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Oftentimes, Whites are unaware that they may have slighted Blacks. Although researchers have spent a considerable amount of attention disentangling this form of implicit (unconscious) racial bias from explicit (conscious) racial bias, we are less clear about the conditions that cause implicit racism to matter in American politics. In this article, we offer a theory of how fear and Whites' unconscious racial bias are tightly linked in memory, and triggering this emotion can make these implicit attitudes more salient in public opinion. To test our theory, we focus on Whites’ opinions toward voter ID laws. Our expectation is that inducing fear should cause implicit racism to play an important role in Whites’ evaluation of the policy. Using an adult national experiment over two waves, we induced several emotions to elicit fear, anger, or relaxation. The findings show that the fear condition causes Whites high in implicit racism to be more supportive of voter ID laws than similar individuals in the anger and control conditions. On the other hand, fear does not cause Whites high in explicit racism to be more supportive of voter ID laws. 相似文献
994.
该研究探讨高校教师人格对心理资本与心理健康状况的影响。研究对南昌三所高校270名教师进行了心理资本、症状自评量表和人格测验,分别用SPSSl7.0和LISREL$.71进行了t检验和建构了结构方程模型。结果表明,心理资本、心理健康和人格测验分数的性别差异、职称差异不显著,t值在0.11到1.28之间,均有P〉0.05。大学教师人格的三个维度均对其心理健康与心理资本有中等程度的影响,E维度和P雏度对心理健康的影响系数为-0.39和0.52;E雏度、N维度和P维度对心理资本的影响系数为0.54、-0.43和0.52;人格E、N、P维度经心理资本的部分中介作用,时心理健康的间接效应是-0.23、0.18和O.23,t值分别为-3.25、2.96和3.25,P值均小于O.01。结论:大学教师的人格与其心理资本和心理健康问题具有紧密的关联性。关注大学教师的心理健康问题。必须同时关注他们的人格与心理资本的问题。 相似文献
995.
Erin B. Comartin Edita Milanovic Victoria Nelson Sheryl Kubiak 《American journal of community psychology》2021,67(1-2):7-20
The overrepresentation of individuals with mental illness in the criminal/legal system is well documented. While professional associations urge diversion towards treatment, little is known about the practices these institutions use to identify this population. One understudied space in the criminal/legal continuum is jails. This exploratory study compares two types of mental health identification at jail booking to assess jail‐ and community‐based service outcomes by identification type (N = 2956): (a) staff observation and (b) a standardized screening instrument. Individuals identified through staff observation were significantly more likely to receive jail‐ and community‐based services, even though current symptomology and substance misuse were both significantly higher for individuals identified only by the screening instrument. These findings point to the importance of jails in providing stabilizing services during incarceration, but further, show the impact that identification practices have on individuals as they transition to the community. Community context showed varied rates of jail staff observations of mental illness, showing greater risks for individuals in rural communities. Implications include a need for system‐level changes by instituting evidence‐based identification practices in jails, and improving professional collaboration practices between mental health and criminal/legal practitioners as individuals enter and exit jails. 相似文献
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997.
We investigated the associations among perceived fidelity to family-centered systems of care, family empowerment, and improvements
in children's problem behaviors. Participants included 79 families, interviewed at two time points across a one-year period.
Paired samples t-tests indicated that problem behaviors decreased significantly across a one-year period. Hierarchical multiple regressions
indicated that both fidelity to family-centered systems of care and family empowerment independently predicted positive change in children's problem behavior over a one-year period. However, when family empowerment is entered
first in the regression, the relationship between fidelity to family-centered systems of care and change in children's problem
behavior drops out, indicating that family empowerment mediates the relationship between family-centered care and positive
changes in problem behaviors. Consistent with other literature on help-giving practices, family empowerment appears to be
an important mechanism of change within the system of care philosophy of service delivery. Implications for practice and staff
training are discussed. 相似文献
998.
Leslie J. Francis Mandy Robbins Tania ap. Siôn Christiopher Alan Lewis L. Philip Barnes 《Pastoral Psychology》2007,56(2):157-164
Northern Ireland remains both one of the more religiously active and also one of the most religiously divided countries in
Europe. In this context 1,093 sixth-form pupils attending Protestant schools and 1,266 sixth-form pupils attending Catholic
schools (aged between 16 and 19 years) completed the abbreviated Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised (EPQR-A), as a
measure of psychological health, alongside the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christainity (FSAC). The findings demonstrated
that a positive attitude toward Christianity was associated with neither higher nor lower neuroticism scores, but was associated
in both religious communities with lower psychoticism scores. There is no evidence, therefore, to associate a positive view
of Christianity with poorer levels of psychological health among adolescents in Northern Ireland, and some evidence to associate
a positive view of Christianity with better levels of psychological health. 相似文献
999.
脓毒症研究进展及启示 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14
雷三林 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2006,27(4):20-22
脓毒症(sepsis)是是当前外科ICU所面临的棘手难题.对感染和脓毒症的研究已成为外科学十分活跃的领域之一,所取得的进展已使人们从本质上更深刻、更准确地了解感染与脓毒症,从而为解决这一棘手问题开辟新的途径.脓毒症的研究揭示了人类科学发现和科学认识的普遍规律. 相似文献
1000.
Vasquez H 《American journal of community psychology》2006,37(3-4):183-189
This article identifies a challenge brought to us while facilitating a diversity workshop with adults in a school work setting. Our program involved using the video The Color of Fear as a centerpiece of a training to school district staff where the goals were to raise awareness and understanding of race, gender and class issues, increase understanding of power and privilege, and build alliances between people from diverse backgrounds. The challenge came from a white, male participant and involved issues of privilege, the intersections of race, class, and gender, and resistance to addressing diversity matters. Reflections of what worked and didn't work are offered as well as recommendations to other facilitators who will face similar challenges. 相似文献