s more limited
working memory span affects the way they process filler-gap dependencies. 46 5–7 year-old children and 54 adult controls participated
in a cross-modal picture priming experiment and underwent a standardized working memory test. The results revealed a statistically
significant interaction between the participants’ working memory span and antecedent reactivation: High-span children (n = 19) and high-span adults (n = 22) showed evidence of antecedent priming at the gap site, while for low-span children and adults, there was no such effect.
The antecedent priming effect in the high-span participants indicates that in both children and adults, dislocated arguments
access their antecedents at gap positions. The absence of an antecedent reactivation effect in the low-span participants could
mean that these participants required more time to integrate the dislocated constituent and reactivated the filler later during
the sentence. 相似文献