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101.
人口逆淘汰及其预防 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
冯泽永 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2004,25(2):62-64
对人口逆淘汰必须全面、动态地加以认识.必须阻止人口逆淘汰,提高人口质量,变"人口"为"人力".教育是关键措施,医疗卫生和环境改善十分重要,但决不能鼓励高学历人口多生育而限制农村人口的出生. 相似文献
102.
《孔丛子》六卷当出自“汉魏孔氏家学” ,其前三卷记孔子、子思言行 ,可能是辑先秦孔氏遗文。《孔丛子·记义》篇载有一大段孔子对《诗》的评论 ,其与上博简《孔子诗论》有着内在的关系 ,可以将它们视为同一个体系而相互参释和补充。《孔丛子》“诗论”与上博简《诗论》都反映了先秦儒家早期说诗的风格和内容 ,而与汉代形成的《诗序》传统不同。《孔丛子》“诗论”对朱熹的《诗经集传》有一定影响 ,在从汉代诗学向宋代诗学的转变过程中起了一定的作用。 相似文献
103.
Herkert JR 《Science and engineering ethics》2001,7(3):403-414
Three frames of reference for engineering ethics are discussed—individual, professional and social—which can be further broken
down into “microethics” concerned with individuals and the internal relations of the engineering profession and “macroethics”
referring to the collective social responsibility of the engineering profession and to societal decisions about technology.
Few attempts have been made at integrating microethical and macroethical approaches to engineering ethics. The approach suggested
here is to focus on the role of professional engineering societies in linking individual and professional ethics and in linking
professional and social ethics. A research program is outlined using ethics support as an example of the former, and the issuance
of position statements on product liability as an example of the latter.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the International Symposium on Technology and Society 2000 (ISTAS 2000),
Rome, Italy, 7 September 2000.
Joseph R. Herkert directs a dual-degree program in engineering and humanities/social sciences and is editor of Social, Ethical, and Policy Implications of Engineering (Wiley/IEEE Press). 相似文献
104.
The effects of manipulations of response requirement, intertrial interval (ITI), and psychoactive drugs (ethanol, phencyclidine, and d-amphetamine) on lever choice under concurrent fixed-ratio schedules were investigated in rats. Responding on the "certain' lever produced three 45-mg pellets, whereas responding on the "risky" lever produced either 15 pellets (p = .33) or no pellets (p .67). Rats earned all food during the session, which ended after 12 forced trials and 93 choice trials or 90 min, whichever occurred first. When the response requirement was increased from 1 to 16 and the ITI was 20 s, percentage of risky choice was inversely related to fixed-ratio value. When only a single response was required but the ITI was manipulated between 20 and 120 s (with maximum session duration held constant), percentage of risky choice was directly related to length of the ITI. The effects of the drugs were investigated first at an ITI of 20 s, when risky choice was low for most rats, and then at an ITI of 80 s, when risky choice was higher for most rats. Ethanol usually decreased risky choice. Phencyclidine did not usually affect risky choice when the ITI was 20 s but decreased it in half the rats when the ITI was 80 s. For d-amphetamine, the effects appeared to he related to baseline probability of risky choice; that is, low probabilities were increased and high probabilities were decreased. Although increase in risky choice as a function of the ITI is at variance with previous ITI data, it is consistent with foraging data showing that risk aversion decreases as food availability decreases. The pharmacological manipulations showed that drug effects on risky choice may be influenced by the baseline probability of risky choice, just as drug effects can be a function of baseline response rate. 相似文献
105.
Giovanni Carlo Zapparoli Maria Clotilde Gislon 《Journal of Psychotherapy Integration》1999,9(2):185-197
We present an approach to the problem of structuring a therapeutic alliance with patients presenting paranoid symptoms, using both psychoanalytical and cognitive techniques. Initially, we focused on one of the main aspects of the paranoid worldview: the fear of being betrayed and the tendency to betray. This is a defense maneuver, through which patients deny their passivity, and the impotence in the relationship with their own internal needs and with the significant people in the external world, including the therapist. In our experience to build up a working relationship, both a psychoanalytical interpretation of unconscious conflicts and the cognitive analysis of dysfunctional beliefs are needed. Often, in more serious cases, the role of nonqualified object must be accepted at the beginning, due to the patient's need to be in control of the situation. Only then can a therapeutic phase begin, in most cases, through an integrated approach that includes pharmacological, psychodynamic, and cognitive modalities. 相似文献
106.
短时作业中警戒绩效影响因素的实验研究:兼用信号检测论分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了短时(1小时内)作业中警戒绩效的一些影响因素。实验采用EP710警戒仪,研究了短时作业中时间、信号密度(信噪比)以及信号显著性(占空比)对警戒绩效的影响。使用的方法为信号检测论。因变量指标为辨别力指数d’和判断标准B。结果发现,作业时间和占空比对警戒绩效没有影响,信噪比对辨别力指数d’有影响但对判断标准B没有影响。结果提示,在短时作业中,信噪比对警戒绩效起显著作用. 相似文献
107.
本研究以问卷调查的方式对上海市中学生,中医药大学生、和普通公众的老虎保护意识进行了对比调查和纵向调查,以评估国际野生生物保护协会亚洲保护交流项目的“拯救虎虎”公众意识宣传教育活动的效果。 相似文献
108.
This paper is the final part of the syntactic demonstration of the Arithmetical Completeness of the modal system G; in the
preceding parts [9] and [10] the tools for the proof were defined, in particular the notion of syntactic countermodel. Our
strategy is: PA-completeness of G as a search for interpretations which force the distance between G and a GL-LIN-theorem
to zero. If the GL-LIN-theorem S is not a G-theorem, we construct a formula H expressing the non G-provability of S, so that
⊢GL-LIN ∼ H and so that a canonical proof T of ∼ H in GL-LIN is a syntactic countermodel for S with respect to G, which has the height
θ(T) equal to the distance d(S, G) of S from G. Then we define the interpretation ξ of S which represents the proof-tree T
in PA. By induction on θ(T), we prove that ⊢PA Sξ and d(S, G) > 0 imply the inconsistency of PA.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
109.
This contribution first searches for historical and empirical evidence for whether and how curricula act or acted as a measure of public education. The problem is explicated on account of a short history of curriculum work and distinguished in a analytical, a political, programmatical and practical discourse of curriculum work. Curriculum work always underlies premises of planning, learning and effects. Three models are finally developed and brought in touch with the different discourses. Curriculum work proves to be an attempt to make publicly acceptable the empirically impossible accountability of schools. 相似文献
110.
Gail Yariv 《The Journal of analytical psychology》1999,44(1):37-55
In this paper I consider the individual nature of the way a person develops senses of time. I suggest that something of a patient's early, unvoiced, experience is revealed through the temporal rhythms of interaction with the therapist. I refer to development, cycles of experience, metabolism, transgenerational emotions, experiences of beginnings and endings, early interactions with (m)other, together with narrative and its relation to unconscious processes. Experiences of time within the session indicate the nature of the feelings that are being lived, or refused life. I consider the paradox of living in the present and its relation to chronology. Lastly I give an example of the difficulty of timing comments when there is no flow of feeling, which is, itself, a communication. 相似文献