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61.
Gao Shan 《Axiomathes》2004,14(4):295-305
We study the possible connection between self-consciousness and quantum process. It is shown that the self-consciousness function can help to measure the collapse time of wave function under some condition, while the usual physical device without self-consciousness can't. Furthermore, we show that the observer with self-consciousness can distinguish the definite state and the superposition of definite states under some stronger condition. This provides a practical physical method to differentiate man and machine, and will also help to find the possible existence of self-consciousness in the animal kingdom. We finally give some further discussions about these new results.This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
62.
Jaime Szpilka 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2002,83(5):1037-1049
The author attempts to establish a framework for understanding the contribution of psychoanalysis to ethics through examining the work of certain philosophers, especially Kant. After reviewing the development of Freudian thought and going beyond the ‘psychoanalysis and/or psychiatry?’ question, he asserts that the space of the psychoanalytical cure revolves around an ethical problem. Thus, the limits of analysis should be determined by the subject's capacity for developing a structure of belief in the unconscious, with the concomitant capacity to go beyond equivocation in respect of an ethical conflict that underlies all cases where psychical suffering is manifested. Indeed, only human beings are called upon to deal with an ethical paradox “equally a logical one”which could be stated thus: there is Good in Evil and Evil in Good. This ethical paradox is the consequence of human subjection to the constituent laws of the Oedipus complex, which distances the human being, in his/her dealings with Evil and with Good, from any naturalist stance. In respect of the cure, then, we must take into account that Evil does not proceed from any particular drive‐based characteristic, but is rather the expression of specific subjection to an unconscious Other, towards which it directs its affects. Finally, the author proposes a principle that emerges from the preceding discussion: let us not impute to or place in the Other our own subjective splitting or pain at existing. 相似文献
63.
Robert J. Brecha 《Zygon》2002,37(4):909-924
I present results of recent work in the field of quantum optics and relate this work to discussions about the theory of quantum mechanics and God's divine action in the world. Experiments involving atomic decay, relevant to event uncertainty in quantum mechanics, as well as experiments aimed at elucidating the so–called Schrödinger's–cat paradox, help clarify apparent ambiguities or paradoxes that I believe are at the heart of renewed attempts to locate God within our constructed physical theories and tend to narrow the gaps proposed as an opening for divine action. Some problems arise because of imprecise use of nonmathematical language to force quantum mechanics into an intuitive "classical" framework. 相似文献
64.
David Grandy 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2002,33(2):369-379
Light is puzzling in modern physics–witness wave-particle duality, the two-slit experiment, and the invariant speed of light.
These puzzles are not intrinsic to light but arise from overly narrow views of light. Disregarding the expansive, unitary
nature of light that informs everyday experience, modern physics treats light as if it were self-bounded and separable. Further,
physics assumes that light is not complicit with observations of light, that the two are separable. By likening light to light-illuminated
entities, these attitudes set the stage for puzzles. When,however, conceptions of light are aligned with visual experience,
those puzzles become occasions of understanding.This is because visual experience already embodies that aspect of light which
physics finds so anomalous: nonseparability. Light's interactive vastness shows up wherever light shows up, and because no
observer can back away from light or step outside its integrative embrace, different parts of light (photons) cannot be lifted
out ofthe observation as distinct – i.e., distinctly-observed – entities.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
65.
by Robert Larmer 《Zygon》2009,44(3):543-557
Many contemporary thinkers seeking to integrate theistic belief and scientific thought reject what they regard as two extremes. They disavow deism in which God is understood simply to uphold the existence of the physical universe, and they exclude any view of divine influence that suggests the performance of physical work through an immaterial cause. Deism is viewed as theologically inadequate, and acceptance of direct immaterial causation of physical events is viewed as scientifically illegitimate. This desire to avoid both deism and any positing of God as directly intervening in the physical order has led to models of divine agency that seek to defend the reality of divine causal power yet affirm the causal closure of the physical. I argue, negatively, that such models are unsuccessful in their attempts to affirm both the reality of divine causal power acting in the created world and the causal closure of the physical and, positively, that the assumption that underlies these models, namely that any genuine integration of theistic and scientific belief must posit the causal closure of the physical on pain of violating well-established conservation principles, is mistaken. 相似文献
66.
The nature of modern constructive mathematics, and its applications, actual and potential, to classical and quantum physics, are discussed. 相似文献
67.
Michael Stöltzner 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》1999,30(2):289-316
On Two Types of Realism in Quantum Theory. Current realist approaches to the foundations of quantum theory emphasize the dichotomy
between (Copenhagen) positivism and ‘beable’-realism. Recently it was even attempted to turn this picture into two (equally
possible) histories in order to legitimate Bohmian Mechanics as a viable alternative. This paper argues that this dichotomy
is philosophically inadequate and historically questionable by embedding it into the philosophical discussion on positivism
and realism that has taken place since the 1920s. Logical Empiricists back then advocated empirical realism and contrasted
it to absolutistic metaphysical realism. From this viewpoint David Bohm's ‘beable’-realism combines elements of Mach's sensualism
with a pre-Kantian metaphysics. As Wesley Salmon's position shows, empirical realism can become quite pronounced without relapsing
into Bohmian philosophy. Instead it arrives close to the GRWP-interpretation. Hence, when Bernard d'Espagnat binds both together
as ‘ontological interpretations’, he blurs the borderline between empirical and metaphysical realism that his Veiled Reality
has set out to draw, quite in concordance with Logical Empiricism.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
68.
Willem B. Drees 《Zygon》1991,26(3):373-396
Abstract. The cosmology proposed by Stephen Hawking has been understood as support for an atheistic stance, due mainly to its view of the nature of time in combination with the absence of explicit boundary conditions. Against such a view, this article argues that one might develop a theistic understanding of the Universe in the context of Hawking's cosmology. In addition, the quantum cosmologies of Andrej Linde and Roger Penrose are presented. The coexistence of different research programs and their implicit metaphysical views about the nature of quantum reality and time may have profound implications for philosophy and theology. 相似文献
69.
Michael Esfeld 《Metaphilosophy》1999,30(4):319-337
The claim of this paper is that we should envisage physicalism as an ontological holism. Our current basic physics, quantum theory, suggests that, ontologically speaking, we have to assume one global quantum state of the world; many of the properties that are often taken to be intrinsic properties of physical systems are in fact relations, which are determined by that global quantum state. The paper elaborates on this conception of physicalism as an ontological holism and considers issues such as supervenience, realization of higher-order properties by basic physical properties, and reduction. 相似文献
70.
This paper shows that the non-Boolean logic of quantum measurementsis more naturally represented by a relatively new 4-operationsystem of Boolean fractionsconditional eventsthanby the standard representation using Hilbert Space. After therequirements of quantum mechanics and the properties of conditionalevent algebra are introduced, the quantum concepts of orthogonality,completeness, simultaneous verifiability, logical operations,and deductions are expressed in terms of conditional eventsthereby demonstrating the adequacy and efficacy of this formulation.Since conditional event algebra is nearly Boolean and consistsmerely of ordered pairs of standard events or propositions,quantum events and the so-called "superpositions" of statesneed not be mysterious, and are here fully explicated. Conditionalevent algebra nicely explains these non-standard "superpositions"of quantum states as conjunctions or disjunctions of conditionalevents, Boolean fractions, but does not address the so-called"entanglement phenomena" of quantum mechanics, which remainphysically mysterious. Nevertheless, separating the latter phenomenafrom superposition issues adds clarity to the interpretationof quantum entanglement, the phenomenon of influence propagatedat faster than light speeds. With such treacherous possibilitiespresent in all quantum situations, an observer has every reasonto be completely explicit about the environmentalinstrumentalconfiguration, the conditions present when attempting quantummeasurements. Conditional event algebra allows such explicationwithout the physical and algebraic remoteness of Hilbert space. 相似文献