Conséquences et corrélats associés au soutien de l’autonomie dans divers domaines de vie

Self-determination theory (0160 and 0170) suggests that autonomy-supportive environments, where one's perspective is considered, feelings are recognized, meaningful informations are given, and opportunities for choice are provided, promote optimal functioning. Many studies show that autonomy support leads to positive affective, cognitive, and behavioral consequences. However, this body of research is little known because studies are scattered throughout various research fields and no review of the overall positive impact of autonomy support in various life domains is available. This literature review presents studies on this interpersonal style in five life domains.     

The Wisdom Jar

Abstract

Supervisors can use a wide range of skills and exercises when terminating counseling supervision with supervisees at the end of a practicum class. This article presents an experiential creative activity, the Wisdom Jar, as a metaphor for discussing specific lessons with supervisees. The use of creativity and the integration of symbols and metaphors provided supervisees with images to reflect upon after completing a counseling practicum clinical experience.     

THE ANALYST'S RELOCATION: ANALYSIS TERMINABLE,INTERMINABLE, AND DISLOCATED

The analyst's relocation is relatively neglected in the literature. Yet relocation is profoundly unsettling, striking at the psychoanalytic contract in a way that illness or even severe countertransference disturbances do not, and this unsettling aspect of resettling can disturb analytic functioning. The few previous papers about relocation focus on how to best understand and manage “reality” intrusions in terms of the nature and status of the transference relationship. In this paper, an engagement with object relational ideas is the prism through which to examine the dislocations of relocation and the potential disruptions of thinking caused by the vicissitudes of moving.     

Factors That Predict Premature Termination Among Mexican-American Children in Outpatient Psychotherapy

The role of demographic variables, acculturation, and therapy attitudes and expectations in predicting treatment dropout for Mexican-American families who presented for mental health treatment for a young child at a community mental health center was examined. Univariate analyses indicated that less educated parents who felt that they should be able to overcome their child's mental health problems on their own, and who felt that emotional and behavioral problems should be handled by increasing discipline were more likely to terminate prematurely. In addition, parents who perceived more barriers to treatment and expected their child to recover quickly were more likely to drop out of treatment after attending just one session. Measures of household income, acculturation, therapist–client ethnic match, perceptions of stigma, and expectations of therapist directiveness were not related to treatment dropout. When multivariate analyses were examined, parental education, perceived barriers to treatment, and belief in increased discipline remained significant predictors of treatment dropout, and client–therapist ethnic match became a significant predictor of dropout. Results are discussed in terms of implications for culturally-sensitive interventions.     

When is it time to stop? When good enough becomes bad enough

This article draws on Winnicott’s concept of the good enough mother to discuss how to know whether a therapeutic situation is good enough to continue or bad enough to end. This dilemma is explored in terms of clinical syndromes, such as anorexia and pathological gambling, but focuses mainly on analyst-initiated endings, which are termed the ‘Casablanca dilemma’, based on an amplification of the ending of the film Casablanca. The author goes on to discuss such one-sided endings, drawing on interviews with 40 analysts and therapists about their clinical experience. A typology of bad enough endings is presented. The psychological differences between a good enough analysis as opposed to a bad enough one are explored through the ideas of Winnicott and Neumann.     

两种新的多维计算机化分类测验终止规则

计算机化分类测验(Computerized Classification Testing, CCT)由于具备分类的功能, 目前在职业资格考试、健康与护理问卷等以分类为目的的测验中得到广泛应用。作为CCT的重要组成部分, 终止规则不仅决定测验停止的条件而且直接影响分类准确率及测验效率。然而, 目前少有研究对多维CCT (Mulitidimensional CCT, MCCT)的终止规则进行探索。针对已有MCCT终止规则的不足, 提出两种新的MCCT终止规则(即基于马氏距离的多维序贯似然比规则Mahalanobis-SPRT和随机缩减的多维广义似然比规则M-SCGLR), 并开展模拟研究在不同实验条件下(比如, 不同的题库结构、能力维度间相关及分界函数)考查它们的表现。结果表明：(1)在使用补偿性分界函数的条件下, Mahalanobis-SPRT规则具有较高的分类精度和与同类方法相近的测验长度; (2)在几乎所有实验条件下, M-SCGLR规则不仅在测验精度上大幅优于已有的多维随机缩减规则, 而且具有较短的测验长度。     

Analyse des abandons prématurés lors d’un accompagnement a la validation des acquis de l’expérience (V.A.E.): une recherche empirique

If the VAE’s counseling (validation of knowledge and experience) know a certain success, a lot of candidates have the tendency to termine prematurely the procedure without one can know the precise reasons of it. The present research is based on a sample of 162 subjects that entered to different stages into VAE’s counseling. The comparison between people having quit and those having pursued their VAE carries on self-efficacy, professional and personal social support, self-determination and difficulties met during counseling. A discriminant analysis led between the pursuers and those that don’t pursue as well as the propositions of the participants permit to identify the key variables and to do some recommendations to improve the VAE’counseling.     

Effect of conspecific sex on aggression during pregnancy and lactation in golden hamsters

The effect of conspecific sex on maternal aggression in hamsters was determined by comparing the frequency of aggressive responses by dams continuously housed with either a virgin male or female cagemate during pregnancy and lactation. Dams easily established aggressive dominance over male cagemates soon after pairing, and their aggression was low thereafter for the duration of pregnancy and lactation. The aggression of dams with females, on the other hand, tended to fluctuate with highs during mid pregnancy and mid lactation and lows around birth. When dam aggression was low around birth, female cagemates frequently became aggressively dominant, and several dams lost their litters. The higher aggression of dams toward females than males is probably a reflection of greater intrasexual competition for environmental resources that includes pups.